Notes &

IMPORTANT
QUESTIONS

SETS
Search our channel
Deepak Bhatt
11th & 12th

0 DEEPAK BHATT
DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195
 DEEPAK BHATT
MAYUR VIHAR PH-1 EAST DELHI-110091
CLASS XI Math’s – Notes & Important Questions
SETS
KEY POINTS

 Definition of Set: Set is well defined collection of objects.

 Objects in Set are called elements of Set.
 Elements are said to be ‘belong to’ set.
Example: A = {a, b, c, d} is a Set and a, b, c, d are element of Set A
Here a, b, c, d belongs to A or a, b, c, dA
Representation of Sets:
(a) Roster or Tabular form
 e.g.: Set Natural Numbers less than 5 = {1, 2, 3, 4}
(b) Set-builder form
 e.g.: Set of Natural Numbers less than 5 = {x : x N, x < 5}
Types of sets:
(a) Empty /Null/Void Set: Set which does not contain any element. It is denoted
by  or { }
(b) Finite set: Set having finite number of elements
(c) Infinite set: Set having infinite number of elements
(d) Singleton set: Set having only one element
 Cardinal number of finite set: Number of distinct elements of set. It is
denoted by n(A).
 Equivalent sets: Two or more finite sets having same number of elements
or same cardinal number.

DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195

  Subset: A set A is said to be subset of a set B iff a A a B.   a
A We write it as A  B.
Note:  and A itself are always subsets of set A.
 Super set: If A  B then B is superset of A.
 Proper subset: If A  B, but A ≠ B then A is proper subset of B. We write it
as A  B.  Number of subsets of a set A= 2n(A)
 Number of proper subsets of a Set A = 2n(A) – 1
 Equal sets: Two or more sets having exactly same elements. A = BAB
and B  A.
Types of Intervals
(a) Open Interval (a, b) = {x  R: a < x < b}
(b) Closed Interval [a, b] = {x  R: a x  b}
(c) Semi open or Semi closed Interval,
(a,b] = { x  R : a < x ≤b}
[a,b) = { x  R : a ≤ x < b}
 Venn diagram and operations on sets
(a) Union of two sets A and B:
A  B = {x: x  A or x  B}

(b) Intersection of two sets A and B:

A  B = {x: x  A and x  B}

DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195

 Subset and superset: A  B

 Disjoint sets: Two sets A and B are said to be disjoint if AB =

(c) Difference of sets A and B is,

A – B = {x: x  A and x B}

(d) Difference of sets B and A is,

B – A = {x: x  B and xA}

(e) Complement of a set A, denoted by A or Ac

A = Ac = U – A = {x: x  U and xA}

DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195

 Properties of complement of sets:
1. Complement laws
(i) A  A = U (ii) A  A = (iii) (A) = A
2. De Morgan's Laws
(i) (A  B) = A B (ii) (A  B) = A B
Note: This law can be extended to any number of sets.
3.  =  and  = 
4. If A B then BA
 Laws of Algebra of sets
(i) A  = A
(ii) A  = 
 A – B = A  B = A – (A  B)
 Commutative Laws: –
(i) A  B = B  A (ii) A  B = B  A
 Associative Laws: –
(i) (AB)C = A (B  C) (ii) (A  B) C = A  (B C)
 Distributive Laws: –
(i) A  (B  C) = (A  B) (A  C)
(ii) A  (B  C) = (A B) (A  C)
 If AB, then A  B = A and A  B = B
 n(A  B) + (A  B) = n(A) + n(B)
 If A and B are disjoint, then n (A  B) = n(A) + n(B)
 n(A B C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) – n(AB) – n(B  C) – n(A  C)+ n(A  B C)

DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195

IMPORTANT QUESTION’S
Q1. If sets A and B are defined as
1
𝐴 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑦 = , 0 ≠ 𝑥𝜖𝑅} , 𝐵 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑦 = 𝑥, 𝑥𝜖𝑅, }. Then
𝑥

(a) A ∩ B = A (b) A ∩ B = B
(c) A ∩ B = φ (d) A ∪ B = A
Q2. In set builder method the null set is represented by
(a) { } (b) 
(c) { x : x ≠ x} (d) { x : x = x}.
Q3. If A and B are two given sets, then A  (A  B)is equal to
(a) A (b) B (c)  (d) A – B.
Q4. If A and B are two sets such that A  B then A  B is
(a) A (b) B (c)  (d) A  B.
Q5. If n(A  B) = 18, n(A – B) = 5, n(B – A) = 3 then n(A  B) is
(a) 18 (b) 10 (c) 15 (d) 12
Q6. For any two sets A and B, A  (A  B)’ is equal to
(a) A (b) B (c)  (d) A  B
Q7. If n(A) = 5 and n(B) = 7, then maximum number of elements in A  B is
(a) 7 (b) 5 (c) 12 (d) None of these
Q8. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, then the number of proper subsets of A is
(a) 120 (b) 30 (c) 31 (d) 32
Q9. For any two sets A and B, (A – B)  (B – A) =
(a) (A – B)  A (b) (B – A) B
(c) (A  B) – (A  B) (d) (A  B)  (A  B)
Q10. If X ={8n-7n-1:n𝜖N} and y={49n-49:n𝜖N}, then
(a) X  Y (b) Y  X (c) X = Y (d) X  Y = 
DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195
Q11.Let n(U) = 700, n(A) = 200, n(B) = 300 and n(A  B) = 100, then n(Ac  Bc ) =
(a) 400 (b) 600 (d) 300 (d) 200
Q12. If a set A has n elements, then the total number of subsets of A is
(a) n (b) n2 (c) 2n (d) 2n
Q13. If A and B are two sets, then A  B = A  B iff
(a) A  B (b) B  A (c) A = B (d) None of these
Q14. Let A and B be two sets. Then
(a) A  B  A  B (b) A  B  A  B
(d) A  B = A  B (d) None of these
Q15. Assertion: The number of non-empty subsets of the set {a, b, c, d} are 15.
Reason: Number of non-empty subsets of a set having n elements are 2n – 1.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct: reason is a correct explanation for
assertion.
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct: reason is not a correct explanation for
assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
Q16. Assertion: The subsets of the set {1, {2}} are { }, {1}, {{2}} and {1, {2}}.
Reason: The total number of proper subsets of a set containing n
elements is 2n – 1.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct: reason is a correct explanation for
assertion.
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct: reason is not a correct explanation for
assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
1 2 3 19
Q17. Write set { , , … } is set builder form.
2 3 4 20

Q18. Write the set {x : x Z + , x2< 4} is Roster form.

DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195
Q19. Write (–5, 9] in set-builder form.
Q20. Describe the following sets in Roster form.
(i) The set of all letters in the word ‘ARITHMETIC’.
(ii) The set of all vowels in the word ‘EQUATION’.
Q21.Write set B = {x : x is a two digit number, such that the sum of its digits is 7}
Q22. Are sets A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = { x : xN and 5 ≤ x ≤7} disjoint? Justify?
Q23. If Y = {x: x is a positive factor of the number 2p – 1 (2p – 1), where 2p – 1 is a
prime number}.Write Y in the roaster form.
Q24. For all sets A and B, A ∪ (B – A) = A ∪ B.
Q25. For all sets A and B, A – (A – B) = A ∩ B.
Q26. For all sets A and B, A – (A ∩ B) = A – B.
Q27. For all sets A and B, (A ∪ B) – B = A – B.
Q28. Match the following sets for all sets A, B and C

Column 1 Column II

(i) ((A′ ∪ B′) – A)′ (a) A – B

(ii) [B′ ∪ (B′ – A)]′ (b) A
(iii) (A – B) – (B – C) (c) B
(iv) (A – B) ∩ (C – B) (d) (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
(v) A × (B ∩ C) (e) (A × B) ∪ (A × C)
(vi) A × (B ∪ C) (f) (A ∩ C) – B

Q29. What is represented by the shaded regions in each of the following Venn-
diagrams?

DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195

Q30. If A = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17}
B = { 2, 4, 6, 8 ... 18}, U = {1, 2, 3, ............... 20}
Where U is universal set then find A[(A  B) B
Q31. Two sets A and B are such that
n(A B) = 21, n(A) = 10, n(B) = 15, find n(AB) and n(A – B)
Q32. Let A = {1, 2, 4, 5} B = {2, 3, 5, 6} C = {4, 5, 6, 7} Verify the following identity
A (B C) = (A B)  (A C)
Q33. If U = {x : x N and x ≤ 10}
A = { x : x is prime and x ≤ 10}
B = { x : x is a factor of 24}
Verify the following result
(i) A – B = A  B
(ii) (A B)=A B
(iii) (A B)=AB
Q34. For any sets A and B show that
(i) (A B)  (A–B) =A
(ii) A  (B–A)=A B

DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195

Answer’s
Q1. C Q15. A
Q2. C Q16. B
Q3. B 𝑛
Q17. {𝑥: 𝑥 = , 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁, 𝑛 ≤ 19}
𝑛+1
Q4. C
Q18. {1}
Q5. B
Q19. {x : x  R, –5 < x ≤ 9}
Q6. C
Q20. (i) {A, R, I, T, H, M, E, C} (ii) {E, U, A, I, O}
Q7. C
Q21. {16, 25, 34, 43, 52, 61, 70}
Q8. C
Q22. Yes, because A  B = 
Q9. C
Q23. Y = {1,2, 22 , 23 , … 2𝑝−1 , 2𝑝−1 }
Q10. A
Q28. (i)(b), (ii)(c), (iii)(a), (iv)(f), (v)(d), (vi)(e)
Q11. C
Q29. (A – B)  (B – A) or A  B
Q12. C
Q30.  = {1, 2, 3, ........... 20}
Q13. C
Q31. n(A  B) = 4, n(A – B) = 6
Q14. B

If you want to help us in our next project, you can donate us .Your small contribution will help
us a lot.

DEEPAK BHATT bhattdeepak454 https://t.me/deepakbhatt2195