A Detailed Lesson Plan in Reading and Writing

Grade 11 - ENGLISH

LEARNING COMPETENCY: Distinguishes between and among patterns of development in writing across
disciplines. EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.7
I. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
a. explain problem - solution pattern of development in writing;
b. write a short paragraph highlighting the problem and solutions from the given social issues;
and
c. develop a deeper understanding of the importance of problem - solution pattern by relating it
to real-life situations.

II. SUBJECT MATTER: Patterns of Development in Writing Across Discipline (Problem-solution)

Reference: Grade 11 Reading and Writing Module and Patterns of Development Overview |
College Writing. (n.d.). Courses.lumenlearning.com. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-
esc-wm-englishcomposition1/chapter/text-rhetorical-modes/
Materials: printed pictures, tape, huge puzzle pieces, DIY hangers, visual aids, ppt, markers,
cartolina, DIY box, answer sheets, group placards, speaker with mic, scorecards, DIY group
headbands.

III. PROCEDURES:

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. ELICIT
1. Greetings and opening prayer
Good morning class!
“Good morning ma’am. We are glad to see you.”

Okay, before we start, let us pray first May I request

Myrish to lead the prayer. Myrish: Are you ready to pray classmates?
“Yes, we are ready, in the name of the father, and of
the son, and of the holy spirit amen.”
(Prayer)
Good morning once again students!
Before you take your seats, kindly pick up pieces of
paper under your table or chair.
You may now take your seats.

2. Checking of attendance
Class monitor, is there any absentee from the class
today? Class Monitor: Nobody is absent today ma’am.

Very good!
Everyone is present today.
Very good, so you’ve got a perfect attendance today,
give yourselves a warm round of applause. (Students do the clap.)

3. Setting of Classroom standards

Remember students to follow our classroom rules, let’s
read the rules together.
“S- Speak in English
M- Make efforts
A- Actively Participate
R- Raise your hand if you want to speak
T- Think before you act.”
Let’s try to be smart all through out our lesson.
I hope you will follow the rules all throughout our
lesson. “Yes ma’am.”

4. Checking of assignment
Class, do you have an assignment? “No, we don’t have an assignment ma’am.”

Alright, I see.

5. Review of the past lesson

What did we discuss yesterday class? Scarlet: Yesterday ma’am we discussed about
the cause-and-effect pattern.
Okay that is right, now what is cause and effect
pattern again Yuri? Yuri: Cause ma’am is the reason why something
happened, effect ma’am is the result.

Very good. We already discussed the cause-and-effect

pattern, now we will discuss another pattern or
another method of paragraph development.
But before that, let’s get your minds energized first.

6. Motivation (3 minutes)
Read-Oke! (Music Integration)
Class, get your vocal cords ready because we will do
a very short Read-Oke this afternoon. Let’s start.

Are you familiar with this song?

Yuri: Yes ma’am, Michael Jackson is my favorite
artist ma’am.

Do you like the song? Aleyah: Yes ma’am, because the song tackles about
issues that are relevant and the overall message is
very inspiring.

What can you say about the background videos? Carl: The places are familiar ma’am, I think the
places are in Liloy.

Yes that is right, we will discuss more of that later.

We will have another activity that is still relate dot the
song that we listened to.

LESSON PROPER
B. ENGAGE (5 minutes)
What’s in the Lyrics!
Okay before we start, I will group you into three groups
first. I have here a box, and inside are stickers, you have
to pick a sticker.
The stickers will serve as your group.
(The teacher will assign areas where each group will
occupy.)

We will be using score cards.

Each group will have their score cards. Using score
cards is simple, as you can see, the score card consists of
two columns: one is the activity title and the other one is
the score.
In every group activity that we will do, you will list the
points given to you. At the end of all our activities, you
will total your scores and submit your score cards to me.
I will give your group your identification headbands so I
can easily identify which group you belong.
And I have here your group placards.
I will ask you random questions about the song and the
first group to raise their placard will have the chance to
answer the question, if you fail to get the correct answer,
the other group may steal your chance. Each question is
equivalent to 5 points.

Now, from the song that we listened to; I want each

group to analyze the song.

Again, I will ask you questions, if you answer my

questions correctly, your group gains 5 points.
You have to be quick in raising your placards.

Alright, from the lyrics and video of the song ‘Heal the
World’, can you identify the issues that our local
community is experiencing?
Matcha: From the song that we listened and
watched ma’am, there are a lot of problems Liloy is
experiencing right now, such as plastic pollution,
homeless people in the street, air pollution, black
smoke emitted from vehicles, trees being cut down,
Very good, you pointed the problems that our air pollution and the problem about smoking.
community is experiencing.
(The teacher will give 5 points to team Matcha.)

Team Matcha mentioned about the problems that Liloy

is facing right now, is it possible to heal or overcome
those problems? How?
Mint: Yes ma’am, it’s possible to solve those
problems, one way is to start segregating our
garbage, throw them properly, advocate for a no
smoking campaign, plant trees, and educate one
Very good team Mint. another.
(The teacher will give 5 points to team Mint.)
Those are specific ways to heal our Municipality.
Now, why do you think the world needs healing? Okay
to put it in local context, why do you think Liloy needs
healing?
Lime: According to the song ma’am, the reason
why we need to heal our community is in order to
stop the problems from getting worse and for future
children to enjoy what we are experiencing, to see
Exactly, you got it correctly! the smiles on their faces living in a better world.
(The teacher will give 5 points to team Lime.)
If those problems will not be addressed properly, what
do you think will happen to Liloy?
Matcha: I think ma’am if those problems will not
be addressed, not just Liloy but the whole world
will be endangered, the environment might lose its
beautiful view, people will die because of smoking
and other reasons, including hunger because of
(The teacher will give 5 points to team Matcha.) poverty, and peace will not be felt.
That is right!
Okay so we are done with our first activity, did you
record your scores?
“Yes ma’am”
Very good.

C. EXPLORE (3 minutes)
Why do you think different problems arise? Zeweh: I think ma’am there are problems because
of greed, corruption, inequality, people are not
well-disciplined and others just want to gain power
and rule the world.
That is right Zeweh.
If those challenges or issues remain as problem, would it
be possible to find ways to solve them? Jevy: I think ma’am, it would be too late to solve
them, so we really have to start taking action now
to help our world become a better place to live in.

Very good Jevy. That is why it’s important to solve

those problems so we will not regret it later. Do you
“Yes ma’am.”
agree?

Now class, based on our activity, what do you think is Erl: I think ma’am, our lesson today is all about
our lesson today? Problem-Solution.

D. EXPLAIN (10 minutes)

Very good Erl!
Today we will focus on discussing Problem-Solution
pattern.

Before we discuss further about problem-solution, in

your own opinion, what do you think is problem-
solution pattern? Let’s hear a representative from the
team Matcha. Matcha: Problem-solution ma’am is a way to deal
with problems by finding them and fixing them.
The goal is to solve problems and make things
better by offering useful and helpful solutions.
Okay very good Matcha, now, I want you to think of our
school. Could you give me an example situation that’s
happening here in our school where there is problem-
solution presented? Mint: For example, ma’am, I took an exam, the
problem is, I failed and to solve that, I have to
study very hard next time.
Absolutely, that is right. Thank you sharing your
incredible ideas, those are correct. This time, for you to
understand clearly, let’s read together what exactly is
problem-solution pattern.
Students: Problem-Solution- It is a method of
paragraph development which begins with a topic
sentence that presents a problem and then follows
with details that present a solution to the problem.
Alright, so problem-solution is a pattern that we can use
in writing an essay or paragraph, presenting the problem
or an issue, and followed by possible solutions. It starts
with a topic sentence.

By the way, what do we mean by topic sentence? Myrish: Topic sentence ma’am is what your essay
or paragraph is all about.

Absolutely!
When we say topic sentence, it means the sentence that
tells what your paragraph is all about, it’s the controlling
idea, the gist of the paragraph. Now class, there are steps
in writing problem-solution pattern. Just like in writing
research papers. You have your Practical Research
subject, right?
“Yes ma’am”
What are the steps you follow in writing your research
manuscripts?
Jeff: We have to brainstorm ideas first, and think of
the problems that our community is experiencing.
Choose the topic and title. Followed by writing the
possible solutions ma’am, and support them with
multiple credible sources and then writing the
Good points there Jeff, very good. So, what Jeff shared findings.
is also similar to the four steps in writing problem-
solution pattern, as you can see on the board, but these
are not arranged properly. I’d like to call four students to
arrange the steps.
(Four students will go to the board and arrange the
(After) steps.)

Very well-done students, you successfully arranged the

steps correctly. Everyone, kindly look at the board, and
read together the 4 steps.
Students:
1. State and define the problem
2. Suggest the possible solution
3. Evaluate the solutions
Who would like to give her own explanation of the 4. Make a recommendation
steps? Yes Liralyn?
Liralyn: The first step ma’am is we need to write
what is our problem all about, and why is it
consider a problem. Then we need to think of our
solutions ma’am in order to solve the problem, and
we need to check ma’am whether our solutions are
correct, and lastly, we need to recommend which
Exactly, thank you for that Liralyn. solution is the best.
So, to sum it up class, in writing using the problem-
solution pattern, we have to clearly present the issue or
problem, and then we have to suggest solutions, after
that, we need to evaluate the solutions presents whether
they are realistic, measurable, and parallel to the
problem stated. Lastly, we have to make
recommendations, this is where your conclusion is, you
can emphasize which of the solutions is best, or are all
of the solutions better? Why?
Are the steps clear?
“Yes ma’am.”
It’s important to follow these steps when we use the
problem-solution pattern in writing to organize our
ideas.

Hang in There!
I have here two hangers, one hanger is for problem and
the other one is for solution. We will read an example
using this pattern, and you will identify the problem and
the solution presented in the paragraph. Everyone,
kindly read the example.

Students: Plastic waste pollution refers to the

accumulation of discarded plastic materials in the
environment, causing harm to ecosystems and
wildlife. It is a major environmental concern, with
millions of tons ending up in oceans each year and
harming marine life. The problem is caused by the
 widespread use of single-use plastics, which are
often discarded improperly. Solutions include
encouraging reusable alternatives, implementing
stricter regulations, and raising public awareness
about the negative impacts of plastic waste and
responsible disposal practices. These steps can help
reduce plastic waste pollution and protect the
environment for future generations.

What’s the main problem based on what you’ve read? Aleyah: The problem ma’am is about Plastic waste
pollution being a major environmental concern,
with millions of tons ending up in oceans each year
and harming marine life.

Very well said, how about the solution? CJ: The solutions ma’am are: encouraging reusable
alternatives, implementing stricter regulations, and
raising public awareness about the negative impacts
of plastic waste and responsible disposal practices.

Okay take a look at the paragraph again, and the steps in

writing a problem-solution paragraph.
Is the problem clearly defined and stated? And which Ranette: Yes, ma’am in the first part, ‘Plastic
part can we read it? waste pollution refers to the accumulation of
discarded plastic materials in the environment,
causing harm to ecosystems and wildlife. It is a
major environmental concern, with millions of tons
ending up in oceans each year and harming marine
life.’
Very good. And the rest of the steps were also followed
right? “Ye ma’am!”

Case-solution!
Very good, I have already given you an example
paragraph, now it’s your turn this time to give your own
example. I have here three briefcases. Each of this
briefcase has a hidden picture. Once the picture is
revealed, you have to think what’s the problem depicted
in the picture, and think of possible solutions. The group
with the highest points so far will choose first. The
group with the most accurate explanation will gain 5
points.

Mint: The problem ma’am is being addicted to

playing mobile games. The solution ma’am is, we
should use our phones with moderation.

Matcha: The problem ma’am is bullying in school.

To solve it, I should report it to the guidance
councilor.

Lime: The problem ma’am is the noisy and

disrespectful students. To solve this, students must
always respect the teachers.

Very good, all groups did a wonderful job there.

Remember class, problem-solution pattern is like a
puzzle. The disarranged pieces is the problem, and in
order to solve the problem, we have to follow certain
steps. The solution is to gather the pieces together to
form a whole picture. Do you get it now?
“Yes ma’am.”
Good to hear that, is there any clarification? “None ma’am.”

E. ELABORATE (15 minutes)

Write-ups!
In the same group, you are given the task to write a short
paragraph highlighting the problem and solution based
on the given real-life issues. You have to follow the
steps in writing problem-solution pattern. I will
distribute cards to determine what issue is assigned to
your group.
Group 1 (Lime)- Environmental issue in Liloy
(Pollution)
Group 2 (Mint)- Health issue in Liloy (Smoking)
Group 3 (Matcha)- Environmental issue (cutting of
trees)
I will give you 5 minutes to write your paragraph, and 2
minutes for your practice.

Be guided by the rubrics here (See Attachment B).

Once you’re done, each group must present their work

in front, and each group must read aloud their
paragraph.

Okay let’s start our presentation. (Each group will present their work.)

(After)
Okay, very good everyone for a job well done activity.
(The teacher will announce the scores of each group and
will award the winners.)
GENERALIZATION (3 minutes)
Questions
A. What are the steps in writing a problem-solution
paragraph? Carl: The steps in writing problem-solution
paragraph ma’am are: state and define the problem,
suggest the possible solution, evaluate the
solutions, and make a recommendation.
B. How important is it to follow the steps in writing a
problem-solution paragraph? Francis: It is very important to follow the steps in
writing a problem-solution paragraph to ensure that
the solution is well-supported and effectively
addresses the problem.

C. Why is the problem-solution pattern of development

important in real-life writing scenarios?
Eujen: It is important ma’am because it helps to
provide practical solutions and address issues
effectively.

F. EVALUATION (5 minutes)
QUIZ TIME!
Instructions: Read carefully the questions below. Circle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which method of paragraph development begins with a topic sentence which presents a problem and
follows with details presenting a solution?
a) Cause and effect
b) Problem-Solution
c) Compare and contrast
d) Narration
2. What is the first step in writing a problem-solution paragraph?
a) Suggesting possible solutions
 b) Evaluating the solutions
c) Making a recommendation
d) Stating and defining the problem
3. Which step in writing a problem-solution paragraph involves assessing the effectiveness of the proposed
solutions?
a) State and define the problem
b) Suggest the possible solution
c) Evaluate the solutions
d) Make a recommendation
4. How does the problem-solution pattern of development contribute to effective communication in real-life
situations?
a) It provides a systematic approach to propose practical solutions.
b) It helps writers to express their personal biases and preferences.
c) It allows writers to present complex ideas in a simplified manner.
d) It enables writers to entertain readers with engaging anecdotes.
5. Why is the problem-solution pattern of development valuable in real-life writing scenarios?
a) It allows writers to showcase their extensive vocabulary and language skills.
b) It helps writers to present multiple perspectives without offering solutions.
c) It provides a structured framework for addressing and resolving real-world problems.
d) It enables writers to focus solely on describing the causes of various issues.

G. EXTEND
Instructions: Look for latest news online or on TV. Analyze three chosen news articles and identify the
problem-solution structure used. Use the concept map below as your guide. Do this on a short
bond paper.
Headline of the News Article Problem Solution
News Article 1

News Article 1

News Article 3
Remarks:

Prepared by:

MAYVEL A. COMBISTA
Student Teacher

Checked by:

MON REY B. DURAN MARY GRACE S. ABSIN SIMON PETER TORIBIO

Teacher III Teacher I Teacher II
 Attachment A

Problem-Solution- It is a method of paragraph development which begins with a topic sentence that presents a
problem and then follows with details that present a solution to the problem.

Steps in Writing Problem-Solution Paragraph

1. State and define the problem- Briefly, clearly, and simply explain what the problematic issue is and why it
should be treated as a problem.

2. Suggest the possible solution- Present the reader with at least two possible solutions to the problem. The
solutions should be acceptable, realistic, reliable and mutually exclusive. Otherwise, there is no point in
suggesting them as solutions.

3. Evaluate the solutions- Discuss the advantages (strengths) and the disadvantages (weaknesses) of the
solutions. Your aim is to make your reader understand why one solution is better than the other(s). However,
keep in mind that your solutions should be effective; otherwise, you wouldn’t have suggested them in the first
place.

4. Make a recommendation- If you think that one opinion is better (the best) and the other, state directly which
of the solutions in your opinion is better (the best) and why. You may also suggest that solutions be
implemented together to overcome or prevent a problem.
 Attachment B

Rubrics for the Write-ups Activity

10 -7 6-4 3-1
Content - describe clearly - describe the - did not describe
(10 points) the problem and problem and clearly the
present more than present 2 problem and only
2 solutions solutions present 1 solution
- all sentences are - most of the -sentences have
correct sentences are errors
correct
Language -all sentences are - most of the -sentences have
skills correct (grammar, sentences are errors
(10 points) punctuation) correct
(grammar,
punctuation)
Presentation - representatives - representatives - representatives
and creativity were prepared and were slightly were not prepared
(5 points) used clear and prepared and used and had vague
audible voice clear and audible voices
-answers were voice -answers were
correct and well -answers were incorrect and not
communicated correct but not communicated well
- the given activity communicated -the given activity
was performed well was not creatively
creatively -the given activity performed
was performed
creatively
Overall - exceedingly - interesting - boring
performance interesting - most of the - less participation
(5 points) - all members in the members in the of the group
group participated group participated members in the
the group work the group work group work