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(Demonstrated in Your Project Reports) : Introduction To Workstudy Section 1

Quality improvement

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7 views12 pages

(Demonstrated in Your Project Reports) : Introduction To Workstudy Section 1

Quality improvement

Uploaded by

221051155
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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WORK STUDY THE SYLLABUS

(demonstrated in your project reports)

INTRODUCTION TO WORKSTUDY APPLICATIONS & TECHNIQUES


SECTION 1 SECTION 2

- Intro to Work Study - Work Measurement


- Productivity - PMTS – MTM
- The Human Factor - Synthesis, Analytical Estimation &,
- Working Conditions & Activity Sampling
Environment - MODAPTS
- Method Study - Ergonomics
- Time Study - Value Analysis
- Work Study and Management
- Possibility Guides
WORK STUDY 202

SYNTHESIS
&
ANALYTICAL ESTIMATING
Synthesis as a work measurement tool*

Synthesis: Synthesis is a work measurement technique for


building up the time for a job, or parts of a job, at a defined level
of performance, by totaling element times obtained previously
from time studies on other jobs containing the elements
concerned or from synthetic data.

Synthetic data: Are tables and formulae derived from the


analysis of accumulated work measurement data, arranged in a
form suitable for building up standard time, machine process
times, etc… by synthesis.
Justification for using Synthesis
• Often a work study officials will find that new work-study
would involve a repetition of previous time studies done. For
this reason redoing them would prove inefficient.

• Taylor propagated the use of standard data, saying:

“No time study could be regarded as successful if it did not


enable the work study officer after some lapse of time to
estimate accurately the production times required for
repetitive elements.”

• Thus synthetic data should be made use of whenever


possible keeping in mind applicable conditions.
Usefulness / advantages of Synthesis*
1. Reduced cost of application on direct time studies.
2. More reliable due to a large inclusive database of time studies.
3. Eliminate the need for prolonged individual time studies.
4. They are of value in estimating time standards for production planning
and estimating for quotation purposes.
5. They are useful in planning teamwork activities, such as assembly line,
to reduce imbalance.
6. They are an aid in the layout of plant and workplaces.
7. They are useful in research projects.
8. They are a guide to product and effective tool design.
9. They establish standard times prior to production.
10. Assist in determining the best possible method prior to production.
Essentials in compiling synthetic times*
In compiling synthetic times, it is important that data captured is
timed under:
1. Identical conditions i.e.,
a) Similar methods were / are used
b) Similar equipment were / are used
c) Element breakdown are similar

2. Identical Elements. Elements are identified as follows:


a) Elements identical from job to job
b) Elements similar in nature (characteristics / properties of the product)
c) Elements controlled by the physical or technical characteristics of
the material and process (feeds, speeds, depth of cut etc…)
Analytical Estimation & work measurement*
Estimation: In work-study, estimation refers to the means for assessing the
time required to carry out work, based on knowledge and experience of
similar types of work, without a detailed breakdown of the work into elements
and their corresponding times at a defined level of performance.

Analytical estimation: Analytical estimation is a work measurement


technique, developed from estimation, where the time required to carry out
elements of a job at a defined level of performance is estimated, partly from;

1. Knowledge of elements concerned

2. Practical experience of the job and

3. Complied Synthetic Data.


Application areas of Analytical Estimation*
• Due to a lack an adequate and efficient manner in handling work
measurement of project related activities such as, short production
runs, machine service, workshop work etc…,

• The need to develop a technique for this became apparent.

• Thus analytical estimation lends itself to areas where;

1. Non-repetitive work is prevalent

2. Maintenance work

3. Jobbing work

4. Large project based work.


Summary of Important uses of Anly. Est.:
1. Analytical estimating can the used as a basis for quotations.
2. It can be used to improve production planning.
3. It can be used for preventive maintenance.
4. It can provide a basis for preparing schedule.
5. It assists with labor control of worker performance.
6. Assists in design and plant layout.
7. It assists critical examination in method study.
8. It assists in drawing up multiple activity charts.
9. It can be used to standardize and simplify methods.
10. It provides a basis for incentive schemes on non-repetitive work.
11. Provide standard times for short production runs/new processes.
Detailed Uses of
Analytical Est.
referenced from
lecture 7 notes.
Limitations of Analytical Estimating (AE)
1. Standard times compiled by means of AE lack necessary
accuracy for repetitive work.

2. Unsuitable for continuous production bonus schemes since they


lack the accuracy required.

3. Regarded as unsuitable for determining standard times as


required by a standard costing system.

4. It is unsafe for use by inexperienced work study men.

5. Accuracy of times depends on the estimator's ability.

6. Difficult to assess certain maintenance standards.


RECAP

What have we learnt today


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