Chapter – 1

Motion

In Text Questions-Pg-100

Q. 1 An object has moved through a distance. Can it have zero

S
displacement? If yes, support your answer with an example.

D I
Ans.: Yes, even if an object has moved through a distance, it can have
zero displacement. This can happen if, after moving through a certain

N
distance, the moving object comes back to the same position from where

A A
it started from. For example, in going from home to school and coming

O y
I
back to home, some distance is traveled but displacement is zero because
the initial and final point are the same(The person is leaving from home

R T p
and coming back to home)

P CA Co
Another Example:- Athlete running in a circular track after completing
one round comes back to the starting position, he has covered a certain

© U t
distance(equal to circumference of the circle ) but the displacement is
zero(because the straight line distance between the athletes final and

D
starting position will be zero)

E N o
Q.2 A farmer moves along the boundary of a square field of side 10 m in
40 s. What will be the magnitude of displacement of the farmer at the end

o
of 2 minutes 20 seconds from his initial position?

D
Ans.:
Side of the given square field = 10m
Perimeter of a square = 4Xside = 10 m X 4 = 40 m
Farmer takes 40 s to move along the boundary.
Displacement after 2 minutes 20 s = 2 X 60 s + 20 s = 140 seconds
since in 40 s farmer moves 40 m
Therefore, in 1s the distance covered by farmer = 40 / 40 m = 1m

S
Therefore, in 140s distance covered by farmer = 1 X140 m = 140 m.

I
Now, number of rotation to cover 140 along the boundary= Total Distance

D
/ Perimeter
= 140 m / 40 m = 3.5 round

A N
Thus, after 3.5 round farmer will at point C of the field.

A O y
Therefore, Displacement AC = √(10𝑚)2 + (10𝑚)2

= √200𝑚2

T I
= √100𝑚2 + 100𝑚2

R p
P CA Co
10
= √2 m
= 10 × 1.414 = 14.14m

© U t
Thus, after 2 min 20 seconds, the displacement of the farmer will be equal

D o
to 14.14 m northeast from the initial position.

E N
Q.3 Which of the following is true for displacement?

o
(a) It cannot be zero.
(b) Its magnitude is greater than the distance travelled by the object.

D
Ans.: (a) The first statement is false as the displacement can be zero in
the case where initial and final positions are common.
(b) The magnitude of displacement can never be greater than the distance
travelled by the object it is either equal or smaller. So, the second
statement is also false.
 In Text Questions-Pg-102

Q.1 Distinguish between speed and velocity.

Ans.:

S
Speed Velocity.

I
Speed is the described as the Velocity is described as the

D
distance traveled by an object per distance traveled by an object per
unit time unit time in a particular direction

A N
Direction of the motion of the Direction of the motion of the

O y
object is not specified object is specified

A I
Speed is a scalar quantity as a Velocity is a vector quantity as

R
result it only has magnitude result it has both magnitude and

P CA Co T p
Velocity is a vector quantity as
result it has both magnitude a
Speed is always positive
direction

Velocity can be positive or

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negative

D o
Q.2 Under what condition(s) is the magnitude of average velocity of an

E N
object equal to its average speed?
Ans: The magnitude of average velocity of an object is equal to its

o
average speed only under following condition:

D
When an object moves along a straight line in the same direction, its total
path length is the magnitude of displacement. Hence its average speed is
equal to the magnitude of average velocity.

Q.3 What does the odometer of an automobile measure?

Ans.: Odometer is a device that measures the distance travelled by an
automobile based on the perimeter of the wheel as the wheel rotates. The
odometer gives us only the number it does not show us the direction of
velocity. The odometer measure the scalar quantity – the speed of the car.

Q.4 What does the path of an object look like when it is in uniform
motion?
Ans.: An object possess a uniform motion if it travels equal distances in

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equal intervals of time then no matter how small these time intervals are.

I
This refers that while having a uniform motion, speed is constant but the

D
direction of motion may vary. Unless the speed remains same, the object
may have any path: it may be straight line path, a curved path, a circular

A N
path or even a zig-zag path.Below is the example of an object moving in

O y
uniform motion:-

R A T I p
P CA Co
© U t
D
E N o
D o
Q.5 During an experiment, a signal from a spaceship from the ground
station in 5 minutes.What was the distance of the spaceship from the
ground station? The signal travels at the speed of light i.e., 3×10 8 ms-1.

Ans.: As we know,
 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑
Speed = (i)
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛

Given, Speed = 3×10 8 ms-1

Distance travelled =?

Time taken = 5 minutes

S
= 5×60

= 300 seconds

D I
N
Now we put the values in equation (i), we get

=
A O y
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑

A I
300

R T p
Distance travelled = 3×10 8× 300

P CA Co
= 9 ×1010m

© U t
Therefore, the distance of spaceship from the ground station is 9 ×10 10
metres.

D
E N o In Text Questions-Pg-103

D o
Q. 1 When will you say a body is in?
(i) Uniform acceleration?
(ii) Non - uniform acceleration?
Ans.: (i) If a body travels in a straight line and its velocity changes by
equal amounts in equal intervals of time, however small these time
intervals may be, then the body is said to be in uniform acceleration.
(ii) When a body moves with a unequal velocity in equal interval of time,
the body is said to be moving with non-uniform acceleration.

Q.2 A bus decreases its speed from 80 km h-1 to 60 km h-1 in 5s. Find the
acceleration of the bus.
Ans.: When a moving vehicle decreases its speed by applying breaks, the

S
phenomenon is called de-acceleration.

I
Firstly, we will change the speed from km/h to m/s, as the given time is

D
in seconds.

A N
Initial speed, u = 80 km/h (Given)

A O y
(We know 1km=1000m and 1hour=3600 seconds)
=
80 ×1000𝑚

R
60×60 𝑠

T I p
P CA Co
= 22.22 m/s (i)
Final speed of bus, v = 60 km/h(Given)(We know 1km=1000m and 1

© U t
hour=3600 seconds)
60 ×1000𝑚

D
=

o
60×60 𝑠

E N
= 16.67 m/s ….(ii)
Time taken, t = 5 sec (iii)

o
As we know, from first equation of motion that v= u + a × t

D
Acceleration, a =
𝑣−𝑢
𝑡
16.66−22.22
Putting the Values from (i) ,(ii) and (iii) a =
5
−5.56
a=
5

a = -1.11m/𝑠 2
Here, negative sign shows the retardation in the sped off bus due to
application of brakes.

Q. 3 A train starting from a railway station and moving with uniform

acceleration attains a speed of 40 km h-1 in 10 minutes. Find its
acceleration.

S
Ans.: Initial speed, u = 0 (As it starts from rest)

D I
Final speed, v = 40 km/h (Given in Question)
We know 1 km=1000 m and 1 hour=60 x 60 seconds)

A N
we get final speed in terms of m/s as:

A O y
I
40 ×1000𝑚
=

R T
60×60 𝑠

P CA Co
= 11.11m/s
And, p
© U t
Time taken, t = 10 minutes (Given in Question)
= 10 × 60 seconds (As 1 Minute= 60 Seconds)

D
E N
= 600 s o
o
Formula used:

D
by the first equation of motion,v = u + a × t where v, Final velocity u
initial velocity t, time taken to reach to final velocity a, acceleration of
the trainBy rearranging the Equation , we get
𝑣−𝑢
a=
𝑡
11.11−0
a=
600
 11.11
a=
600

a = 0.0185 m/s2 or 0.067 km/ min

In Text Questions-Pg-107

I S
Q. 1 What is the nature of the distance time graphs for uniform and non-
uniform motion of an object?

D
Ans.: Distance-time graph is the plot of distance travelled by a body

A N
against time. So it will tell us about the journey made by a body and its
speed.

A I O y
(i) As in uniform motion, the distance time graph would be a straight line

R
along with some slope, because the equal distance is covered in equal
units of time.

P CA Co T p
© U t
D
E N o
(ii) For a non-uniform motion of an object, its distance-time graph is a

o
curved line with an increasing or decreasing slope.

D
Q. 2 What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance time
graph is a straight line parallel to the time-axis?
Ans.: If the distance-time graph of an object is a straight line parallel to
the time axis, it indicates that the distance of the object is same from its
initial position at all intervals of time. Since the object makes no change
in the distance from its initial position, hence this states that the object is
not moving. The object is at rest.

I S
Q.3 What can you say about the motion of an object if its speed-time

D
graph is a straight line parallel to the time axis?
Ans.: If the speed-time graph of an object is a straight line parallel to the

A N
time axis, then the speed of the object remains constant at every instant of

A O y
time. Hence, we can say that the object is moving with the constant speed

I
(or uniform speed). There is no acceleration at all.

R
P CA Co T p
Q.4 What is the quantity which is measured by the area occupied below
the velocity-time graph?

© U t
Ans.: The slope of the line on a velocity-time graph reveals useful
information about the acceleration of the object. The magnitude of
distance is measured by the area occupied under the velocity-time graph.

D
E N o
D o
 In Text Questions-Pg-109
Q. 1 A bus starting from rest moves with a uniform acceleration of 0.1
ms-2 for 2 minutes. Find:
(a) The speed acquired.
(b) The distance travelled.

S
Ans.: a) The speed acquired:

I
Given,

A D
Initial speed, u = 0 (As it starts from rest)
Final speed, v =?

N
A I O y
Acceleration, a = 0.1 m/s2

R T p
Time, t = 2 minutes

P CA Co
= 2 × 60 seconds
= 120s

© U t
Final velocity, v = 0 + 0.1 × 120

D o
= 12 m/s

E N
Therefore, the speed acquired by the bus is 12 m/s

o
(b) The distance travelled:

D
We know that,
1
Distance travelled, s = ut + at2
2
1
= 0 × 120 + × 0.1 × (120)2
2
1
= 0 + × 0.1 × 14400
2
= 720 m
Therefore, the distance travelled by the bus is 720 metres.

Q. 2 A train is traveling at a speed of 90 km h-1. Brakes are applied so as

to produce a uniform acceleration of, -0.5 ms-2. Find how far the train will
go before it is brought to rest.

I S
Ans.: Initial speed, u = 90 km/h2

D
(Converting it into m/s, We know 1km=1000m and 1 hour= 3600
seconds)
=

A
60×60𝑠
A
90×1000𝑚

N
O y
= 25 m/s

R T I p
P CA Co
Final speed, v = 0 (As the train stops)

© U t
Acceleration, a = -0.5 m/s2(As the brakes are being applied the speed is
reducing)

D o
And,

E N
Distance traveled, s =? (To be Calculated)

o
Now, v2 = u2 + 2as

D
(0)2 = (25)2 + 2 × (-0.5) × s
0 = 625 – 1 × s
0 = 625 - s
∴s = 625 m (Taking s on the other side will make it positive)
Therefore, 625 meters is the distance traveled by the train before it is
brought to rest.
Q.3 A trolley, while going down an inclined plane, has an acceleration of
2 cm s-2. What will be its velocity 3 s after the start?
Ans.: Given,
Initial velocity, u = 0
Final velocity, v =?
Acceleration, a = 2 cm/s2
And,

I S
D
Time, t = 3s

A N
We know that,

A I O y
v = u + at

R T p
=0+2×3

P CA Co
= 6 cm/s
Therefore, after 3 seconds the velocity of trolley will be 6 cm/s.

© U t
D
Q. 4 A racing car has a uniform acceleration of 4 m s-2. What distance will

E N
Ans.: Given,o
it cover in 10 s after start?

o
Initial velocity, u = 0

D
Acceleration, a = 4 m/s2
And,
Time, t = 10 s
Distance covered, s =?
1
Now, s = ut + at2
2
 1
= 0 × 10 + × 4 × (10)2
2

= 0 + 2 × 100
= 200 m
Therefore, in 10 seconds racing car will covered a distance of 200 m.

I S
Q.5 A stone is thrown in vertically upward direction with a velocity of 5
ms-1. If the acceleration of the stone during its motion is 10 ms-2 in the

D
downward direction, what will be the height attained by the stone and how

A N
much time will it take to reach there?

O y
Ans.: u, = 5

R A
a, = -10

T I p
P CA Co
v, = 0
By using

© U t
v= u +at
0 = 5+(-10)T

D
-5 = -10 T

E N
t = 1/2=0.5o
o
1
s= ut+ at2
2

D
s = 5(1/2) + 1/2(-10) ×1/4
s = (5/2-5/4) m
s = (10 - 5/4) m
s = 5/4 m
s = 1.25m
Exercise-Pg-112

Q.1 An athlete completes one round of a circular track of diameter 200 m

in 40 s. What will be the distance covered and the displacement at the end
of 2 minutes 20 s?
Ans.: Given, Total time = 2 minutes 20 seconds

I S
= 2 × 60 + 20 (As 1 Minute= 60 Seconds)

D
= 120 + 20

A N
= 140 seconds

A O y
According to Question,

R I
In 40 Seconds ⇒ 1 Round is completed

T p
P CA Co
1
∴In 140 Seconds ⇒ × 140 = 3.5𝑅𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑠
40

© U t
D
E N o
o
(a) Calculation of Distance Covered in 3.5 Rounds

D
Diameter of circular track = 200m (Given)
∴Radius of circular track, (r) = 100m( Diameter/2)
Now, Distance covered in 1 round = Circumference of the circular track
= 2πr
22
=2× × 100
7
= 628.57 m
∴ Distance covered in 3.5 Rounds = 628.57 X 3.5= 2200 m
(b) As the athlete makes 3.5 rounds of the circular track, Suppose he starts
from point A then after completing the 3 rounds he will be at the same
point A. On starting again from the same point(Point A) and makes the
remaining half round then he will reach at the point B. Therefore, the

S
displacement of the athlete will be equal to the diameter of the track i.e.,

I
200m.

A D N
A I O y
R
P CA Co T p
Q. 2 Joseph jogs from one end A to the other end B of a straight 300 m

© U t
road in 2 minutes 50 seconds and then turns around and jogs 100 m back
to point C in another 1 minute. What are Joseph’s average speeds and

D o
velocities in jogging?

E N
(a) From A to B

o
(b) From A to C

D
Ans. : Firstly, we have to draw a line segment to show the movement of
Joseph during his jogging:

(a) Given,
Total distance from A to B = 300 m
Total time taken from A to B = 2 minutes 30 seconds

= 2 × 60 + 30
= 120 + 30

S
= 150 s

=
D I
Average speed (from A to B)
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
=
300𝑚
= 2.0𝑚/𝑠 …….(i)

A N
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 150𝑠

A I O y
The displacement and the time were taken of Joseph is the same in going

R T p
from A to B i.e., 300m and 170 s respectively.

P CA Co
© U t
Therefore, Average velocity (from A to B) =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 300𝑚
= = = 2.0𝑚/𝑠 …….(i)

D
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 150𝑠

E N o
So, from (i) and (ii) it is clear that the average speed and average velocity
of Joseph during his jogging are the same.

D o
(b) Given,
Total distance from A to C = 300 + 100= 400 m
Total time = 2 minutes 30 seconds + 1 minutes
= 150 s + 60 s (As we Know 1 Minute= 60 seconds)
= 210 s
Average Speed (from A to C) =
 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 400𝑚
= = = 1.90𝑚/𝑠 …….(iii)
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 210𝑠

Now the average velocity of Joseph from A to C:

Displacement = 300 – 100= 200 m
Total time taken is the same as that of the time taken from A to C i.e., 210
s (Calculated Above)

S
Average velocity (from A to C) =

D I
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛
=
300𝑚−100𝑚
210𝑠
=
200𝑚
210𝑠
= 0.952 m/s

A N
O y
From (iii) and (iv) it is clear that the average speed of Joseph is different

A I
from his average velocity.

R
P CA Co T p
Q. 3 Abdul, while driving to school, computes the average speed for his
trip to be 20 km h-1. On his return trip along the same route, there is less

© U t
traffic and the average speed is 30 km h-1. What is the average speed for
Abdul’s trip?

starts
D
E N o
Ans.: Let us assume the school to be at distance x km from where Abdul

Suppose the time taken while driving to school is t1

Given,

D o
Average speed = 20 km/h

Speed =
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝑥
20=
𝑡1
𝑥
Time taken = 𝑡1 = (1)
20
On returning from the trip the average speed is 30 km/h
Let, the time taken for the return trip is t 2
𝑥
30=
𝑡2
𝑥
Time taken = 𝑡2 = (2)
30

Now, total distance of the whole trip from going to trip to returning back

I S
to school is:

D
Total distance = x + x

N
= 2x Km (3)

A O y
Adding (1) and (2) to get the total time

A
back to school

T I
Total Time taken = Time taken to go to college +Time taken to return

R p
P CA Co
𝑥 𝑥
+
20 30

© U t
Solving this equation
3𝑥+2𝑥

D
=

o
60

E N
5𝑥
= …(i)
60

o
Now, we will calculate the average speed of the whole trip:

D
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑
Average speed =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛
2𝑥×60
=
50

= 24 km/h
Therefore, the average speed for Abdul’s whole trip from going from to
school to return back is 24 Km/h.

Q. 4 A motorboat starting from rest on a lake accelerates in a straight line

at a constant rate of 3.0 ms-2 for 8.0 s. How far does the boat travel during
this time?

S
Ans.: Given,

D I
Initial speed, u = 0 (As the boat is starting from rest)
Time, t = 8.0 s(Given)

A N
Acceleration, a = 3.0 m/s2 (Given)

A O y
I
We know that,

R T p
1 ×𝑎×𝑡 2
s = ut +

P CA Co
2

Putting the values in above equation

© U t
1 ×3×82
s= 0×8+ = 96m
2

D o
Therefore, total distance travelled by boat is 96m.

E N
Q. 5 A driver of a car travelling at 52 km h-1 applies the brakes and

o
accelerates uniformly in the opposite direction. The car stops in 5 s.

D
Another driver going at 3 km h-1 in another car applies his brakes slowly
and stops in 10 s. On the same graph paper, plot the speed versus time
graphs for the two cars. Which of the two cars travelled farther after the
brakes were applied?
Ans.: Firstly, for the first car:
Initial speed, u = 52 km/h
(We know that 1 km=1000 m and 1 hour=3600 seconds)
 52×1000𝑚
=
60×60 𝑠

= 14.4 m s-1 (i)

Final speed, v = 0 (As the car stops) (ii)
Time taken, t = 5 s (iii)
Now, for the second car:

I S
Initial speed, u = 3 km/h

D
(We know that 1 km=1000 m and 1 hour=3600 seconds)

N
= 0.833 m/s (iv)

A O y
Final speed, v = 0 (As the car stops) (v)

A T I
Time taken, t = 10 s (vi)

R p
In the graph, we will plot time taken in X-axis and speed in the Y-axis. In

P CA Co
the graph the sloping point AB is the speed-time graph for the first car and
the sloping point CD is the speed-time graph for the second car.

© U t
D
E N o
D o
Now we have to find the distance travelled under the graph line AB =
Area under triangle AOB
1
= × base × height
2
1
= × 5 × 14.4
2

= 36 m (vii)

I S
Now we will find the distance travelled under the line CD = Area under
triangle COD
1
2
1

A D
= × base × height

N
O y
= × 0.833 × 10

A I
2

R T p
= 4.1 m (viii)

P CA Co
Therefore, from (vii) and (viii) it is clear that the first car travels farther

© U t
as compared to the second car after the application of brakes.

D o
Q. 6 The figure shows the distance-time graphs of three objects A, B and

E N
C. Study the graphs and answer the following questions:

o
(a) Which of the three is travelling the fastest?

D
(b) Are all three ever at the same point on the road?
(c) How far has C travelled when B passes A?
(d) How far has B travelled by the time it passes C?
 I S
D
Answer :

N
(a) The slope of distance time graph of the moving objects represents the

A A
speed of those objects.Greater the slope of an object, higher is its speed.

O y
I
Now, in the given figure we can see that the slope of distance time graph

R T p
of object B is the maximum, hence object B has the maximum speed.

P CA Co
In other words the object B is traveling with the fastest speed.

© U t
(b) In order to be at the same point on the road, the respective distance
and time values for all the three moving objects need to be the same. Since

D
E N o
the distance time graph lines of the three objects A, B, and C do not cross
at any point, therefore, the three objects are never at the same point on the
road.

o
(c) We can see from the given figure that when B passes A at point D,

D
then the C is at point E.
So, if we locate the distance corresponding to point E on the Y-axis, we
would find that it is 6.5 km.
Thus, C has traveled 6.5 km when B passes A.

(d) The distance time graphs of B and C meet at point F.

If we locate the distance corresponding to point F on the Y-axis, we will
find that it is 5 km.
Thus, B has traveled 5 km by the time it passes C.

Q. 7 A ball is gently dropped from a height of 20 m. If its velocity

increases uniformly at the rate of 10 m s-2, with what velocity will it strike

S
the ground? After what time will it strike the ground?
Ans.: Given,

D I
Initial velocity, u = 0 (As the ball is dropped from rest)

A N
Final velocity, v =?

A O y
I
Acceleration, a = 10 m/s2

R T
Distance, s = 20 m

P CA Co
We know that,
p
© U t
v2 = u2 + 2as
v2 = (0)2 + 2 × 10 × 20

D o
v2 = 0 + 400

E N
v2 = 400

o
v = √400𝑚

D
v = 20 m/s
Now we have to calculate the time taken:

We know that:
v = u + at
20 = 0 + 10 × t
10t = 20
20
t=
10

t=2s
Therefore, after 2 seconds the ball will strike the ground.

I S
Q. 8 The speed-time graph for a car is shown here.

D
(a) Find how far does the car travel in the first 4 seconds. Shade the area
on the graph that represents the distance travelled by the car during this

A N
period.

A I O y
(b) Which part of the graph represents uniform motion of the car?

R
P CA Co T p
© U t
D
E N o
Ans.: (a) The distance travelled by the car in the first 4 seconds is given
by the area between the speed time curve and the time axis from t = 0 to t

o
=4s

D
This area of the distance time graph which represents the distance
travelled by the car
 I S
A D N
A I O y
R
P CA Co T p
© U t
D
In order to find the distance travelled by the car in the first 4 seconds, we

E N o
have to count the number of squares in the shaded part of the graph and
also calculate the distance represented by one square of the graph paper.

D o
We will now calculate the distance represented by 1 square of the graph.
If we look at the X-axis, we find that 5 squares on X-axis represent a time
of 2 seconds.
5 squares on X-axis = 2 s
2
1 square on X-axis = s (i)
5

Now, if we look at the Y-axis,

We find that 3 squares on Y-axis represent a speed of 2 m/s
Now, 3 squares on Y-axis = 2 m/s
2
1 square on Y-axis = m/s (ii)
3
2
Since, 1 square on X-axis represents s and 1 square on Y-axis represent
5
2
ms-1

S
5

I
2 2
Therefore, Area of 1 square on graph = ×
5 3

D
4
= m

A N
15
4

O y
63 square represents distance = × 63

A I
15

R
= 16.8 m

P CA Co T p
Therefore, the car travels a distance of 16.8 m in the first 4 seconds.

© U t
(b) In uniform motion, the speed of car becomes constant. The constant
speed is represented by a speed time graph line which is parallel to the

D o
time axis. In the given figure, the straight line graph from t = 6 s to t= 10

E N
s represents the uniform motion of the car. The part of graph representing
uniform motion has been labelled AB.

D o
Q. 9 State which of the following situations are possible and give an
example for each of these:
(a) An object with a constant acceleration but zero velocity.
(b) An object moving in a certain direction with an acceleration in the
perpendicular direction.
Ans.: (a) The above given situation is possible. For example, when a ball
is thrown up at maximum height, it has zero velocity, although it will have
constant acceleration due to gravity, which is equal to 9.8 m/s2. This
situation can be explained by the given graph below

I S
A D N
A O y
(b) The above given situation can be seen in the following example:

R T I p
When a car is moving in a circular track, its acceleration is perpendicular

P CA Co
to its direction.This situation can be explained by the given graph below.

© U t
D
E N o
D o
Q. 10 An artificial satellite is moving in a circular orbit of radius 42250
km. Calculate its speed if it takes 24 hours to revolve around the earth.
Ans.:
We know that,
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Speed = (i)
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
As the Satellite is moving in a circular orbit ∴ the Distance =
Circumference of the OrbitWe know that Circumference= 2πr (ii)where
r= radius o
22
π= (It is a constant)
7

According to Question
Radius, r = 42250 km

I S
Putting the value of r in (ii)

D
We get Circumference = = 265571.42 km

A N
Putting these values in (i), we get

A O y
265571.42

I
Speed, v =
24

R T p
Speed = 11065.4 km/h

P CA Co
11065.4
= km s-1
60×60

© U t
= 3.07 km s-1

D
E N o
D o