IoT Based Contactless Doorbell System

Rohan Chauhan1 Harsh Aryan2 Diksha Bhardwaz3

Department of computer Department of Computer Department of Computer
Science and engineering Science and Engineering Science and Engineering
Chandigarh University Chandigarh University Chandigarh University
Mohali, India Mohali, India Mohali, India
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Dhanuj Tomar4 Harshita Rani5 Er. Jyoti Chandel6

Department of computer Department of computer Department of computer
Science and engineering Science and engineering Science and engineering
Chandigarh University Chandigarh University Chandigarh University
Mohali, India Mohali, India Mohali, India
[email protected] harshitakrishgupta@gmail @gmal.com
.com

Abstract— Traditional doorbells used till now requires Since the 1970s, scientists have been testing and
human participation for operating them which can lead to improving the strategy for smart homes. As innovation
different problems such as spreading of harmful germs and evolved, electronic gadgets and online use became
bacteria. This problem was very dangerous from 2020 – 2021 more prevalent and acceptable, therefore the concept of
as the pandemic Covid-19 got spread worldwide affecting house mechanization and people's desire for a smart
more than half of the population of the world because people home altered dramatically. Nowadays, a smart home is
were getting affected when they were in contact of others. an advanced combination of various Smart Devices and
IoT based contactless doorbell system offers a more remote Sensor/Actor Networks. All of these new client
convenient, harmless and hygienic solution. This system is
needs, complicated gadgets, and unique client behavior
implemented with sensors like passive infrared sensor (PIR)
or ultrasonic sensor to detect the visitor’s presence and alert
brought new security challenges to the home automation
the homeowner about the visitor without involving any front. With the passage of time, the module of home
physical contact. This practice would lead to less physical security has evolved.
contact as compared to the previous traditional doorbells. IoT
based contactless doorbell system is a new technology but it The Internet of Things (IOT) refers to the
is getting popular among the people and started gaining communication of various objects—gadgets,
popularity among them. In the upcoming few years, they are structures, cars, and other things—implanted with
expected to become even more widespread. hardware, software, sensors, and system availability. A
hostile to robbery framework is any device or approach
Keywords—IoT doorbell, contactless doorbell system, intended to avoid or halt the unapproved distribution of
sensors, human detection, facial recognition, sound control, commodities considered profitable. According to IOT,
smart lock, smart home security, home monitoring.
burglary appropriation provides a framework. The Web
of Things is expected to provide a high level of human-
to-machine communication as well as machine-to-
I. INTRODUCTION machine communication.
Doorbell is one of the most essential things we need in Despite the fact that smart home security is fundamental,
a house. A doorbell is a device that is installed near there are a few flaws in the current frameworks.
the entrance to signal when a visitor arrives. In today's Throughout the years, experts have revealed several
world were the technology became so advanced so the security risks associated to the gadgets and innovation
traditional doorbell system were replaced by sensor used in today's smart homes. The remote sensor systems
and with the help of this sensor visitor's movement used in today's smart homes for device-to-device
will be detected after that it will trigger an alert. This communication are defenseless against various Routing
contactless doorbell system will give us a huge and Wormhole assaults. Mainstream communication
knowledge about the working of ultrasonic sensor. advancements, for example, ZigBee and 802.15.4, which
Ultrasonic sensor helps us to determine the distance of are used in smart homes, are vulnerable to Replay
the object with the help of ultrasonic sound wave. attacks. Every one of these factors contributed to the
rapid rise in home robberies over the preceding decade,
demonstrating the importance of Home Security in the
modern world. Our previous work in keen home security
 drawbacks we have to alter the mode of power supply to
clarifies the changing role of modern home security the intercom. Otherwise we have to include some
frameworks and characterizes the role of an advanced commands in the software to get notify about it. Like,

instead of using batteries, charging feature benefits more

home mechanization framework as one fit for to this device. Because, if no one in residence then how a
recognizing, cautioning, and averting interruption person can change batteries. Then undoubtedly, if battery
endeavors in a home while additionally safeguarding ends then the device becomes
confirmation of the interruption or attempted
interruption so that the perpetuator or perpetuators can
be recognized and arraigned.
useless then our motive of security will be spoiled. To get
This project provides a security system based on IOT clear of this, the battery percentage should be notified to
that anticipates robberies in the home, bank, and so on. mobile daily and also should notify when the battery is
The primary goal of this project is to reduce human intended to dead. So that they can change batteries before
labor. itself. Otherwise, the automatic charging system should
be added to this so that it automatically charges itself
Computerization has consistently been a key when the battery capacity reduces, when it reaches the
component of security architecture. We stated that the level which we specify.
aim is to outline and implement a security framework.
Framework that allows control via a hand-held cell
phone via IOT approaches. IV. DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT

II. BACKGROUND: DOORBELL While collecting information and other useful data, we
SYSTEM: took a lot of references from published journals and other
study paper. Most of the data was taken from articles and
It operates in both daylight and moonlight. Even in journals regarding security threats and issues and smart
low light, the video and picture quality are excellent. doorbell system.
When someone roams in public. The owner will be
notified. As soon as someone arrives, you will be The hardware used in this design are:
notified. If somebody enters the range of IR sensor the
bell will ring. Makes a video call to the owner 1. ESP32 cam: It contains ESP32-S chip as well as a
automatically. He can even respond during the video microSD card slot which can be used to insert SD
conversation, and the guest can as well. Speaker card to store the data such as the photographs of
allows you to communicate with him. If an intruder the visitor for future references. ESP32 cam is a
wanders then it will send a notification to the perfect device for smart home security.
appropriate mobile device. If somebody tries to take it,
it will notify the owner alarming. We can use the
doorbell by saying okay. This is a QUBO video
doorbell project. It has features such as:

1. Video Call for visitor to owner

2. Intrusion Detection System
3. HD Camera for better picture quality
4. Two-Way Communication
5. Alarm for theft
6. 3 AAA batteries operated

III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

We'd like to improve the functionality of this current

device. Although the device has loads of features, still 1. ESP32 CAM
it has reduced extant drawbacks. To avoid those
 ESP32 cam circuit diagram 4. INFRARED SENSOR: Infrared (IR) sensor is an
electronic device which is used to detect IR
radiations which are invisible to naked human eye
but are detectable by electronic devices.

2. 12V SOLENOID LOCK: It is a 12V DC power

supply electromagnetic lock that uses the concept
of solenoid to lock and unlock the door or any
other object.

INFRARED SENSOR

5. BREADBOARD: Breadboard is a plastic board with

small holes in it and these holes allows you to insert
electronic device to design an electronic circuit.

The holes in breadboard are connected in certain

groups by metal strips underside which creates
12V SOLENOID LOCK electrical connections in devices or components.

3. RELAY MODULE: It is an electronic device that

consist of a relay to turn or switch a circuit on or
off. As the electric current is passed through the
coil, magnetic field is generated and the armature is
attracted. The armature is further connected to
switch which closes when attracted by armature.

When the current is stopped, the magnetic field

disappears and armature is back to its original state.

BREADBOARD

RELAY MODULE
 V. IMPLEMENTATION
TECHNIQUES

On a breadboard, consider a ESP32 cam and UART

TTL module, connect them as shown in the below
circuit diagram with the correct pins for power
supply, ground pin and other digital pins. The main
source of power supply for the system would be 3
AAA batteries.

There would be two units of system, one would be

the outdoor unit for the visitor who wants to use the
doorbell and interact with the owner. The other unit
would be for the person inside the house if they
want to go out. They can easily go out as the IR
sensor would easily sense the motion and open the
lock by itself.

The application we will be using for this system

would be Blynk. We need to setup the application
with the correct configuration pins of our system, FLOWCHART OF DOORBELL SYSTEM
provide all the labels to ease the work of user so that
user can access the application without any type of
guidance. The user can interact with the visitor
through video system, take photographs of visitor VI. RESULT AND ANALYSIS
for future reference, and can open or close the lock
while sitting inside the house itself. Firstly the camera was checked by standing at
different angles to check the picture. The picture
The application will be connected to the hardware quality was great and the visitor was clearly visible to
system with the help of code and once the code is the owner. After that the camera quality was checked
compiled and uploaded successfully the system is at night which also worked perfectly well.
ready to use.
When the visitor entered the range of IR sensor, the
sensor sensed the radiations and automatically
initiated the video call without needing any physical
contact with the doorbell system, which was the main
objective of implementing this system. As soon as the
video call was initiated, the owner received a
notification on the application. When checked, the
visitor was clearly visible in the camera. The owner
was able to click the photos for future references.

The owner can talk to the visitor to know their

identity and interact with them. In our test, the voice
of each other was clearly audible to both the parties,
i.e., to owner as well as visitor. If the owner
recognizes the visitor, they can open the lock while
sitting inside the house itself, they can also ask the
visitor to leave if they don’t want to meet them.
Circuit diagram of doorbell system
Another case was tested when the owner was away
from their home and an unknown visitor arrived at
their house, the owner received a notification on their
device alerting that someone arrived. The owner
checked the picture of visitor on mobile application
and since the owner didn’t knew the visitor, they
denied the entry and asked them to leave.
The buzzer implemented in the doorbell was also
working well. The sound of buzzer was clearly VIII. REFERENCES
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