Đề 4

1. According to ISTQB Syllabus, A human being can make (A), which produces (B) in the
program code, or in a document. Which of the following combination is correct? [K1].
a) A- Fault, B- Mistake
b) A- Fault, B- Error
c) A- Defect, B- Bug
d) A- Error, B- Fault

2. Which of following is NOT correct regarding of Testing and Quality? [K2]

a) Testing can give confidence in the quality of the software if it finds few or no defect.
b) A properly designed test that passes reduces the overall level of risk in a system.
c) Testing should not be integrated as one of the quality assurance activities for independent.
(QA: Pqa/Sqa)
d) By understanding the root cause of defects found in other project, testing processes can be
improved.

3. As a test leader you are collecting measures about defects. You recognize that after the first
test cycle – covering all requirements – subsystem C has a defect density that 150% higher
than the average. Subsystem A on the other hand has a defect density that is 60% lower than
the average. What conclusions for the next test cycle could you draw from this fact? [K3]
a) According to the testing principle “defect clustering” it is probable that subsystem C has still
more hidden defects. Therefore we need to test subsystem C in more detail.
b) We focus testing on subsystem A, because we have found fewest defects in that module so
far.
c) Because we have already found many defects in subsystem C we do not need to test it much
more.
d) Observed defect density does not allow any conclusions about the amount of additional
testing.

4. Which of following is suitable explanation about testing principle: [K2]

One tester has tested software applications running on mobile phone for 5 years. He has great
deal of information for testing the applications and is able to test faster than anyone else.
However, he has not put sufficient efforts for deriving new test cases and modifying them to find
new defects any longer, which led to finding less and less defects. What is the basic test principle
that he has ignored?
a) Pesticide paradox
b) Early testing
c) Absence-of-errors fallacy
d) Defect clustering

5. Given the following state transition diagram Which of the following series of state transitions
contains an INVALID transition which may indicate a fault in the system design?
a) Login Browse Basket Checkout Basket Checkout Pay Logout.
b) Login Browse Basket Checkout Pay Logout.
c) Login Browse Basket Checkout Basket Logout.
d) Login Browse Basket Browse Basket Checkout Pay Logout

6. Which of following activity is NOT related with Test implementation and execution the
fundamental test process? [K1]
a) Creating test suites from the test procedures for efficient execution
b) Verifying that the test environment has been set up correctly
c) Finalizing, implementing and prioritizing test case including the identification test data.
d) Identifying necessary test data to support test condition and test cases.

7. Which of the following are conclusion you could draw from the test principles? [K3]
A. Web sites cannot be tested because of the vast number of combinations of platform, browser,
internet route and navigation options. F
B. The testing coverage required in one organization may not be appropriate in another
organization. T
C. Risk assessment is required to understand how much testing is enough for each system. T
D. Safety critical systems are likely to need more coverage than non-safety critical system. T
E. Safety critical systems are tested exhaustively. F
a) A, D and E are reasonable conclusions the other are not.
b) B, C, D are reasonable conclusions, the other are not
c) B, C, E are reasonable conclusions, the other are not
d) B, D, E are reasonable conclusions, the other are not

8. Which of following describes the testing level that tests interfaces between components,
interaction with different parts of a system such as the operating system, file system and
hardware, and interfaces between systems? [K2]
a) Component Testing
b) Integration Testing
c) System Testing
d) Acceptance Testing

9. In any file cycle model, there are several characteristics of good testing. Which of following
is NOT related? [K1]
a) For every development activity, there is a corresponding testing activity
b) Each test level has test objectives specific to that level
c) The analysis and design of tests for a given test level should not begin during the
corresponding development activity.
d) Testers should be involved in reviewing documents as soon as drafts are availed in the
development cycle.
10. In general, this approaches to software development and testing put less emphasis on
planning tasks and more emphasis on development and testing. In contrast to the waterfall
model, which emphasizes rigorous specification and planning, this approaches emphasize the
necessity of adjusting requirements in reaction to knowledge gained as the project progresses.
What is this? [K3]
a) Prototyping
b) Rapid Application Development
c) Rational Unified Process
d) V-Model

11. Developers of market, or COTS, software often want to get feedback from potential existing
customers in their market before the software product is put up for sale commercially. This
testing is performed at the developing organization’s site but not by developing team. What is
this testing? [K2]
a) Alpha Testing
b) Beta testing
c) User Acceptance Testing
d) Operational Testing

12. Which of following may NOT be included in Component testing? [K1]

a) Testing of functionality
b) Robustness testing
c) Structural testing
d) Operational testing

13. This testing is one type of functional testing which evaluates the capability of the software
product to interact with one or more specified components or system. Which of following is
correct about this testing? [K2]
a) Security Testing
b) Interoperability testing
c) Integration Testing
d) System Testing

14. Which of following is NOT a typical “Planning” activity of formal review? [K1]
a) Defining the review criteria
b) Defining the entry and exit criteria for more formal review types
c) Selecting which parts of documents to review
d) Preparing for the review meeting by reviewing the documents

15. Which of the statements about reviews are correct? [K3]

A. It is not useful to in review of specifications because it can bias them F
B. Reviews are useful because they help management to assign responsibility of failure on
individual developers. F
C. Reviews can help find bugs early resulting in savings of cost. T
D. Requirement of additional time for reviews is likely to result in longer development cycle. F
a) A & C are true; B & D are false
b) C & D are true; A & B are false
c) C is true; A, B and D are false
d) D is true; A, B and C are false

16. Which of following is related a typical “Fixing and reporting” activity of formal review?
[K1]
a) Recording update status of defect in formal review
b) Communicating identified potential defects
c) Analyzing potential defects, assigning ownership and status to them
d) Noting potential defects, recommendations, and questions

17. In a typical formation review, who is the person in charge of leading the review of the
document or set of documents including planning the review, running the meeting, and
following-up after the meeting? [K1]
a) Manager
b) Moderator
c) Author
d) Reviewer

18. Which of following review types has its purpose of discussing, making decisions, evaluation
alternatives, solving technical problems and checking conformance to specifications, plans,
regulations and standards? [K2]
a) Informal
b) Walkthrough
c) Technical Review
d) Inspection

19. When conducting reviews, psychological sensitivity is required. Which mistake often occurs
when conducting reviews and may lead to interpersonal problems within teams? [K2]
a) Testers and reviewers expect that defects in the software product are already found and fixed
by the developers.
b) Testers and reviewers communicate defects as criticism against humans instead of against the
software product.
c) Due to time constraints, tester and reviewers do not believe they can afford enough time to
find failures.
d) Testers and reviewers are not sufficiently trained to accurately identify failures and faults in
the item under review.

20. In the technical review process, which is true? [K2]

A. There is less focus on higher level and related documents.
B. The moderator does not perform a format entry check, because the document is not ready yet.
C. The steps are the same as in the inspection process, but the objective is different.
a) A is true; B and C are false
b) A and B are true; C is false
c) A, B and C are all true
d) A and C are true; B is false

21. As tester, you are working on a project to build an online banking application. Consider the
following excerpt of the requirements specification:
 The system shall allow the customer three attempts to enter a valid user ID and
password at the welcome screen. If three invalid use ID/password combinations have
been entered, the system shall temporarily lock the user’s account.
You have written a test design specification that includes, among others, the following
two test conditions:
1) Test successful user ID/password login with: zero failed attempts before
success; one failed attempt before success; and, two failed attempt before
success.
2) Test unsuccessful user ID/password login.

Which of the following is a set of test cases that has clear traceability to, and complete coverage
of, exactly one of the test conditions listed? Assume the inputs are the first two items in each
triple, and the expected result the third. [K3]
a) (Test0, valid0, success)
b) (Test1, invalid1, fail), (Test1, invalid1, fail)
c) (Test0, valid0, success) (Test1, invalid1, fail), (Test1, valid1, success), (Test2, invalid2, fail),
(Test2, invalid2, fail), (Test2, valid2, suc
d) cess)(Test1, invalid1, fail), (Test1, valid1, success)

22. Which of following is a common characteristic of specification – based test design

techniques? [K1]
a) Information about how the software is constructed is used to derive the test cases
b) Models, either formal or informal, are used for the specification of the problem to be solved,
the software or its component.
c) The extent of coverage of software can be measured for existing test case
d) The knowledge and experience of people are used to derive the test case

23. Inspect the following piece of code: How many test cases are needed at least to cover
decision coverage testing? [K3]

Procedure XXXX

READ (Age) “This statement gets the actual age from the input device
READ (Gender) “This statement gets the gender age from the input device
READ (CustomerCountry) “This statement gets the country, alias

IF (Age >18) THEN

CustomerType = “Main Target Customer”
CustomerPotential = 1.000
IF Gender = “Male” THEN
CustomerProductSet = “Technique”
ELSE
CustomerProductSet = “Clothes”
END IF
END IF
CustomerIsTarget = “Yes”
IF CustomerCountry<> “Vietnam” THEN
CustomerIsTarget = “No”
 CustomerIsInternational = “Yes”
CustomerPotential = CustomerPtential *1.1
ELSE
CustomerIsInternational = “No”
END IF
END Procedure

a) 2 test cases
b) 3 test cases
c) 4 test cases
d) 5 test cases

24. In below specification, how many different valid combinations of inputs exist for computing
the price?
[Specification]
Vietnam Railway company runs a train from Ho Chi Minh City to Hanoi. This train has four
different kinds of accommodation with different ticket prices: Hard seat, soft seat, hard sleeper,
and soft sleeper. For soft sleeper, there is a different price for lower and upper berth. For sleeping
accommodation, different prices apply for non-air-condition and air-condition. For harder
sleeper, a higher price applies for compartments with own bathroom. High-speed trains exist, but
have only hard and soft seat, and they have another price than “normal” trains.
a) 12
b) 18
c) 24
d) 36

25. Which of following describes the testing techniques that is concurrent test design, test
execution, test logging and learning, based on a test charter containing test objectives, and
carried out within time-boxes? [K2]
a) Exploratory testing
b) Error Guessing
c) Decision Table Testing
d) State Transition Testing

26. Which of following is a typical test leader’s tasks? [K1]

a) Set up the test environment often coordinating with system administration and network
management.
b) Prepare and acquire test data
c) Adapt planning based test results and progress
d) Use test administration or management tools and test monitoring tools as required.

27. Which of following is a typical tester’s tasks? [K1]

a) Write test summary reports based on the information gathered during testing
b) Select tools to support testing and organize any training in tool use for testers
c) Analyze, review and assess user requirements, specifications and models for testability
d) Contribute the testing perspective to other project activities, such as integration planning.

28. Which of following is NOT a Test Planning Activity in Test Planning? [K1]
a) Determining the scope and risks and identifying the objectives of testing
b) Integrating and coordination the testing activities into the software life cycle activities
c) Assigning resources for the different activities defined
d) Estimating the tasks based on estimates made by the owner of the tasks or by experts

29. Which of following Test Approach includes Exploratory testing where testing is more
reactive to events than pre-planned, and where execution and evaluation are concurrent tasks?
[K2]
a) Dynamic and heuristic approach = reactive
b) Analytical Approach
c) Model-based Approach
d) Regression-averse approaches

30. Which of following is NOT a typical Entry Criteria? [K1]

a) Estimates of defect density or reliability measures
b) Test Tool readiness in test environment
c) Test environment availability and readiness
d) Testable code availability

31. Which of following is NOT correct about Metrics which should be collected during and at
the end of a test level in order to assess? [K2]
a) The adequacy of the test objectives for that test level
b) The adequacy of the test approaches taken
c) The effectiveness of the testing with respect to the objectives
d) The adequacy of tester anticipate defects base on experience

32. Which of following is NOT a Test control actions in Test Progress monitoring and control?
[K1]
a) Making decisions based on information from test monitoring
b) Setting an exit criterion requiring fixes to have been re-tested.
c) Re-prioritizing test when an identified risk occurs.
d) Change the test schedule due to availability or unavailability of test environment.

33. Which of following is a Product Risk? [K1]

a) Failure-prone software delivered.
b) Problem in defining the right requirements
c) Test Environment not ready on time
d) Low quality of the design, code, … data, test data and tests

34. Which of following is a Project Risk? [K1]

a) Improper attitude toward or expectations of testing
b) The potential that the software/hardware could cause harm to an individual or company
c) Poor data integrity and quality
d) Software that does not perform its intended functions

35. Which of following is correct to be defined as the chance of an event, hazard, threat or
situation occurring and resulting in undesirable consequences or a potential problem? [K1]
a) Defect
b) Incident
c) Risk
d) Failure

36. Which of following is NOT objectives of incident report? [K1]

a) Provide developers and other parties with feedback about the problem to enable
identification, isolation and correction as necessary
b) Provide test leaders a means of tracking the quality of the system under test and progress of
the testing
c) Provide ideas for test process improvement
d) Provide evidence of tester’s worthiness

37. Which of following international standard show the report the Software Test Document.
a) IEEE 29119 (IEEE 829)
b) ISO 12207
c) ISO 15504
d) ISO 29119

38. Which of following is NOT risks of using testing tools? [K1]

a) Underestimating the time, cost and effort needed to achieve significant and continuing
benefits from the tool.
b) Unrealistic expectations for the tool
c) Greater consistency and repeatability
d) Neglecting version control of test assets within the tool

39. Which of following tools are necessary for storage and version management of testware and
related software especially when configuring more than on hardware/software environment in
terms of operating system versions compilers, browsers? [K1]
a) Test Management Tools
b) Requirements Management Tools
c) Incident Management Tools
d) Configuration Management Tools

40. Which of following tools measure the percentage of specified types of code structure that
have been exercised? [K1]
a) Test Harness/Unit Test Framework Tools
b) Test Comparators
c) Coverage Measurement Tools
d) Security Testing Tools