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ENDCAL30 Notes 5 1 - Differentiation of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions - Part 2

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29 views

ENDCAL30 Notes 5 1 - Differentiation of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions - Part 2

Uploaded by

Josh Rafael Antonio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Derivatives of

Exponential and Logarithmic


Functions (Part 2)
d x
dx
( )
e =e x d x
dx
( )
a = a ⋅ ln a
x

d 1 d 1
(ln x) = (log a x) =
dx x dx x ln a
d u
e =e u du d
dx
( )
a = a ln a
u u du
dx
dx dx

d 1 du d 1 du
ln u = log a u =
dx u dx dx u ln a dx

π
DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Example 1

Differentiate y = ln(x3 + 1).

To use the Chain Rule, we let u = x3 + 1.

Then y = ln u.
2
So, dy = dy du = 1 du = 1 3x
(3 x ) = 3
2

dx du dx u dx x +1
3
x +1
DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Example 2

Find d
ln(sin x) .
dx

Using Formula 3, we have:

d 1 d
ln(sin x) = (sin x)
dx sin x dx
1
= cos x = cot x
sin x
DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Example 3

Differentiate f ( x) = ln x .

This time, the logarithm is the inner function.

So, the Chain Rule gives:


d
−1 2
f '( x) = (ln x)
1
2 (ln x)
dx
1 1 1
= ⋅ =
2 ln x x 2 x ln x
DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Example 4

Differentiate f(x) = log10(2 + sin x).

a = 10, we have:

d
f '( x) = log10 (2 + sin x)
dx
1 d
= (2 + sin x)
(2 + sin x) ln10 dx
cos x
=
(2 + sin x) ln10
DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Example 5_Solution 1

Find d ln x + 1 .
dx x−2

d x +1 1 d x +1
ln =
dx x−2 x + 1 dx x − 2
x−2

=
x−2 x − 2 ⋅1− (x + 1) ()
1
2
(x − 2)−1 2
x +1 x−2
x − 2 − 12 (x + 1) x−5
= =
(x + 1)(x − 2) 2(x + 1)(x − 2)
DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Example 5_Solution 2

If we first simplify the given function using


the laws of logarithms, then the differentiation
becomes easier:
x +1
= [ ln( x + 1) − 12 ln( x − 2) ]
d d
ln
dx x − 2 dx
1 1 1 
= −  
x +1 2  x − 2 
This answer can be left as written.
However, if we used a common denominator,
it would give the same answer as in Solution 1.
DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Example 6

Differentiate f(x) = 4x – 5log9 x.

= 4 − 5 log

5
= 4 ln 4 −
ln 9
DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Example 7

Differentiate ( ) = 2( )
.

= 2( )

= 2( )
ln(2) −6

= −6 2( )
ln(2)
SOURCES:

https://online.math.uh.edu/HoustonACT/
Greg_Kelly_Calculus_Lectures/Calc03_9
.ppt
https://math.illinoisstate.edu/day/courses/
current/145/Notes/chapter3/Chap3_Sec6
.ppt

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