Q.1 What is Microsoft Excel? and explain features.

ANS: A software program created by Microsoft that uses

spreadsheets to organize number and data with formulas and
functions. An Excel analysis is ubiquitous around the world and used
by businesses of all sizes to perform financial analysis.

Excel used:
Excel is typically used to organize data and perform
financial analysis. It is used across all business functions and at
companies from small to large.

The main uses of Excel include:

 Data entry
 Data management
 Accounting
 Financial analysis
 Charting and graphing
  Programming
 Time management
 Charting and graphing
 Programming
 Time management
 Task management
 Financial Mod ling
 Customer relationship management (CRM)

Features of Microsoft excel:

Various editing and formatting can be done on an Excel spreadsheet.
Discussed below are the various features of MS Excel.

 Home
Comprises options like font size, font styles, font colour,
background colour, alignment, formatting options and styles,
insertion and deletion of cells and editing options

Insert
Comprises options like table format and style, inserting images
and figures, adding graphs, charts and spark lines header and
footer option, equation and symbol
Page Layout
Themes, orientation and page setup options are available
under the page layout option

Formulas
Since tables with a large amount of data can be created in
MS excel, under this feature, you can add formulas to
your table and get quicker solutions

Data
Adding external data (from the web), filtering options and
data tools are available under this category

Review
Proofreading can be done for an excel sheet (like spell
check) in the review category and a reader can add
comments in this part

 View
 Different views in which we want the spreadsheet to be
displayed can be edited here. Options to zoom in and out
and pane arrangement are available under this category
 Q.2 Explain any five function.
ANS: A function is a preset formula in Excel that Help perform
mathematical statistical and logical operations.

 Sum functions
 Numeric functions
 String functions
 Date Time functions
 V Lookup functions

1. The SUM Function

The sum function is the most used function when it comes to
computing data on Excel. This function works to sum a group of
numbers in a specific set of cells.

This function is performed by typing the formula on the function

bar and highlighting the cells you want summed before clicking
“Enter”. You also need to be careful in highlighting cells, as Excel
will sum everything you include.

 SUM function = =SUM(E4:E8)

2. Numeric functions
ISNUMBER function in excel is an information function that
checks if the referred cell value is numeric or non-numeric. Its
output is a Boolean value (“True,” if the “value” parameter is
numeric or “False” if the “value” parameter is non-numeric)
The ISNUMBER formula has only one parameter, the “value.”

Value: It is a flexible parameter. It can be another function or

formula, a cell, or value that needs testing if it is numeric or not.
 The ISNUMBER formula returns the following logical values:

 “True,” if the “value” parameter is numeric.

 “False,” if the “value” parameter is non-numeric.

The formula is represented in the following format.

“=ISNUMBER(Reference Cell)”

The argument “reference cell” refers to the cell which we want to

check or identify.

Let us consider the following ISNUMBER formula.

“=ISNUMBER(T1XT)”

The output is “false,” as the argument T1XT does not have numbers
in it.

3. String functions
Need to retrieve specific characters from a string in Excel? If so,
in this guide, you’ll see how to use the Excel string functions to
obtain your desired characters within a string.

Specifically, you’ll observe how to apply the following Excel

string functions using practical examples:
Excel String Functions Used
RIGHT Get characters from theDescription
right side of
of Operation
a string

LEFT Get characters from the left side of a string

RIGHT Get characters from the right side of a string

MID Get characters from the middle of a string

LEFT, FIND Get all characters before a symbol

LEFT, FIND Get all characters before a space

RIGHT, LEN, FIND Get all characters after a symbol

MID, FIND Get all characters between two symbols

4. Date Time functions

For anyone working as a financial analyst it can be useful to
insert the current time and date into an Excel spreadsheet. This
guide will break down how the Excel current date and time
functions works and outline situations where it will be helpful
in your analysis.
There are two formulas to use, depending on what type of
information you’re looking to insert in your spreadsheet.
Note: These are dynamic formulas and will update whenever a
spreadsheet is opened.

Current date formula:

=TODAY()

Current time formula:

=Now()
Excel current date and time example

5. V Lookup functions
The VLOOKUP function is a premade function in Excel, which
allows searches across columns.

It is typed =VLOOKUP and has the following parts:

=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_ array, col_ index_num,

[range_lookup])

Note: The column which holds the data used to lookup must
always be to the left.
The different parts of the function are separated by a symbol, like
Comma , or semicolon.

Q.3 Explain the following:

(a) Sort
(b) Filter
(c) Fill handle
(d) Row
(e) Column
(f) Cell
ANS:
(A) Sort:
Sorting is a feature in MS Excel that helps you organize data.
You can sort a text column in alphabetical order (A-Z or Z-A).
 We can sort a numerical column from largest to smallest or
smallest to largest.
We can also sort a date and time column from oldest to
newest or newest to oldest. Sorting in Excel can also be done
by a custom list or by formats, such as cell colour, font colour,
or icon set.
(B) Filter:
The filter in excel helps display relevant data by eliminating the
irrelevant entries temporarily from the view.
The data is filtered as per the given criteria. The purpose of filtering
is to focus on the crucial areas of a dataset.
For example, the city-wise sales data of an organization can be
filtered by the location. Hence, the user can view the sales of selected
cities at a given time.
A filter is necessarily required when working with a huge database.
Being a widely used tool, the filter converts a comprehensive view
into an easy-to-understand one.

To apply filters, the dataset must contain a header row which

specifies the name of every column.

The three methods to add filters in excel are:

1. With filter option under the Home tab

2. With filter option under the Data tab
3. With the shortcut key

Note: As soon as the filters are added, a drop-down arrow appears

on the particular column header.
Method 1: With Filter Option Under the Home tab:

Method 2: With Filter Option Under the Data tab:

Method 3: With the Shortcut key:

The keyboard shortcuts are a good way to speed up the daily tasks.
Select the data and add the filter using either of the following
shortcuts:

Press the keys “Shift+Ctrl+L” together.

(C) Fill handle:

In Microsoft Excel, a fill handle is a feature to extend (and fill) several
numbers, dates, or even text to other cells. In the active cell of the
spreadsheet, the fill handle is a small black box at the bottom-right.

Example of using the fill handle

If you enter the number "1" in cell A1 and the number "2" in cell A2,
you could extend that numbering sequence down through as many
cells as you want.

You can do this by selecting both cells, then clicking the fill handle
(the small black box) with the left mouse button.

Another example of the fill handle is to enter "5" in cell A1 and "10"
in cell A3.

After that, drag a box around cells A1 though A4 and then drag the
fill handle down as far as you want.

These actions make column A have 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, etc., with
spaces between each cell.
(D) Row
Rows are different properties that together make up a table.

These are the two most important features of Excel that allow users
to store and manipulate their data.

Each row is denoted and identified by a unique numeric value that

you'll see on the left hand side.

The row numbers are arranged vertically on the worksheet, ranging

from 1-1,048,576 (you can have a total of 1,048,576 rows in Excel).

The rows themselves run horizontally on a worksheet.

Data is placed horizontally in the table, and goes across from left to
right.
 (E) Column
Columns are denoted and identified by a unique alphabetical header
letter, which is located at the top of the worksheet.

 For Windows Users: Control right navigation arrow.

First press the Control key and then, while holding it down, press the
right navigation arrow.
 For Mac Users: Command right navigation arrow. First
press the Command key and then, while holding it down, press the
right navigation arrow.

To get back to the first column again, press Control left navigation
arrow for Windows and Command left navigation arrow for Mac.
 For Windows Users: Control right down, press the right row.

{[vb5v5Mac Users: Command right nn, w

it down,

(f) Cell

A cell is the intersection of a row and a column. A row and a column

adjoined make up a cell.

You can define a cell by the combination of a row number and a

column header.

For example, below the selected cell is C3. It has a column header C
and a row number 3.
We can also select an entire row or column from a cell.

To select the whole row when in any cell, press Shift Space.
To select the whole column when in any cell, press Ctrl Space.

Every worksheet is made up of thousands of rectangles, which are

called cells.

A cell is the intersection of a row and a column. In other words, it's

where a row and column meet.

Note: the cell address also appears in the Name box in the top-left
corner, and that a cell's column and row
headings are highlighted when the cell is selected.
Q.4 Explain about chart and types of chart.

ANS:
In Microsoft Excel, a chart is often called a graph. It is a visual
representation of data from a worksheet that can bring more
understanding to the data than just looking at the numbers.
A chart is a powerful tool that allows you to visually display data in a
variety of different chart formats such as Bar, Column, Pie, Line,
Area, Doughnut, Scatter, Surface, or Radar charts. With Excel, it is
easy to create a chart.
Element of chart:
 Axes
 Axis titles
 Chart titles
 Data labels
 Data table
 Error bars
 Gridlines
 Legend
 Trend line
A chart is a tool you can use in Excel to communicate data
graphically. Charts allow your audience to see the meaning
behind the numbers, and they make
showing comparisons and trends much easier.
In this lesson, you'll learn how to insert charts and modify them
so they communicate information effectively.
 Excel workbooks can contain a lot of data, and this data can
often be difficult to interpret. For example, where are the
highest and lowest values? Are the numbers increasing or
decreasing?

Types of chart:
(1) Bar chart
(2) Pie chart
(3) Column chart
(4) Line chart
(5) Area chart

Bar chart:
A bar chart is a great way to visually display certain types of
information, such as changes over time or difference in size, volume,
or amount.

Bar charts can be horizontal or vertical ;in excel, the vertical version
is referred to as column chart.
Pie chart:
A pie chart is a circular representation that reflects the number of a
single row or single column of excel.
Column chart:
A column chart in excel is a chart that is used to represent data in
vertical columns.

A chart representing comparative periods of fluctuation or the

comparative size, length, value or endurance of a group of things by
means of juxtaposed proportional columns .

Line chart:
A line chart or line plot or line graph or curve chart is a type of chart
which displays information as a series of data points called markers
connected by straight line segments.
Area chart:
An area chart or area graph displays graphically quantitative data.