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Physics Ip Class 12

Physics ip

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sankarie.1980
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40 views

Physics Ip Class 12

Physics ip

Uploaded by

sankarie.1980
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA CLRI, ADYAR,

CHENNAI
PHYSICS ALS PROJECT
CLASS 11___
SUBMISSION FOR THE ACADEMIC SESSION 2023-
24
TOPIC:

NAME OF THE STUDENT:

EXAM. ROLL NO:


INDEX

S.No CONTENT PAGE No.


.
1. OBJECTIVES

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3. ACTION PLAN

4. PROJECT REPORT

5. CONCLUSION

6. STUDENT/GROUP
REFLECTION

7. BIBLIOGRAPHY
OBJECTIVES
General:
The aim of this project is to acquire English
language skills and become proficient in
listening, speaking, reading and writing by
researching on a topic and recording the findings
in a scientific manner.
Specific:
1.
2.
3.
4.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my gratitude to my Physics


Teacher for providing
me guidance, and helping me complete this
project.

I thank Principal Sir for being a


source of motivation in all my endeavours. I am
thankful to my parents for providing me all the
resources required to make this project.
AIM
" To determine the

Faraday's Law
Of
Electromagnetic induction
Using a copper wire
Wound over an iron
Ross and a strong
magnet "
INTRODUCTION

Faraday's law of induction is a basic law of electro magnetism that


predicts how a magnetic field will interact with an electric circut to
produce an electromotive force(EMF).It is the fundamental operating
principle of transformers , inductors and many types of electrical
motors and generators.

Electromagnetic induction was dicovered independently by Michael


Faraday and Joseph Henry in 1831; however , Faraday was the first to
publish the results of his experiments, Faraday explained
electromagnetic induction using a concept he called lines of force.These
equation for electromagnetic are extremely important since they provide
a means to precisely describe how many natural phenomena in our
universe arise and behave.The ability to quantitatively describe physical
phenomena not only allow us to gain a better understanding of our
universe , but it also makes possible a host of technological innovations
that define modern society.
Understanding Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction can be
beneficial since so many aspects of our daily life function because of the
principles behind Faraday's Law. From natural technologies that
improve our quality of life such as electric power generation , Faradays
Law has a great impact on many aspect.

Faradays law is the circuit of the experiments of English chemist and


physicist Michael Faraday. The concept of Electromagnetic Induction
was actually discovered simultaneous in 1831 by Michael Faraday in
London and Joseph, an american scientist working in New York, but
Faraday is credited for the Law since he published his work first. An
important aspect of the equation that qualifies Faraday's Law come
from the work Heinrich Lenz a russian physicist who made his
contribution to Faraday's Law, now known an Lenz's Law,in 1834
(Institute of chemistry).

Faraday's Law describes Electeomagnetic Induction,whereby an electric


field is induced, or generator,by a changing magnetic field. Before
expanding upon this discription, it is necessary to developing an
understanding of the fields, as well as the related concept of potentials.
Faraday's first experimental demonstration of electromagnetic
induction,(AUGUST 29,1831),he wrapped two wires around opposite
sides of an iron ring or "torus" (an arrangement similar to a modern
toroidal transformer) to induce current.

Faraday's first experiment


Some physicists have remarked that Faraday's Law is a single equation
describing two different phenomena --
The motional EMF generated by a magnetic force on a moving wire
(see Lorentz force),and the transformer EMF generated by a electric
force due to a changing magnetic field (due to the Maxwell-Faraday
equation). James Clerk Maxwell drew attentio to this fact in his 1861
paper on physical lines of force. In this latter half part II of that paper.
Maxwell gives a separate physica explanation for each of the two
phenomena. A reference to these two aspects of electromagnetic
induction is made in some mode: textbooks.
THEORY
Magnetic flux-

The magnetic flux (often denoted )through a surface is the


component of the B field passing through that surface. The SI unit of
magnetic flux is the weber (Wb) (in derived units. volt- second), and the
CGS unit is the Maxwell. Magnetic flux is usually measured with a flux-
meter which contains measuring coils and electronics that evahtakes the
change of voltage in the measuring coils to calculate the magnetic flux.

If the magnetic field is constant, the magnetic flux passing through a


surface of vector area S is.

Where B is the magnitude of the magnetic field (the magnetic flux


density) having the unit of Wb/m² (Tesla), S is the area of the surface,
and is the angle between the magnetic field lines and the normal
(perpendicular) to S
For a varying magnetic field, we first consider the magnetic flux
through an infinitesimal area element ds, where we may condiser the
field to be constant

From the definition of the magnetic vector potential A and the


fundamental theorem of the curl, the magnetic flux may also be
defined as

Where the line integral is taken over the boundary of the surface S.
which is denoted ds
LAW
The most widespread version of Faraday's Law states
"The induced electromotive force in any closed circuit is equal to
the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit."

This version of Faraday's law strictly holds only when the closed
circuit is a loop of infinitely thin wire and is invalid in other
circumstances as discussed below. A different version, the
Maxwell-Faraday equation (discussed below), is valid in all
circumstances.

When the flux changes because B changes, or because the wire


loop is moved or deformed, or both Faraday's law of induction say
that the wire loop acquires an EMF & defined as the energy
available per unit charge that travels once around the wire loop
(the unit of EMF is the volt). Equivalently, it is the voltage that
would be measured by cutting the wire to create an open circuit
and attaching a voltmeter to the leads.

According to the Lorentz force law (in Si units).


CONCLUSION
Faraday's law of Electromagnetic Induction, first
observed and published by Michael Faraday in the
mid-nineteenth century, describes a very
important electromagnetic concept. Although its
mathematical representations are cryptic, the
essence of Faraday's is not hard to grasp it
relates an induced electric potential or voltage to
a dynamic magnetic field. This concept has many
far- reaching ramifications that touch our lives in
many ways, from the shining of the sun to the
convenience of mobile communications, to
electricity to power our homes. We can all
appreciate the profound Faraday's law has on us.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

* https://en.wikipedia.org

* https://www.google.co.in

* Class 12 Physics Lab Manual

* Class 12 NCERT Textbook

* https://www.vaibhavkandwal.com

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