DESIGN AND BUILD OF EXISTING SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT UPGRADING

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF RCC STP

1 .STRENGTH PARAMETRS
a) Concrete
Grade : 30
Permissible Stresses :
• Direct Tension Stress : 1.5 N/mm2
• Direct Compressive Stress : 8 N/mm2
• Bending Tensile Stress (σcbt) : 2.0 N/mm2
• Bending Compressive Stress (σcbc) : 10 N/mm2

b) Steel
Grade 40 : 280 N/mm2

Permissible Stresses : N/mm2

• Direct Tension : 150
• Tensile stress : N/mm2
on liquid retaining face : 150
on face away from liquid N/mm2
less than 225mm : 150 N/mm2
more than 225mm : 190 N/mm2
• Axial Compression : 190

2.LOADS kN/m3
Density of Concrete Үc : 25 kN/m3
Density of Water Үw : 10
3.SOIL PARAMETERS kN/m2
Safe Bearing Capacity of soil SBC : 250
4.CONCRETE PARAMETERS
Q= σcbt/6 = 0.333 say = 0.350
280
m :
3*σcbc
= 9.34
 n 10/(190/9.34+10) *d
= 0.384
j = 0.872
5.00 CAPACITY CALCULATIONS :

Maximum water level (M.W.L) = 4 m

Low water level (L.W.L) = 0 m
Ground level (G.L) = 1 m
Dead storage = 0.15 m
Floor Level = 1.2 m
Length of GLSR = 15.1 m
Width of GLSR = 1.95 m
Effective water depth h = 3.7 m
Total water depth H = 4 m

Size of column = 0.2 X 0.20 m

Size of Pedestal for pipe = 0.20 X 0.20 m
Capacity above L.W.L (V1) = Lx Bxh = 108.95 cum
Deduction for columns (V2) = 9x0.2x0.2x3.7 = 1.332 cum
Deduction for concrete pedestal (V1-V2) = 0x0x3.3 = 107.618 cum
Net Capacity of tank = 107.618 > 50 cum
= HENCE OK
5.01 FLOOR SLAB:
Thickness of Slab t = 400 mm
Length of long wall L = 15.1 m
Length of short wall B = 1.95 m
Column center to center distance = 6.3 m
No of columns = 9 No's

14.1 m

36.6 m
Lx = 4 m
Ly = 4 m
Type of Panel : Interior Panel
Loading :
Self weight = 0.12*25 = 3 KN/sqm
Live load = 1.5 KN/sqm
Finishings = 0.5 KN/sqm
Total Load w = 5 KN/sqm
Ly/Lx = 1
The slab is designed as two way slab
Moment Coefficient as per Table 26 of IS 456 - 2000 -αx = -0.032
+αx = 0.024
-αy = -0.032
+αy = 0.024
Moments along short span :
Support moment = 5*-0.032*4^2 = -2.56 kNm
Span moment = 5*0.024*4^2 = 1.92 kNm
Moments along longer span :
Support moment = 5*-0.032*4^2 = -2.56 kNm
Span moment = 5*0.024*4^2 = 1.92 kNm
Depth required 'D' 2.56 x 10^6
= = 85.523597412 mm
0.350
Provided depth d = 120 mm
= 120-(25+5)
= 90 mm
= ok
Area of Reinforcement (-ve) in shorter direction (Ast) = M.R
σst*j*d
= 2.56 x10^6
150*0.872*90
= 217.465 sqmm
Min Area of reinforcement (Ast min) = (0.24*1000*120)/100/2 = 144 sqmm
Shorter span :
Mid span : 8 @180c/c with alternare bars cranked at supports
Provided : 279.253 sqmm OK
Supports : 8 extra @ 360 W2 at supports
Longer span :

Mid span : 8 @180c/c with alternare bars cranked at supports

 Supports : 8 extra @ 360 at supports
check for deflection :
l/d actual = 4000/120 =
33.333 l/d allowable =
35
l/d allowable > l/d actual = ok

Check for Shear :

W1
Shear force = (w x LX)/3

= ((5*4)/3)/1000 = 6.1670 KN Nominal shear stress =

(6.167*1000)/(1000*90) 0.06900 N/mm² percentage of steel provided =
(*100/(1000*)) = 0.3103 N/mm² permissible value of shear
= #N/A N/mm²
###

5.02 BEAM-1, B-1 : 250 x 450 mm

Maximum Span of beam = 4 cm
Assumed cover to beam = 16 mm
Assumed dia of bar in beam = 12 mm
Load from slab on both sides ( 2*w*lx/3)
= 2*5*4/3 = 13.333 kN/m
Self weight of beam = 0.23*0.23*25 = 1.3225 kN/m
Total Load = 1.3225+13.333 = 14.656 kN/m

Bending moment due to UDL. W*l^2/10

Max Span moment W*l^2/12 = 15*4^2/12 = 19.541 kNm
X
Max Support moment W*l^2/10 = 15*4^2/10 = 23.4488 kNm
W3
d = 350-(25+(12/2)) = 319 mm
Depth of critical neutral axis (n)
compressive stress = σcbc = 10 N/mm2
Tensile stress = σst = 150
N/mm2 modular ratio = m = 280/3*σcbc
= 9.333
16.072 (d-k)
 k = 0.384 *d
j*d = (1-0.384/3 )*d
j = 0.872
Moment of resistance of section = σcbc/2*b*k(d-k/3)
= 1.67424 b*d2
M*10^6
d2 =
1.67424*b
= SQRT(23.45*100/230*10/1.67) = d 247 mm
< 309 mm
ok
Dia of Reinf. = 16.0 mm
Dia of Stirrups = 8 mm Cover
=
= 25 mm Effective depth (d) =
309 mm

Area of Reinforcement for support moment M.R

(Ast) =
σst*j*d
= 23.45 x 10^6/(150*0.872*309) = 581 sqmm
Area of Reinforcement for span moment M.R
(Ast) =
σst*j*d
= 19.55*100*100/(150*0.872*309) = 484 sqmm

Reinforcement Details :

Top: 2-#16 St + 1- #16EXT AREA (829.39 sqmm >581 ) ok Bottom

2-#16 St +1 -#12 EXT AREA (628.32 sqmm >484 ) ok Stirrups : 8mm 150
c/c at support (L/5)and 200mm c/c at mid span
5.03 SIDE WALL :
Design of thickness of wall
Length on longer side Direction L = 15.1
Bredth on shoter direction B = 1.95
Water column height H = 3.45
Length to height L/H = 10.435 >3
Bredth to height B/H = 3.913
Assumed cover to the wall = 45 mm
Assumed diameter in the wall = 12 mm
(Designing wall as a cantilever member)
Refer Table 5 of IS 3370 part IV
Thickness at top from 2meters from bottom to remaning height tt = 0.3 m
Thickness at bottom up to 2metrs height from bottom tb = 0.6 m

Average thickness = 0.45 m

c/c Length of tank Le = 36.60 m
X

Depth of Water = 3.45 m

design height of wall H = 3.68 m
Pressure at bottom of tank p = γw x h

= 36.8 kN/m 2
Force on the wall F = (1/2 p H)
= 67.712 kN
 Moment at base M = (1/2 x p x H) x (H/3)
= 73.00 kNm
Thickness of wall required T = M/(QB)
= 456.702 mm
Effective thickness d = 549 mm
= < 600 mm
Effective average thickness = 399 mm
Vertical reinforcement Ast = M/(σst j d)

on both faces = 1398.795 mm 2

on each face = 699.398 mm 2
(Refer IS-3370 part II Clause 7.1)
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24%
Minimum % of reinforcement for 0.6 th ( both faces ) = 1440 mm 2
Minimum area of reinforcement for 0.3 th ( Both face ) = 720 mm 2
Vertical Reinforcement up to height of (3.68/2)

12 dia at 150 mm c/c upto 2m Height

Vertical reinforcement provided up to (1.84) height = 753.982 mm 2
Vertical Reinforcement from (2)meter to remaning height
12 dia at 300 mm c/c for the remaining ht = 376.991 mm2
Horizontal steel :
Load/Force = 67.712 kN
Area of steel required = Load / Stress = 356.38 mm 2
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24% = 1440 mm 2
12 dia at 150 mm c/c to the full height of wall
Horizontal reinforcement provided for full heigth of wall = 753.982 mm2
Check for stresses
Equivalent area of concrete Ae = Ac + Ase

Area of concrete Ac = 0.6 sqm

Area steel Asc =(m-1)*As = 5.004 sqm

Equivalent area of concrete =0.6+5.004 Ae = 5.604 sqm

Tensile stress in concrete =(67.712*1000/(5.604*10^6) = 0.012 N/mm2
< 1.5 N/mm2
ok
5.04 FOUNDATION OF OUTER SIDE WALL : 546.65

546.0

3.45 m
3.15 m
0.6

544.747 542.850 2.1

1.897

0.5

0.6 3.3 m

91.14 38.247364 60.916 8.023

Considering 1.00m length of wall

Depth of side wall = 3.68 m
Load from slab = 5*4/3 = 6666.667 N
Weight of wall below roof slab = 3.68*0.45*25000 = 41400 N
Total Load W1 = 6666.667+41400 = 48,066.667 N

Weight of water inside = 2.1*3.15*10000 = 66150 N

 Total Load W2 66150 N

Wt. of outside soil = 0.6*1.897*21000 = 0 N

Total Load W3 = 0 0

Wt. of foundation = 3.3*0.5*25000 41250 N

Total Load W4
Critical case is of water inside and soil out side:
Taking moments of all loads about X - X

LOAD ARM MOMENT

(kN) (m) (kN-m)
W1 = 48.067 2.4 115.36
W2 = 66.15 1.05 69.458
W3 = 0 3 0
W4 = 41.25 1.65 68.063
Total Load 155.467 252.881

Moment inside wall due to water 73.00 kNm

Moment Outside wall due to water 0.00
Total Moment = 73.002+272.446 = 345.4 5 kNm
345.448
X = = 2.111 m
163.61884
e' Ecentricty = 2.111 - b/2
= 2.111 - 1.65
= 0.461 m
e' Max = b/6 = 0.55000 ok
Intensity of load distribution to soil

p = 163.61884 6 x 0.461
1 +/-
3.3 3.3

49.581467 1+/- 0.838181818181819

=
 p max = 91.14 kN/m 2
p min = 8.023 kN/m 2 Allowable S.B.C 250 kN/SQM

p1 at outer face of wall = 8.02+(91.14-8.02)*(2.1+0.6)/3.3

= 38.24736 kN/sqm
Moment at outer face of wall
= 16.4052 + 21.2 - 2.25
35.3
Moment at Inner face of wall
= 17.69072 + 37.0 - 27.56 - 33.075
-5.9
d2 = M*10^6
1.67424 *b
d = 145.2291 mm < 450 ok

Area of Reinforcement for support moment at face of wall (Ast) = M.R

150 x0.872 x450
= 599.935440027183 sqmm
(Refer IS-3370 part II Clause 7.1)
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24%
Minimum % of reinforcement for 0.5 th ( both faces ) = mm2
1200
12 dia at 180 mm c/c in bothways
Reinforcement provided for 0.5 thick raft = 628.319 mm2

Minimum % of reinforcement for 0.3 th ( both faces ) = mm2

720

12 dia at 180 mm c/c in bothways

Reinforcement provided for 0.3 thick raft = 628.319 mm2
 Horizontal pressure by water = 49.6125 kn
Horizontal pressure by soil = 0 kn
net pressure = 49.6125
factor of safety against sliding = 1.649
>1.5 factor of safety aganist overturning = 5.491
>2
5.05 COLUMN 250 x 350 mm

Loads :
Load from slab = 4*4*5 = 80 kN
Weight of beam = 1.3225*2*4 = 10.58 kN
Self weight of column = 300/1000*300/1000*(3.45)*25 = 7.7625 kN
Total = 98.3425 kN
Providing 4no.s of - 16mm dia with 8dia ties @ 200 mm c/c
Carrying capacity of column P = Ac * σcc + Asc * σsc
= 90000 sqmm
Asc = 452.389 sqmm
Ac = 89547.611 sqmm P
= 13518.0960 kN
> 98.343 kN
5.07 FLOOR SLAB :
Assumed thickness of floor slab Th = 300 mm
As the floor slab is resting directly on ground provide min slab
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code = 720 sqmm
12 dia at @150mm mm c/c in b mm c/c in bothways = 628.319 mm2
5.06 COLUMN FOOTING : 1300 X 1300 mm
Thickness : 500 mm
Assumed cover to beam = 25 mm
Assumed dia of bar in beam = 12 mm
Loads :
Load on column = 98.3425 kN
Water load = 3.45*1.3*1.3*10 = 58.305 kN
Total = 98.3425+58.305 = 156.6475 kN

Gross upward pressure = 92.691 kN/sqm

Cantilever moment = (1*92.691*(500/1000)^2/2) = 11.586 kNm

Uncracked Depth required 'D' 11.59 x10^6

=
0.350x10^6
= 181.941905955877 mm
< 500 mm
Effective depth d = 500-25-6
= 455 mm
Area of Reinforcement M.R
(Ast) =
150 x 0.872 x 455
= 194.677 sqmm
Providing 10mm dia @130mm c/c bothways
 No.of bars Provided = 1300/130 = 10 no.s
a) Oneway Shear :
Shear force at 'd' from face of column'V'
= 5.4224235 kN
V
ζve =
b*d
= 0.012 N/sqmm
Area of Reinforcement at support = 785.398 mm2
Percentage of steel provided pt = 0.346
Permissible stress ζc < #N/A N/mm2
#N/A
b) Punching Shear :
Critical section is at d/2 from face of column

Length of critical section = 755 mm

Width of critical section = 755 mm
Perimeter of critical section Pe = 3020 mm
Depth of footing at critical section D1 = 500 mm
Effective depth of footing at critical section d = 455 mm
Shear along the section 'V' =92.691*(1300/1000*1300/1000-755*755/10^6)*10^3 = 103811.603 N
Nominal shear stress ζv = V/Pe*d
= 0.076 N/mm2
Permissible shear stress ζc = 0.25 * √fck
= 1.369 N/mm2
ok

5.07 FLOOR SLAB :

Assumed thickness of floor slab Th = 300 mm
As the floor slab is resting directly on ground provide min slab
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code = 720 sqmm
12 dia at @130mm mm c/c in b mm c/c in bothways = 869.98 mm2
Project: DESIGN AND BUILD OF EXISTING SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT UPGRADING

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF STP (110 KLD)

1 .STRENGTH PARAMETRS
a) Concrete
Grade : M-30
Permissible Stresses :
• Direct Tension Stress : 1.5 N/mm2
• Direct Compressive Stress : 8 N/mm2
• Bending Tensile Stress (σcbt) : 2.0 N/mm2
• Bending Compressive Stress (σcbc) : 10 N/mm2

b) Steel
Grade : Fe-500
Permissible Stresses :
• Direct Tension : 130 N/mm2
• Tensile stress :
on liquid retaining face : 130 N/mm2
on face away from liquid
less than 225mm : 130 N/mm2
more than 225mm : 130 N/mm2
• Axial Compression : 140 N/mm2

2.LOADS
Density of Concrete γc : 25 kN/m3
Density of Soil γs : 18 kN/m3
Density of Water γw : 10 kN/m3
3.SOIL PARAMETERS

Safe Bearing Capacity of soil SBC : 125 kN/m2

4.CONCRETE PARAMETERS
Q= σcbt/6 = 0.333 say = 0.333
280
m :
3*σcbc
= 9.34

n 10/(130/9.34+10) *d
= 0.418
j = 0.861

5.00 CAPACITY CALCULATIONS :

Height Earth pressure from out side = 2.73 m
 Height water pressure from in side = 0.50 m
Length of TANK = 0.9
Width of TANK = 0.90
Capacity of TANK = 0.41 m3

5.03 SIDE WALL :

Design of thickness of wall
Length on longer side Direction L = 1.35
Bredth on shoter direction B = 1.63
Height of wall H = 2.73
Length to height L/H = 0.495
= 2.50 Say
Bredth to height B/H = 0.596
= 2.50 Say
Assumed cover to the wall = 35 mm
Assumed diameter in the wall = 20 mm

Distribution factors
L/H = 2.5 B/H = 2.5
x/a line CD, y=0 line AB, y=b/2 line AB, y=0 line AB, y=b/2
Mx My Mx My Mx My Mx My
0 0 0.027 0 -0.074 0.000 0.027 0.000 -0.074
0.25 0.012 0.022 -0.013 -0.066 0.012 0.022 -0.013 -0.066
0.5 0.011 0.014 -0.011 -0.053 0.011 0.014 -0.011 -0.053
0.75 -0.021 -0.001 -0.005 -0.027 -0.021 -0.001 -0.005 -0.027
1 -0.108 -0.022 0 0 -0.108 -0.022 0.000 0.000

Member Stiffness D.F

AC 0.37 0.55
AE 0.308 0.45
0.678

Joint A
Member AC AE
D.F 0.55 0.45
F.E.M (my) 0.044 0.066
Balance Moment -0.061 -0.05
Final Moment -0.017 0.016
Mid Span Moment (my) 0.027 0.027
Final Moment -0.034 -0.023
Maximum moment coefficients
AC AE
 y=0 y=b/4 y=b/2
b/a x/a
Mx My Mx My Mx My
1 301 0 0.000 0.025 0.000 0.014 0.000 -0.082

2 302 1/4 0.010 0.019 0.007 0.013 -0.014 -0.071

3 303 3 1/2 0.005 0.010 0.008 0.010 -0.011 -0.055

4 304 3/4 -0.033 -0.004 -0.018 0.000 -0.006 -0.028

5 305 1 -0.126 -0.025 -0.092 -0.018 0.000 0.000
6 251 0 0.000 0.027 0.000 0.013 0.000 -0.074

7 252 1/4 0.012 0.022 0.007 0.013 -0.013 -0.066

8 253 2.5 1/2 0.011 0.014 0.008 0.010 -0.011 -0.053

9 254 3/4 -0.021 -0.001 -0.010 -0.001 -0.005 -0.027

10 255 1 -0.108 -0.022 -0.077 -0.015 0.000 0.000
11 201 0 0.000 0.027 0.000 0.009 0.000 -0.060

12 202 1/4 0.013 0.023 0.006 0.010 -0.012 -0.059

13 203 2 1/2 0.015 0.016 0.010 0.010 -0.010 -0.049

14 204 3/4 -0.008 0.003 -0.002 0.003 -0.005 -0.027

15 205 1 -0.086 -0.017 -0.059 -0.012 0.000 0.000
16 176 0 0.000 0.025 0.000 0.007 0.000 -0.050

17 177 1/4 0.012 0.022 0.005 0.008 -0.010 -0.052

18 178 1.75 1/2 0.016 0.016 0.010 0.009 -0.009 -0.460

19 179 3/4 -0.002 -0.005 0.001 -0.004 -0.005 -0.027

20 180 1 -0.074 -0.015 -0.050 -0.010 0.000 0.000
21 151 0 0.000 0.021 0.000 0.005 0.000 -0.040

22 152 1/4 0.008 0.020 0.004 0.007 -0.009 -0.044

23 153 1.5 1/2 0.016 0.016 0.010 0.008 -0.008 -0.042

24 154 3/4 -0.003 -0.006 0.003 -0.004 -0.005 -0.026

25 155 1 -0.060 -0.012 -0.041 -0.008 0.000 0.000
26 126 0 0.000 0.015 0.000 0.003 0.000 -0.029

27 127 1/4 0.005 0.015 0.002 0.005 -0.007 -0.034

28 128 1.25 1/2 0.014 0.015 0.008 0.007 -0.007 -0.037

29 129 3/4 0.006 0.007 0.005 0.005 -0.005 -0.024

30 130 1 -0.047 -0.009 -0.031 -0.006 0.000 0.000
31 101 0 0.000 0.009 0.000 0.002 0.000 -0.018

32 102 1/4 0.002 0.011 0.000 0.003 -0.005 -0.023

33 103 1 1/2 0.009 0.013 0.005 0.005 -0.006 -0.029

34 104 3/4 0.008 -0.008 0.005 0.004 -0.004 -0.020

35 105 1 -0.035 -0.007 -0.022 -0.005 0.000 0.000
36 76 0 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.001 0.000 -0.007

37 77 1/4 0.001 0.008 0.000 0.002 -0.002 -0.011

38 78 0.75 1/2 0.005 0.010 0.002 0.003 -0.003 -0.017

39 79 3/4 0.007 0.007 0.003 0.003 -0.003 -0.013

40 80 1 -0.024 -0.005 -0.015 -0.003 0.000 0.000
41 51 0 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.002

42 52 1/4 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.001 -0.001 -0.004

43 53 0.5 1/2 0.002 0.006 0.001 0.001 -0.002 -0.009

44 54 3/4 0.004 0.006 0.001 0.001 -0.001 -0.007

45 55 1 -0.015 -0.003 -0.008 -0.002 0.000 0.000
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF STP (110 KLD)
1 .STRENGTH PARAMETRS (Refer IS-3370 part II Table-1 & 2)
a) Concrete
Grade : M-30
Permissible Stresses :
• Direct Tension Stress : 1.5 N/mm2
• Direct Compressive Stress : 8 N/mm2
• Bending Tensile Stress (σcbt) : 2.0 N/mm2
• Bending Compressive Stress (σcbc) : 10 N/mm2

b) Steel
Grade : Fe-500
Permissible Stresses :
• Direct Tension : 130 N/mm2
• Tensile stress :
on liquid retaining face : 130 N/mm2
on face away from liquid
less than 225mm : 130 N/mm2
more than 225mm : 130 N/mm2
• Axial Compression : 140 N/mm2

2.LOADS
Density of Concrete γc : 25 kN/m3
Density of Soil γs : 18 kN/m3
Density of Water γw : 10 kN/m3
3.SOIL PARAMETERS

Safe Bearing Capacity of soil SBC : 200 kN/m2

4.CONCRETE PARAMETERS
Q= σcbt/6 = 0.333 say = 0.333
280
m :
3*σcbc
= 9.34

n 10/(130/9.34+10) *d
= 0.418
j = 0.861

5.00 CAPACITY CALCULATIONS :

Height Earth pressure from out side = 3.45 m
Height water pressure from in side = 3.00 m
Length of TANK = 2.60
Width of TANK = 2.50
Capacity of TANK = 20 m3
5.03 SIDE WALL :
Design of thickness of wall
Length on longer side Direction L = 3.60
Bredth on shoter direction B = 3.50
Height of wall H = 4.00
Length to height L/H = 0.71
= 2.50 Say
Bredth to height B/H = 0.686
= 2.50 Say
Assumed cover to the wall = 35 mm
Assumed diameter in the wall = 20 mm

Distribution factors
L/H = 2.5 B/H = 2.5
x/a line CD, y=0 line AB, y=b/2 line AB, y=0 line AB, y=b/2
Mx My Mx My Mx My Mx My
0 0 0.027 0 -0.074 0.000 0.027 0.000 -0.074
0.25 0.012 0.022 -0.013 -0.066 0.012 0.022 -0.013 -0.066
0.5 0.011 0.014 -0.011 -0.053 0.011 0.014 -0.011 -0.053
0.75 -0.021 -0.001 -0.005 -0.027 -0.021 -0.001 -0.005 -0.027
1 -0.108 -0.022 0 0 -0.108 -0.022 0.000 0.000

Member Stiffness D.F

AC 0.139 0.49
AE 0.143 0.51
0.282

Joint A
Member AC AE
D.F 0.49 0.51
F.E.M (my) 0.044 0.066
Balance Moment -0.054 -0.056
Final Moment -0.010 0.01
Mid Span Moment (my) 0.027 0.027
Final Moment -0.027 -0.029
Maximum moment coefficients
AC AE
Support -0.010 0.010
 My
Mid Span -0.027 -0.029
Support -0.108 -0.108
Mx
Mid Span -0.013 -0.013

Shear Coefficients from table-8 IS 3370-IV 2.000

Long Wall αL for L/H = 2.5 = 0.391 wa2 at mid point of AB
Short Wall αs for B/H = 2.5 = 0.391 wa2 at mid point of AE

A Design of long wall

Case 1 Empty Condition
Refer Table 5 of IS 3370 part IV
Thickness at top tt = 0.50 m
Thickness at bottom tb = 0.50 m

Height of water pressure from in side Hw = 3.00 m

Height of earth pressure from out side He = 3.45 m
Angle of Repose Ø = 26 deg
Active Pressure Coefficients = ((1-sinØ)/(1+SinØ) k = 0.39
Saturated Earth Pressure from outside
resultant earth density γ' = γs-γw

= 8 kN/m3
k x γ' = 3.12
Vertical Moment at base Mx*(γw+γ')*He3 Mv1 = -58.19 kN/m2
Vertical Moment at mid span Mx*(γw+γ')*He 3
Mv2 = -7.00 kN/m2
3

Horizontal Moment at Support My*(γw+γ')*He Mh1 = -5.39 kN/m2

Horizontal Moment at mid span My*(γw+γ')*He 3
Mh2 = -14.55 kN/m2

Thrust on long wall due to shear on short wall 0.3905 x wa2 T = 60.981 kN
 Thickness of wall required D = M/(Q*B)
= 418 mm
Effective thickness d = 455 mm
= < 500 mm
Ast = M/(σst j d)

Area of Steel for Mv1 = 1143 mm2

Area of Steel for Mv2 = 138 mm2
Area of Steel for Mh1 = 106 mm2
Area of Steel for Mh2 = 286 mm2

(Refer IS-3370 part II Clause 7.1)

Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24%
Minimum % of reinforcement for 0.25 th = 600 mm2
Vertical Reinforcement up to height of (3.45/2)

12 dia at 150 mm c/c upto 1.5m Height

Vertical reinforcement provided up to (1.73) height = 1340 mm2
Vertical Reinforcement from (1.725)meter to remaning height
12 dia at 300 mm c/c for the remaining ht = 670 mm2
Horizontal steel :
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24% = 600 mm2
12 dia at 150 mm c/c to the full height of wall
Horizontal reinforcement provided for full heigth of wall = 754 mm2

Case 2 No Earth filling out side and water full condition

Vertical Moment at base Mx*γw *Hw Mv1 = -29.16 kN/m2

Vertical Moment at mid span Mx*γw *Hw Mv2 = -3.51
3

3
kN/m2
3

Horizontal Moment at Support My*γw*Hw Mh1 = -2.70 kN/m2

Horizontal Moment at mid span My*γw*Hw Mh2 = -7.29

3
kN/m2

pull on long wall due to shear on short wall 0.3905 x wa2 T = 35.15 kN
Eccentricity of pull d-D/2 x = 205.00
mm
Net Horizontal moment at support Mh1 Mh1-x*T Mh1 = 4.51 kN/m2
Net Horizontal moment at support Mh1 Mh2-x*T Mh2 = -14.50 kN/m2

Area of Steel required for Pull Ast = 270 m

 Thickness of wall required D = M/(QB)
= 296 mm
Effective thickness d = 455 mm
= < 500 mm
Ast = M/(σst j d)

Area of Steel for Mv1 = 573 mm2

Area of Steel for Mv2 = 69 mm2
Area of Steel for Mh1 = 88 mm2
270+88 Total = 358 mm2
Area of Steel for Mh2 = 285 mm2
270+285 Total = 555 mm2

(Refer IS-3370 part II Clause 7.1)

Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24%
Minimum % of reinforcement for 0.25 th = 600 mm2
Vertical Reinforcement up to height of (3.45/2)

12 dia at 150 mm c/c upto 1.5m Height

Vertical reinforcement provided up to (1.73) height = 1340 mm2
Vertical Reinforcement from (1.725)meter to remaning height
12 dia at 300 mm c/c for the remaining ht = 670 mm2
Horizontal steel :
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24% = 600 mm2
12 dia at 150 mm c/c to the full height of wall
Horizontal reinforcement provided for full heigth of wall = 754 mm2
 A Design of Short wall

Case 1 Empty Condition Saturated Earth Pressure from outside

Vertical Moment at base Mx*(γw+γ')*He Mv1 = -58.19 kN/m2

Vertical Moment at mid span Mx*(γw+γ')*He3 Mv2 = -7.00 kN/m2

3

Horizontal Moment at Support My*(γw+γ')*He3 Mh1 = 5.39 kN/m 2

Horizontal Moment at mid span My*(γw+γ')*He3 Mh2 = -15.62 kN/m2

Thrust on short wall due to shear on long wall 0.3905 x wa2 T = 14.502 kN

Thickness of wall required D = M/(Q*B)

= 418 mm
Effective thickness d = 455 mm
= < 500 mm
Ast = M/(σst j d)

Area of Steel for Mv1 = 1143 mm2

Area of Steel for Mv2 = 138 mm2
Area of Steel for Mh1 = 106 mm2
Area of Steel for Mh2 = 307 mm2

(Refer IS-3370 part II Clause 7.1)

Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24%
Minimum % of reinforcement for 0.25 th = 600 mm2
Vertical Reinforcement up to height of (3.45/2)

12 dia at 150 mm c/c upto 1.5m Height

Vertical reinforcement provided up to (1.73) height = 1340 mm2
Vertical Reinforcement from (1.725)meter to remaning height
12 dia at 300 mm c/c for the remaining ht = 670 mm2
Horizontal steel :
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24% = 600 mm2
12 dia at 150 mm c/c to the full height of wall
Horizontal reinforcement provided for full heigth of wall = 754 mm2
Case 2 No Earth filling out side and water full condition
Vertical Moment at base Mx*γw *Hw Mv1 = -29.16 kN/m2
3

Vertical Moment at mid span Mx*γ w*Hw3 Mv2 = -3.51 kN/m2

Horizontal Moment at Support My*γw*Hw 3
Mh1 = 2.7 kN/m2
3

Horizontal Moment at mid span My*γw*Hw Mh2 = -7.83 kN/m2

pull on short wall due to shear on long wall 0.3905 x wa2 T = 60.980 kN
Eccentricity of pull d-D/2 x = 205 mm
Net Horizontal moment at support Mh1 Mh1-x*T Mh1 = -9.801 kN/m2
Net Horizontal moment at support Mh1 Mh2-x*T Mh2 = -20.331 kN/m2

Area of Steel required for Pull Ast = 469 mm2

Thickness of wall required D = M/(QB)

= 295.918 mm
Effective thickness d = 455 mm
= < 500 mm
Ast = M/(σst j d)

Area of Steel for Mv1 = 573 mm2

Area of Steel for Mv2 = 69 mm2
Area of Steel for Mh1 = 53 mm2
469+53 Total = 522 mm2
Area of Steel for Mh2 = 154 mm2
469+154 Total = 623 mm2

(Refer IS-3370 part II Clause 7.1)

Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24%
Minimum % of reinforcement for 0.25 th = 600 mm2
Vertical Reinforcement up to height of (3.45/2)

12 dia at 150 mm c/c upto 1.5m Height 12 dia at

Vertical reinforcement provided up to (1.73) height = 1340 150 mm c/c
Vertical Reinforcement from (1.725)meter to remaning height to the full height
of wall
12 dia at 300 mm c/c for the remaining ht = 670
Horizontal steel :
Minimum % of reinforcement as per code 0.24% = 600
mm2 mm2 mm2
Horizontal reinforcement provided for full heigth of wall = 754 mm2
5.04 Check for Shear
Long wall at mid height V/bd 60.98*1000/(1000*455) = 0.134 <2.9
Long wall at bottom 0.5wa2b 0.5x10x3x3x3.6/3.6 = 45.000
45x1000/1000x455 Tv = 0.099 <2.9
short wall at mid height V/bd 35.15*1000/(1000*455) = 0.077 <2.9
Short wall at bottom 0.5wa2b 0.5x10x3x3x3.5/3.5 = 45.000
45x1000/1000x455 Tv = 0.099 <2.9

5.04 Design of Base Slab

Cover slab Weight 3.60X3.50x6.25 = 85 kN

Beam Weight 0 = 0 kN
Weight of LONG walls 2x3.60x5.10x25 = 918 kN
Weight of SHORT walls 2x3.50x5.10x25 = 893 kN
Weight of Earth Filling on Base slab Projection 2x(3.60+3.50)x3.0X1.50x22 1406 kN
Total Load = 3301 kN

Provide 750 mm slab projection in base slab 750 Size of base slab Ly = 5.10 m
Lx = 5.00 m
Design NUP = 129.46 kN/mm2
Say = 130.00 kN/mm2

Thickness of Slab t = 400 mm

Ly = 3.60 m
Lx = 3.50 m
1 Type of Panel : Interior panel
2.75 Ly/Lx = 1.03
Interior panel 2.4
Moment Coefficient as per Table 26 of IS 456 - 2000 -αx = 0.033
+αx = 0.025
-αy = 0.032
+αy = 0.024
Moments along short span :
Support moment = 130*0.033*3.5^2 = 53.11 kNm
long wall moment = -58.19 kNm
Span moment = 130*0.025*3.5^2 = 39.83 kNm
Moments along longer span :
Support moment = 130*0.032*3.5^2 = 50.96 kNm
long wall moment = -58.19 kNm
 Span moment = 130*0.024*3.5^2 = 38.22 kNm
Depth required 'D' 58.19 x 10^3
= = 418.02 mm
0.333

Provided depth D = 450 mm

= 450-(50+10)
Effective depth d = 390 mm
= ok
Area of Reinforcement (Ast) = M.R
σst*j*d
Area of bottom steel in shorter direction = 1333 mm2
Area of top steel in shorter direction = 912 mm2
Area of bottom steel in longer direction = 1333 mm2
Area of top steel in longer direction = 876 mm2

Min Area of reinforcement (Ast min) = (0.24*1000*450)/100/2 = 540 sqmm

Shorter span :
Top Ast : 12 @150c/c
Provided : 1608 sqmm OK
Bot Ast : 12 @150c/c
Provided : 1608 sqmm OK
Longer span :
Top Ast : 12 @150c/c
Provided : 1608 sqmm OK
Bot Ast : 16 @125c/c
Provided : 1608 sqmm OK
 check for deflection :
fs = 62.487
pt = 0.41
MF = 2.00
d required = 46.8
d provided = 390
d provided > d required = ok

5.05 Check for uplift

Loads :
Cover slab Weight 3.60X3.50x6.25 = 85 kN
Beam Weight 0 = 0
kN Weight of Horizontal walls 2x3.60x5.10x25 = 918
kN Weight of Vertical walls 2x3.50x5.10x25 = 893
kN weight of base slab 5.1x5x450x25/1000 = 287
kN Water load 5.10x5.0x3.00x10 765
kN Total = 2947 kN

Gross Upward Pressure 2947/5.1/5 = 115.57 kN/mm2

Uplift Pressure 3x10 = 30 kN/mm2
Safe
 DESIGN OF PURLINS
Input Parameters;

Dead load = 280 N/m² Purlin Section = LC 75x38x15x2.0

Live load = 400 N/m² Properties; Fy = 248 Mpa
Wind Pressure = 860 N/m² Sx = 7.5 x 10³ mm³
Roof angle, θ = 17.35 Sy = 2.8 x 10³ mm³
Purlin spacing = 0.6 m Self Weight, W = 25.3 N/m
Sag rod = 2 m E = 200 Gpa
Truss spacing, L = 2.71 m Ix = 282 x 10³ mm⁴

FORCE ANALYSIS;
Solve for Weight Normal and Tangential
Self wt 1.2DL+1.6LL Wind load

Wn = cosθ W = 24.16 558.96 516.00 N/m

Wt = sinθ W = 7.55 174.63 N/m
Max moment due to load,
Self wt 1.2DL+1.6LL Wind load

Mx = Wn L²/9 = 19.71 456.11 421.06 Nm

My = Wt L²/90 = 0.62 14.25 Nm
STRESS DUE TO LOADS;
* Since load tangential (DL & LL) acted on top, divide Sy by 2.
Self wt 1.2DL+1.6LL Wind load
ƒbx = Mx/Sx = 2.63 60.82 56.14
ƒby = My/Sy = 0.22 10.18
ƒbx = Mx/Sx = 119.59 Mpa
ƒby =
My/Sy = 10.40 Mpa
ALLOWABLE BENDING STRESS; Considered Compact Section
F bx = 0.66 Fy = 163.68 Mpa
F by = 0.75 Fy = 186.00 Mpa
CHECK ADEQUACY ;
ƒbx ƒby
+ ≤ 1.0
F bx F by
0.79 < 1.0 Pass!
CHECK FOR DEFLECTION ;
δallow = L / 240 = 11.29 mm
δact = 5 Wn L⁴ / 384 EI
δact = 6.96 < 11.29 Pass!

Therefore use, LC 75x38x15x2.0mm thck C-Channel space @ 0.6m. Provide sag rod @ every one-third betwee truss.
 TRUSS COMPUTATION
L50x50x6mm
Input Parameters:
COMPRESSION AND TENSION MEMBERS COMPUTATION
Angle Type - Single.Angle Metal specs - A36 Welding Rod, Fexx - E70xx
Section - L51X51X6.4 Fy - 248 Mpa Weld Length, Lw - 75 mm
Section Properties, Ag - 609 mm² Max Compressive Force - 1.7 KN Weld thickness, t - 5 mm
Radius of gyration, ry - 15 Max Tension Force - 1.7 KN Eccentricity, x - 15.03 mm
Radius of gyration, rz - 10 Max Length, Lm - 1 m
b/t - 8 , b - 51 Effective length Factor, K - 1
CONDITION;
If KL/r ≤ Cc use, Fcr = [0.658^(Fy/Fe)]Fy
If KL/r > Cc use, Fcr = 0.877 Fe
* Where KL/r shall not be greater than to 200
CHECK ALLOWABLE TENSILE FORCE AISC Specs Sec. D
Ø = 0.90
Pu = Ø Fy Ag
Pu = 135.93 > 1.7 Pass
CHECK SECTION COMPACTNESS AISC Specs Table B4.1a
0.45 √(E/Fy) = 12.78
0.71 √(E/Fy) = 20.16
b/t = 8.0
b/t < 0.45 √(E/Fy), Therefore Nonslender Section
b/t < 0.71 √(E/Fy), Flexural-Torsional Buckling does not Apply
CHECK CRITICAL SLENDERNESS RATIO AISC Specs Sec. E
L/ra = 101.73, L/ra > 80; Therefore use KL/ra = 32+1.25L/r
Cc = 4.71 √(E/Fy) = 133.76
KL/r = 32+1.25L/r = 159.16
159.16 > 133.76, Therefore use Fcr = 0.877 Fe
Fe = π² E/(KL/r)² = 77.92
Fcr = 0.877 Fe = 68.34
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF SECTION; AISC Specs Sec. E CHECK WELDING CONNECTION,
Pn = Fcr Ag = 41.62 Fillet Welds Fexx = 482 Mpa
ØPn = 0.90 Fcr Ag = 37.46 Fnw = 0.60 Fexx (1.0) = 289.2
ØPn = 37.46 > 1.7 Pass! Awe = 0.707 t 2Lw = 530.25
L = (L1 + L2) /2 = 75
U = 1 - (x/L) = 0.80
Rn = U Fnw Awe = 122.62
ØRn = 91.966 > 1.7 Pass!

Therefore use, L51X51X6.4mm Single Angle Bar, with 5 mm thck fillet welds at 75mm length
in all Connections.
Design of Pedestal:

Design Load :
Load transmitted by girt = 23.0 KN
Load due to GI Pipe 6” dia sch.60 = 54.0 KN
Load due to self weight (0.10 DL) = 5.4 KN
Total Design Load = 82.4 KN

Check for L/r :

R = minimum dimension of rectangular column

L = unsupported length of column
Ø = 0.70 for rectangular column
F’c = 20.70 MPa
Fy = 275 MPa

Using Trial Section: 300mm x 300mm rectangular column reinf. by 6 -16mmØ RSB tied by 10mm Ø RSB spaced at 3
@ 0.05m, 3 @ 0.10m, rest @ 0.15m

Check for L/r = 6.0( 1000) = 20< 34

300

Pg = As/ Ag where As = 6 (113.097mm²) = 452.388 mm²

Ag = 300 (300) = 90,000 mm²

Pg = 0.00502

Pu = Ø(0.80)Ag[0.85F’c{(1-Pg)} + Fy(Pg)]

Where F’c = 20.70 MPa,

Fy = 275 Mpa
By Substitution:

Pu = 2,106.547 KN > P actual = 4.4 KN

Therefore the Section is suitable to carry the Pedestal Load and recommended to adopt the section.

Design for G.I. Column Base Plate

Aplate = Column Load

Fp
Where Fp is the allowable bearing stress of concrete. According to section 5.10.10.2 of NSCP, in the absence of code
regulation, the stress apply on the full area of concrete support is
Fp = 0.35f’c
Where f’c is the specified compressive strength of concrete, 3000psi or 20.70MPa.
Fp = 0.35 x 20.70MPa
Fp = 7.35MPa

Aplate = 4.4kN x 1000N/kN

7.35N/mm2
Aplatereq’d = 598.64mm2 < Aplateactual ok!

Allowable Bending Stress on Steel, Fb

Fb = 0.75Fy = 0.75(248MPa)
Fb = 186MPa

N2 = A = 62,500mm2
N = 250mm
n = (250 – 72.39)/2
n = 88.805mm

Plate Thickness, t = √(3Fpn2/Fb)

t = √(3x7.35MPa x 88.8052/ 186MPa)
 t =30.576mm,
therefor use t = 6.35mm(1/4”) base plate

- Therefore use 300mm x 300mm with Plate Area of 90,000mm2 and thickness of 15mm with
anchor bolt of 4-16mmØx 8”
 DESIGN AND BUILD OF EXISTING SEWAGE
TREATMENT PLANT UPGRADING
Structural Analysis
220 Malvar St., ONP Compound Puerto Princesa City

DESIGNED BY:

ROCKY M. SIORES
Civil Engineer
PRC Reg. No. 0111516
PTR No. 1925073
TIN No. 408-875-292
Issued on: January 08, 2024
Issued at: Puerto Princesa City