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IS 1892 : 2021

considering variation in substrata bascd on the The depth of investigation also depends on the risk
preliminary subsurtace investigation or available the
induced by the presence of wcaker formations
influence zone to bc stressed due
below
the proposed
geotechnical data in an alrcady developed site. The
investigation points should be arranged in such a construction.
pattern that the stratification can be assessed across 5.6.3.2 The following guidelines may be followed for
the site. The guidelines as specified in 5.6.2 and 5.6.3
adopting the depth of investigation:
may be adopted for deciding the location and denth of
boreholes/trial pits and other in-situ tests. a) Shallow foundation (other than raft foundations )
in soil The depth of investigation shall be up
5.6.2 Disposition of Boreholes/Trial Pits to 2 to 3 times the 'estimated width of the largest
foundation below the expected founding level.
The guidelines for disposition of boreholes/trial pits
are given in Table 2. In case significant variation in b) Rafi foundation (minimum foundation width
stratification is observed, additional boreholes/tests, as equal to 6 m for the purpose of ivestigation)
in soil Raft foundation is a substructure
required may be carried out.
supporting an arrangement of columns or walls
Table 2 Disposition of Borehole/Trial Pit
in a row or rows and transmitting the loads to
(Clause 5.6.2 ) the soil by means of a continuous slab with or
without depressions or openings. In case of raft
S Type of Location of
No. Structure/Buildings Borehole/Trial Pit foundation the depth of investigation shallbe up to
(1) (2) (3) 1.0 to 2.0 times the width of the raft foundation
i) loaded At least
below the expected founding level.
For lightly one

residential building (such as borehole/trial pit in the c) Pilefoundation in soil-The depth ofinvestigation
single/double storeyed building) centre of the building shall be sufficiently below the expected founding
(see Note) level of piles but this should not be less than 5 m
ii For building(s) in site At least one borehole or 5 times the diameter of piles, whichever is more
covering an area of about in each corner and one beyond the estimated pile termination level.
0.4 hectares in the centre
d) Embankments The depth of investigation shall
iii) a) For structure/building Boreholes in a grid be 1.0 to 2.0 times the height of the embankment.
having any of the plan pattern with points at
dimensions exceeding 50 m not more than 50 m e) Well foundation in soil The depth of
b) For multiple buildings in distance, subject to investigation in the case of well foundation shall
of a minimum of two be 1.5 to 2.0 times the width/diameter of the well
a site covering an area boreholes. Boreholes
more than 0.4 hectares from the estimated termination level of the well.
should cover built-up
c) For multistoried buildings areas. f) Penetration into rock In case rock formation
and structure of height less
is encountered prior to the termination depth of
than and equal to 50 m
iv) For multistoried buildings and Minimum three boreholes as stipulated in (a) to (e) above, the
structure of height more than 50 boreholes at each boreholes may be extended by minimum 5 m in
m building/structure rock strata depending upon rock characteristics
v) Linear structures (roads, railways, Boreholes at a spacing and project requirements.
embankments, pipelines, of 50 m to 500 m NOTE The depth of investigation may be suitably arived
boundary walls, tunnels, retaining In highly erratic as per the specific requirements for any other foundation/
walls, transmission lines, etc) substrata, spacing may substructure.
be suitably reduced.
In uniform substrata, 5.6.4 Other In-situ Tests
the spacing may be
suitably increased.
Thelocation and depth of investigation for other in-situ
One borehole for every
tests shallbe as per the requirements.
vi) Solar power plant
2 to5 hectares subject 6 IN-SITU TESTING
to a minimum of
5 boreholes per site In-situ tests provide information about the strength and
NOTE--Boreholes are preferred over trial pits. deformability characteristics of the strata. Following
are the in-situ tests which may be conducted depending
5.6.3 Depth of Imvestigation on the nature of the strata and project requirements:
5.6.3.1 The depth of investigation shall be adequate a) Standard penetration test (SPT);
enough to provide necessary data for estimating b) Vane shear test (VST);
safe bearing capacity and settlement. In general, the c) Pressuremeter test (PMT):
investigation shall be carried out to a minimum depth to
which the increase in stress level due to the foundation d) Plate load test (PLT);
load is lesser than 10 percent of the in-situ stress level. e) Cyclic plate load test (CPLT):