Introducing IMS Standardization

WANG XinLong
CAICT
Contents

• IMS Summary

• International IMS Standards

• IMS Standards in China

3GPP Release 99 Network architecture

Circuit Switched (CS) domain

MAP
A MSC- PSTN/ISDN
G-MSC
VLR PSTN/ISDN
BTS BSC

Gb
CAP MAP
GSM Base Station System
other
SCP HLR SMS SC PLMN

CAP MAP
Iu CS Gp
NodeB RNC
GPRS backbone Internet
Iu PS SGSN IP transport GGSN
Gi Intranet
UMTS Terrestrial Gn
Radio Access Network
Packet Switched (PS) domain
Radio Access Network Interworked
Core Network Network
3GPP Release 4 Network architecture

Circuit Switched (CS) domain

SCP HLR
BTS BSC
CAP MAP
A
G-MSC
GSM Base Station System MSC
server
server BICC
other
H.248 / H.248 / PLMN
MEGACO MEGACO
based based

NodeB RNC Iu CS IP or ATM

CS-MGW MGW PSTN/ISDN
transport
UTRAN

Access Network Interworked

Core Network Network
3GPP Release 5 Network architecture

Circuit Switched (CS) domain

BTS BSC services & services &

HLR HSS
applications applications

GSM BSS

Gb/Iu PS MAP Internet

CSCF SIP
SIP MGCF

IP transport H.248

Iu PS MGW PSTN/ISDN
NodeB RNC 3G-SGSN GGSN Gi
IP access with mobility
UTRAN
Packet Switched (PS) domain
Interworked
Access Network Core Network Network
3GPP Release 5 - Packet switched domain

IN/CAMEL, OSA/Parlay, SIP applications

Application Platform

Legacy PLMN IP Multimedia Subsystem

Signaling CSCF
Networks External IP
MGCF Networks
Data
Packet Switched bases
Web server
HSS
Domain
3G-
GGSN IP MGW
3G- TDM
SGSN
POTS/ISDN

UTRAN Web / Email

Internet Access without IMS
SIP Communication (IMS)
Multimedia phone
Mobility Network Evolution

2G 2.5G 3G- R99 3G - R4 3G – R5

2.75G

GSM UMTS MSC Server MSC Server

MSC MSC MSC

CS CS
MGW MGW
+
CS CS CS
PS
GPRS
+ + +
EDGE PS PS PS

GGSN
SGSN GGSN
GGSN GGSN
SGSN SGSN SGSN

IMS
Voice
Packet
2G 3G
IP Multimedia Subsystem （IMS）

The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)

• provides a standardised multimedia solution for 3G networks on top of
the IP bearer provided by GPRS
• includes functionality for security, charging, roaming, and Quality of
Service
• is regarded as the generic service enabler for future IP multimedia
applications in 3GPP networks
- Examples: Presence and Messaging Services will be standardised via IMS
• is based on IETF Protocols
- SIP and SIP extensions
- Diameter, COPS, …
IMS
Web Portal
Application
Layer
Application
Servers
IMS is:
 Home control service infrastructure
 A VoIP Telephony and Multimedia
Services Architecture
Session
Control
Session Centralized  Defined with Open Standard
Layer
Control Databases Interfaces -> 3GPP and 3GPP2
CSCF HSS
 Based on IETF Protocols (SIP, Diameter,
RTP…)
Access
Network  Applicable for Both Wireless and
Media
Server
Wireline Networks
 A Solution for Service Transparency
Media Control
&  Capable of Interworking with
Gateways PSTN/PLMN and Legacy IN Based
Services
Media and
End Point Other
Layer Networks
IMS: Key Principles

• SIP as the single , Call Control“ Protocol for IP Multimedia Services

• Use IPv6
- all IMS Network Entities including the mobile terminal use IPv6
• Access Independence
- the IMS is designed independent of the underlying IP connectivity network
- specifications re-used by 3GPP2 for CDMA2000 systems
- access via WLAN will be defined
• Allow Binding between SIP Dialogue and the GPRS Media Session via Go
interface
- in particular for QoS and Charging
IMS: Network entity
IMS in 3GPP and5 protocol
Release – 网络实体和协议

SGW
HTTP Others
Applications Operator 1 Operator 2
and
… …
Multimedia
Diameter CSCF BGCF
Services
Sh
HSS IP
Mw Mk
HLR Networks

SIP
SIP SIP

Diameter
Si ISC
Mm SIP TCP UDP
BGCF
CAP

IM-SSF SLF

SIP
Mi
Cx Dx
CS Domain
OSA

OSA-SCS SIP Mj
Diameter
-or-

SIP
Sc

ISUP
SIP CSCF MGCF SGW
AS PDF Mg PSTN
Mr H248
SIP Mp
Mn -or-
MAP
Legacy

COPS
SCP MRF-C MRF-P
MGW
Gm
Gr Gc Go
H248
-or-
CAP SIP External
GGSN TCP/IP/UDP/RTP/…

UE Gn
Alternative
GERAN
MT TE SGSN
R Uu UTRAN Iu PS Domain Access Networks
IMS: Network entity
• CSCF (Call Session Control Function)
• HSS (Home Subscriber Server)
• PDF (Policy Decision Function) Additionally:
- QoS Entities
• SLF (Subscription Locator Function)
- Charging Entities
• MRF (Multimedia Resource Function)
- Security Entities
• BGCF (Breakout Gateway Control Function) - Presence Service Entities
• MGCF (Media Gateway Control Function) - Location Service Entities
• MGW (Media Gateway) - Push Service Entities
• SGW (Signalling Gateway) - OAM and NM Entities
• AS (Application Server) - Firewalls, NAT, IPv4/v6, …
- DNS, DHCP, …
• IM-SSF (IP Multimedia Service Switching Function)
• OSA-SCS (Service Capability Server)
P-CSCF (Proxy CSCF)

First contact point of an operator‘s network (within IMS CN subsystem)

• Forwarding of SIP messages between UE and CN

• Generation of charging records

• Translation of IDs other than SIP URIs into SIP URIs (e.g. E.164 numbers)

• Authorisation of bearer resources and QoS management

I-CSCF (Interrogating CSCF)

First contact point of an operator‘s network (for other operators)

• Forwarding of SIP messages (proxy functionality)

• Assignment of a S-CSCF

• Generation of charging records

• Hiding of internal network configuration/capacity/topology

S-CSCF (Serving CSCF)

Performs session control and service triggering

• Acts as a registrar

• May behave as a Proxy Server, i.e. it accepts requests and services or

forwards them on.

• May behave as a User Agent, i.e. it may terminate and independently

generate SIP transactions.

• Interaction with service platform(s)

• Generation of charging records

• Authentication
HSS

Database for subscriber related information

• User Profile
• User Identification, Numbering and addressing information (SIP, Mail, E.164,
Labels, IMSI, ...)
• User authentication support
• Call control support
• Access authentication support
• Service authorization support
• Service provisioning support
BGCF (Breakout Gateway Control Function)

• Selects the network in which PSTN breakout is to occur

- Forwards the session to a MGCF (selected by the BGCF) in the same network

- Forwards the session to an other BGCF (or MGCF) in a foreign network

• Receives request from S-CSCF to select appropriate PSTN break out point
for the session

• Generation of charging records

MRF

The MRF is split into Multimedia Resource Function Controller

(MRFC) and Multimedia Resource Function Processor(MRFP). It
is mainly for conferencing and announcements.

• MRFC-- Control the media stream resources in the MRFP

• MRFP-- Provide resources to be controlled by the MRFC and Media stream

processing (e.g. audio transcoding, media analysis)
IMS: Register and session setup

Home Network of UE A Home Network of UE B

HSS-A User Profile I-CSCF-B HSS-B
4
5
3

CSCF = Call Session Control Function

I-CSCF-A S-CSCF-A S-CSCF-B
(I = Interrogating,
P= Proxy,
S = Serving)

UE A UE B HSS = Home Subscriber Server

Call Control / Dialog

6
REGISTER

INVITE

UE = User Equipment

1 2 7

P-CSCF-A Media Session P-CSCF-B

Network visited by UE A Network visited by UE B

Contents

• IMS Summary

• International IMS Standards

• IMS Standards in China

3GPP organization structureGPP
组织结构以及与IMS相关的工作组

Stage 3 (Protocols):

SIP IMS Stage 1

CAMEL Interworking IMS Arch.(Stage 2)

COPS, Interworking IMS Security ISIM

DIAMETER

OSA Interworking IMS Charging

IMS Release 5 specification(一)

• IMS Stage 1
- 3GPP TS 22.228: IP multimedia subsystem; Stage 1

• IMS Stage-2/3
- 3GPP TS 23.228: IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2

- 3GPP TS 24.229: IP Multimedia Call Control Protocol based on SIP and SDP; Stage 3

- 3GPP TS 29.228: IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem Cx Interface; Signalling flows and

message contents

- 3GPP TS 29.229: Cx Interface based on the Diameter protocol; Protocol details

- Others are TS 23.218, 29.229, 29.328, 29.329

IMS Release 5 specification(二)
• 3GPP requirements and architecture
- 3GPP TS 23.002, 23.003, 23.008, 23.221, 27.060

• 3GPP QoS management and Service Based Local Policy for IMS
- 3GPP TS 23.207, 29.207, 29.208

• 3GPP Charging and Billing for IMS

- 3GPP TS 32.200, 32.225

• 3GPP Security for IMS

- 3GPP TS 33.203, 33.210

• Signalling Flows for IMS

- 3GPP TS 24.228: Signalling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on SIP and SDP; Stage 3

• CAMEL Support for IMS

- 3GPP TS 23.278, 29.278
IMS Release 6 specification

• Interoperability and Commonality – support for use of the IMS core by other
access technologies

• IMS Local Services – support for access to services in visited network

• IMS to PS Interworking – support for interworking with IP endpoints including

IPv4/IPv6 interworking…

• IMS to CS Interworking – support for SIP/ISUP interworking and CS roaming

scenarios

• IMS Conferencing – support for IMS based conference provision and control
IMS Release 6 specification

• SIP Capabilities Enhancements – support for enhanced SIP capabilities such

as forking

• QoS and Service Based Local Policy Enhancements – support for Gq

interface and non-IMS applications

• WLAN Interworking – support for WLAN

• Presence Capability – support for presence

• Generic User Profile – support for user data management

3GPP IMS Recommendations

 3GPP TS 23.002: Technical Specification Group Services and Systems Aspects; Network Architecture
 An overview of mobility network, including CS, PS and IMS
 Brief introduction to mobility network architecture & configuration
 Section 4.a.7 and 5.5 defines IMS

 3GPP TS 22.228: Service requirements for the Internet Protocol (IP) multimedia core network
subsystem (IMS); Stage 1
 Defines service requirements from users’ and operators’ perspective for the support of IP multimedia applications.
 It defines the support of IP multimedia applications, not the applications themselves

 3GPP TS 23.228: IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2

 Overall technical description of IMS. (more detailed than 22.228)
 Divided into concept and procedure sections.
 Concept section gives definition of services, UE naming, etc.
 Procedure section gives an high-level procedures needed to setup a session.
3GPP IMS Recommendations (cont.)

 3GPP TS 23.218: IP Multimedia (IM) session handling; IM call model; Stage 2

 Functional requirement of CSCF
 Functional requirement of HSS
 Functional requirement of MRFC
 IMS Session handling for Application servers

 3GPP TS 24.228: Signaling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on Session
Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3
 3GPP TS 24.229: Internet Protocol (IP) multimedia call control protocol based on Session
Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3 Overall technical
description of IMS.

27 | IMS Overview | November 2007

Major SIP related RFCs in IMS

 RFC 3261 – (base) SIP protocol

 RFC 3262 – Reliability of provisional responses in SIP
 RFC 3265 – SIP specific event notification
 RFC 3312 – Integration of resource management and SIP
 RFC 3313 – Private SIP extensions for media authorization RFC 3608 – SIP extension header field for service route
 RFC 3323 – Privacy mechanism for SIP discovery
 RFC 3325 – Private SIP extensions for network asserted identity RFC 3680 – SIP event package for registrations
 RFC 3327 – SIP extension header field for registering contacts RFC 3311 – SIP UPDATE method
 RFC 3428 – SIP extension for instant messaging
RFC 3515 – SIP REFER method
 RFC 3455 – Private header extensions to SIP for 3GPP
RFC 2976 – SIP INFO method
RFC 3326 – Reason Header for SIP
How IMS uses SIP

IMS defines extensions to headers and parameters to address specific needs

 auth-param: Allows passing of Integrity Key and Cipher Key during the registration process
 tokenized-by: Allows carrying of encrypt/decrypt strings within the SIP headers to implement the I-CSCF
THIG function.
 P-Asserted-Identity: Allows the network (e.g. P-CSCF) to assert a public user identity for identifying the
calling user.
 P-Called-Party-ID: Allows the terminating UE to learn dialed public user identity that triggered the call.
 P-Access-Network-Info: Allows the UE to provide information related to the access network it is using
(e.g. cell ID).
 P-Visited-Network-ID: Allows the home network to discover, via registration, the identities of other
networks utilized by the user.
 P-Associated-URI: Allows the home network (e.g. S-CSCF) to return a set of URIs associated with the
public user identity under registration.
 P-Charging-Function-Addresses: Allows for distributing addresses of charging function entities.
 P-Charging-Vector: Allows for sharing of charging correlation information (e.g. ICID).
Contents

• IMS Summary

• International IMS Standards

• IMS Standards in China

CCSA TC5 (China Communications Standards
Association) IMS Standardization

 Technical Requirements for IMS system device

 Test Method for IMS system device

 Technical Requirements for IMS system – Cx/Dx/Sh Interface

 Test Method for IMS system – Cx/Dx/Sh Interface

 Technical Requirements for IMS system – Mg/Mi/Mj/Mk/Mw/Gm Interface

 Test Method for IMS system – Mg/Mi/Mj/Mk/Mw/Gm Interface

 Technical Requirements for IMS system – ISC/Ma Interface

 Test Method for IMS system – ISC/Ma Interface

CCSA TC5 (China Communications Standards
Association) IMS Standardization (cont.)

 General Technical Requirements of Voice over LTE（VoLTE

 Technical requirements for network equipments of Voice over LTE(VoLTE)

 Test Method for network equipments of Voice over LTE (VoLTE)

 Technical Specification for User Equipment of voice over LTE（VoLTE）

 Test Method for User Equipment of voice over LTE（VoLTE）

 Part I: Function and Performance Test

 Test Method for User Equipment of voice over LTE（VoLTE）Part2:Conformance Test

Trainer: Xinlong Wang
E-mail: [email protected]
Department: The Institute of Communication Standards Research
Photo：86-10-62300184
Thank you for your attention

中国信息通信研究院 http://www.caict.ac.cn