PRESENTATION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2 The term sustainable development was first used at the Cocoyoc

Declaration on Environment and Development in the early 1970 report It
Defination is contained in our common future – the 1987 report of the
proceeding of the World Commission on Environment and Development

3 Global pandemics, climate change, natural disasters, poor soil conditions,

deforestation — these issues are at the heart of sustainable development and
at the heart of the work of The Earth Institute.

4 Ignoring the issues of sustainable development has many possible

consequences, such as rising sea levels, extreme droughts, erosion and loss
of forests, increases in slum populations, species extinctions and collapsing
fisheries. There is also increasing evidence that issues such as water
scarcity play a role in internal violence and regional conflict. rising sea
levelsextreme droughtserosion and loss of forests increases in slum
populationsspecies extinctionscollapsing fisheriesplay a role in internal
violence and regional conflict rising sea levelsextreme droughtserosion and
loss of forests increases in slum populationsspecies extinctionscollapsing
fisheriesplay a role in internal violence and regional conflict The question of
"Is sustainable development feasible?" is the subject of the two-day
conference, State of the Planet, taking place at The Earth Institute on March
28-29, 2006. State of the Planet,State of the Planet,

5 WORLD COMMISSION has given the defination “Sustainable development is

the development that meets the need of present without compromising the
ability of future generation to meets their own need”

6 CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT It implies natural resource

management that is economically viable in short run and environmentally
sustainable in long run. It emphasize on optimum management of land and
water resources so as to maintain a balance between productivity function &
conservation practices through identification of problem area that require
alternate management practices.

7 Growth & Limit This concept create a complex debate about SD

Continuous economic growth made much more eventually sensitive in order
to raise the living standard the poor globally & break the link between poverty
and environment. It call for radical change in economic organization
producing much lower rate or zero rate.

8 Thus sustainable development is not looking for industrial production for

shake of profit alone nor does it purposes business. Now the issue is how to
increase the wealth in eventually sound way in order to make major
redistribution on income world wide.
9 Principal of sustainability (Principal of Equity) The principal of
interageneration equity Use of natural resources in such a way to reduce the
wealth gap within and between the nation. Use of natural resources in such a
way to reduce the wealth gap within and between the nation. The principal of
intergeneration equity Minimize the adverse impact of utilization of natural
resources on future generation Minimize the adverse impact of utilization of
natural resources on future generation We should -Reduce the pollution -
Maintain ecological balance

10 Objective of S. D Concern for future generation Protection of environment

Maintenance of high and stable levels of economic growth Rational utilization
of natural resources. Social progress that recognizes the needs of everyone.

11 Measure to promote Sustainable Development. 1. Restoring the

environment and combating poverty 2. Sustainable mountain farming system.
-Soil erosion and fertility management. -Dry land agriculture. -Shifting
cultivation 3. Afforestation and regeneration of degradation. 4. Rangeland &
grassland development 5. Control desertification 6. Watershed management
7. Natural Hazard & disaster management

12 8. Healthy cropland & woodland 9. To promote renewable energy sources

of energy 10. Women and mountain development 11. Conservation of natural
resources – water forest and soil 12. Hazardous waste management - Reuse,
recycle, reduce 14. Promotion of organic farming - Application of Biofertilizer -
Crop rotation - Intercropping - Multiple cropping - Promotion of traditional
technologies

13 Characteristic of Sustainability 1.Substitution: The substitution of non

renewable natural resources are the use of renewable energy resources. For
Eg. The substitution of coal, petrol and natural gases are wind, solar,
geothermal and tidal energy

14 2. Renewability Renewable resources should be used in such a way so

that the rate of utilization of a resources should be lower then or equal to the
rate of regeneration of resources. 3. Institutional Commitment An individual
cant bring change. The chang need political support, constitutional provision,
legal framework and coordination between legal institutions. All level of
society must be prepared through education, to accept and the value of
sustainable development.

15 4. Adaptability We have to learn to adapt to c changing environment. For

eg. We have to adapt ourselves to use clay cups or ordinary glasses that can
be washed or used a number of time. 4. Interdependence There exist
interdependence among communities and nations. Environment knows no
boundaries. Air pollution created by nation spread to neighboring countries.
So interdependence and mutual co-operation is necessary input in
maintaining sustainability.
16 Conclusion In order to promote sustainable development we have to take
care of the following area: -Conservation of energy -Conservation of
Biodiversity -Reduction in pollution -Population Control -Promotion of
renewable energy resources -Promoting organic farming -Watershed
Management -An approach of common decision making

17 Watershed Management

18 What is Watershed? Watershed is a geographical area drained by a

stream or a system connecting stream in which water from all over area flow
under gravity to a common drainage channel. A watershed system deliver
water through rills, gullies, runoff stream to a larger body of water. Usually
slope of circular or semicircular hilly range form a good watershed to give rise
to a large aquatic body at foothills

19 Watershed The terms watershed, catchments, drainage area and river

basin are all used to describe a land. It is determined by topographical
features which include a surrounding boundary. In North America, the term
“watershed” is restricted sometimes to mean a comparatively small
catchments, or sometimes to mean the upland, water-yielding portion of a
larger river basin. In British Commonwealth countries it is sometimes
restricted to mean “drainage divide”. In this document we will use it to be
synonymous with catchments or river basin, particularly in the context of
“integrated the context of “integrated

20 Watershed Management Watershed management is rational utilization of

land and water resource for optimum production with minimum hazards to
natural resources. It essentially relate to soil and water conservation. In
watershed which means proper land uses, protecting land from against all
forms of deterioration, building and maintaining soil fertility, conserving water
for farms use, proper management of local water for drainage, flood
protection and sediment reduction.

21 An integrated watershed Management include Conserving the water, soil

and conserving surplus water to recharge ground water. Minimize ploughing
and forest cutting on steeps slopes protect watershed. Promoting
Afforestation, horticulture and pasture. Promote crop management system to
promote sustainable farming. Constructing small dams on streams to hold
back water to prevent flooding. Improving the standard of living of individual
farmer. Promoting ecological balance

22 Benefit of Watershed Management Reduction in the rate of sedimentation

in major dams, rivers and harbors Reduction of run-off and damaging floods
Reduction of run-off and damaging floods Conservation of soil fertility and the
maintenance and improvement of agricultural productivity Maintenance and
improvement of water quality Reduction in soil salinity and acidity Protection
of wildlife habitat Increased public awareness of the inter- relationships
within watersheds and identification of land capability Maintenance and
improvement of tree and vegetation cover.

25 Due improper management of Watershed

35 Strategies of Integrated Watershed Management (a) Coordination of

policies, programmes and activities as they relate to integrated watershed
management; (b) Promotion of community participation in integrated
watershed management; (c) Identification and rehabilitation of natural
resource degradation; (d) Promotion of the sustainable use of natural
resources; (e) Provision of stable and productive soils, high quality water, and
protective vegetative cover within individual watersheds.

36 Other Measures prevent further land degradation restore degraded

natural resources ensure that natural resources are used within their
capability minimize the impacts arising from the use of natural resources
ensure that native flora and fauna are protected promote appropriate planning
and management preserve items and places having cultural heritage values