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Lesson 3 - Exercises

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10 views

Lesson 3 - Exercises

Uploaded by

abhilash.dharmishtan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 3

In this lesson we will first introduce dq-transform, and do one exercise on the board. After that,
you will be able to work on your own with computer scripts/programs/apps that have been
created with specific purposes in mind. Start with script DQ-transformation and app
Phasor_diagram_IPM_and_SPM, since these two are directly connected to preparatory exercise
2.
There are four scripts/programs/apps in total:
- Simple_efficiency_map_matlab.m
In this script you are using simplified equations to generate an efficiency map for a SPMSM.
You can change simple parameters such as maximum torque and speed, resistance and
inductance.
- DQ-transformation.m
In this script you use Clarke-Park transformation in order to transform a,b,c-currents into
alpha,beta-currents into dq-currents and visualize them. It also shows a simple inverter
voltage control scheme.
- Phasor_diagram_IPM_and_SPM.mlappinstall
In this application you can compare the phasor diagram for two different motors, one
IPMSM and one SPMSM. You can change the following settings:
- current magnitude,
- motor speed
- Max DC voltage.
You can change the current phase advance angle using the slider at the bottom left, or by
changing to “Manual input” and write the angle in the box.
Inductance values have been simulated for two different motors, and are adjusted using
linear interpolation for different magnitudes of current and phase angle. Apart from that
you can also inductance manually to see the effects it will have.
- Efficiency_Diff_motor_config.mlappinstall
This program calculates and shows the efficiency of 10 different motors. The motors have a
varying number of poles, winding layers, number of slots per pole and number of
conductors per pole and phase. This affect for example the length of the end windings, the
relationship between mechanical and electrical frequency, and this in turn have an impact
on copper and iron losses.
You can choose between:
- Having fixed back-emf values for all motors, which automatically adjusts the length
of the machines (which has an impact on conductor length and torque generated), or
- Having the length fixed, which gives varying back-emf for the machines
Apart from motor length and back-emf you are able to change the following settings:
- Total number of conductors, Ntot
- Rotational speed, n
- Maximum flux density air-gap at no-load, Bair,max,NL
- Current density, Idens
- Fill factor, FF
- Rotor diameter, Drotor
- Stator diameter, Dstator
Torque and power are calculated in table 1, where the rest of machine parameters are
displayed as well.
You can see the effect on the winding factor in table 2 in the app. However, in order to limit
the number of different motor configurations, all motors have a pitch of 180 electrical
degrees, so the pitch factor is always 1. However, the distribution factor still varies.
In table 3 you are able to see the resulting copper and iron losses for the 10 machines, as
well as the efficiency.

The files named .mlappinstall you need to download and run. Afterwards you can find it under
Apps in Matlab.

Exercise on board – Draw the phasor diagram and calculate


torque and power
We have an 8-pole motor connected to a DC-bus of 650 V.
The flux linkage from the permanent magnet, λ𝑝𝑚,𝑚𝑎𝑥 , is 100 mVs. The machine is run with
sinusoidal currents, each with an amplitude of 200 A, at a current phase advance angle of 40
degrees.
The d- and q-inductances has been calculated to 1 mH and 2 mH respectively. The resistance in
the windings is 0.1 Ω.
Draw the phasor diagram. Is it possible to operate the motor at 2,000 rpm? If it is possible,
calculate the motor torque and power.
𝑝=8
𝑉𝐷𝐶 = 650
λ𝑝𝑚,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 100 𝑚𝑉𝑠
𝑖𝑚 = 200 𝐴
𝛼 = 40 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠
𝐿𝑑 = 0.001 𝐻
𝐿𝑞 = 0.002 𝐻
𝑅 = 0.1 𝛺
Computer exercises (very similar to preparatory exercise 2):
The following exercises are connected to the scripts/programs/apps that are available on
Studium. For some of the answers you are required to use the programs in order to answer
them correctly.

1. What is the difference between the alpha-beta and d-q currents compared to the
standard abc-reference system? Explain with words what the two systems represent.
2. In the Matlab-script, the phase shift advance angle is written as "90°+ angle". Why is our
reference point 90°?
3. Using steps of 30°, change the angle in the script from 0° to 90° and write down how big
the d- and q-currents are.
4. For a surface-mounted PMSM, what do you expect the phase advance angle should be to
achieve maximum torque? (Compare with the phasor diagram, is it correct? Why/Why
not?)
5. For a synchronous reluctance machine (no permanent magnets), what would you expect
the optimum phase angle (°) to be to achieve maximum torque?
6. What is the optimum phase advance angle (°) to produce maximum torque for surface
mounted at:
• 2,000 rpm and 200 A?
• 6,000 rpm and 100 A?
7. What is the optimum phase advance angle (°) to produce maximum torque for Prius
2010 at:
• 2,000 rpm and 200 A?
• 6,000 rpm and 100 A?
8. What is the rated speed of the two machines (use the optimum angle that you found for
2,000 rpm)?
9. What do you have to do if you want to operate the machines at higher speeds (two
options)?
10. Try to find the maximum torque achievable at 12,000 rpm (operational point must be
within the allowable voltage limit).

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