Assignment
Subject
Pakistan studies
Submitted to
Rana usama Aziz
Submitted by
Sania Fatima
Roll num
2023 B chem 64
Principles of policy as well as article 29 to 40 of the
constitution of Pakistan 1973
The Constitution of Pakistan, 1973, outlines various principles of policy and fundamental rights
in its text. Articles 29 to 40 fall under the chapter "Principles of Policy" which serve as guidelines
for the state. Here’s an overview of the principles and the relevant articles:
Outlines
● Responsibility with respect to principles of policy
● Responsibility of executive authority
● Islamic way of life
● Promotion of local government institutions
● Parochial and other similar prejudices to be discouraged
● Full participation of women in national life
● Protection of family
● Protection of minorities
● Promotion of social justice and eradication of social evils
● Promotion of social and economic well-being of the people
● Participation of people in the Armed Forces
● Strengthening bonds with the Muslim world and promoting international peace
● Conclusion
Principles of Policy (Articles 29-40)
1.Responsibility with respect to principles of policy
In the context of the Principles of Policy in the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, Responsibility
refers to the accountability of the State and its institutions to ensure the welfare and well-being
of its citizens. This includes:
● Accountability:
The State is responsible for ensuring that its actions and policies are transparent,
accountable, and in the best interest of its citizens.
● Answerability
The State is answerable to its citizens for its actions and policies, and must justify its
decisions and actions.
● Obligation
The State has an obligation to provide basic necessities like education, healthcare, and
social welfare to its citizens.
● Duty
The State has a duty to protect the rights and interests of its citizens, including their life,
liberty, and property.
● Liability
The State is liable for any harm or injury caused to its citizens due to its actions or
policies.
2. Responsibility of executive authority
The responsibility of executive authority refers to the accountability of the executive branch of
government for its actions, decisions, and policies. In the context of the Principles of Policy in
the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, the responsibility of executive authority includes:
● Accountability to Parliament:
The executive is answerable to the legislature for its actions and policies.
● Implementation of laws
The executive is responsible for enforcing and implementing laws passed by the
legislature.
● Policy implementation
The executive is responsible for implementing policies and programs approved by the
legislature.
● Public welfare
The executive is responsible for ensuring the welfare and well-being of citizens.
● Transparency
The executive is responsible for being transparent in its decision-making processes and
actions.
● Answerability to courts
The executive is accountable to the judiciary for any illegal or unconstitutional actions.
● Protection of fundamental rights
The executive is responsible for protecting the fundamental rights of citizens, as
enshrined in the Constitution.
● Good governance
The executive is responsible for ensuring good governance, including efficiency,
effectiveness, and economy in the use of resources.
● Responsibility to the people
The executive is ultimately responsible to the people, who have elected them to office.
3. Islamic way of life
The Islamic way of life, as related to the Principles of Policy in the Constitution of Pakistan
1973, encompasses the following aspects:
● Submission to Allah:
Recognizing the sovereignty of Allah and adhering to Islamic principles in all aspects of
life.
● Justice:
Ensuring justice and fairness in all dealings, as commanded by Allah.
● Compassion:
Showing kindness, mercy, and compassion to all individuals, especially the vulnerable.
● Equality
Recognizing the equal value and worth of all human beings, regardless of race, gender,
or social status.
● Honesty
Embracing truthfulness and integrity in all actions and dealings.
● Fairness
Ensuring fairness and equity in all transactions, including economic and social
interactions.
● Protection of Life
Sanctifying human life and ensuring its protection, as commanded by Allah.
● Promotion of Virtue
Encouraging virtue, morality, and good deeds, while discouraging vice and immorality.
● Consultation
Encouraging consultation and mutual decision-making in all affairs
● Accountability
Recognizing accountability to Allah for all actions and deeds
4.Promotion of local government institutions
The promotion of local government institutions refers to the empowerment and strengthening
of local bodies such as districts, municipalities, and councils to ensure effective governance and
delivery of services at the grassroots level. This includes:
● Decentralization
Transferring powers and resources from the central government to local governments.
● Autonomy
Granting local governments independence to make decisions and take actions.
● Capacity building:
Enhancing the capacity of local governments through training and resource allocation.
● Financial empowerment:
Providing adequate funds to local governments to enable them to discharge their
responsibilities.
● Encouraging participation:
Encouraging citizen participation in local governance through elections, public
consultations, and feedback mechanisms.
● Service delivery
Ensuring that local governments deliver essential services like healthcare, education,
sanitation, and infrastructure development.
● Accountability
Holding local governments accountable for their actions and decisions.
● Coordination
Ensuring coordination between local governments and other tiers of government.
● Institutional development:
Strengthening local government institutions through reforms and modernization.
● Community engagement
Fostering partnerships between local governments and communities to address local
needs and priorities.
5.Parochial and other similar prejudices to be discouraged
Parochial and similar prejudices refer to biases and discriminatory attitudes that prioritize
one's own local interests, group, or community over others, often leading to exclusion,
marginalization, and harm. Examples of such prejudices include:
● Parochialism
Favoring one's own locality or region over others.
● Provincialism:
Prioritizing one's own province or state over others.
● Sectarianism:
Discriminating based on religious sect or denomination.
● Tribalism:
Favoring one's own tribe or ethnic group over others.
● Racism
Discriminating based on race or ethnicity.
● Regionalism:
Prioritizing one's own region over others.
● Linguism
Discriminating based on language spoken.
● Communalism
Favoring one's own religious or cultural community over others.
6.Full participation of women in national life
Full participation of women in national life refers to the equal and active involvement of women
in all aspects of society, including:
● Politics
Holding public offices, participating in decision-making, and shaping policy.
● Economy
Access to education, employment, entrepreneurship, and equal pay.
● Education
Equal access to quality education, scholarships, and opportunities.
● Healthcare
Access to comprehensive healthcare, reproductive rights, and maternal care.
● Social Justice
Equal protection under the law, freedom from discrimination, and protection from
gender-based violence.
● Culture
● Representation in arts, media, and cultural institutions, and preservation of women's
cultural heritage.
● Leadership
Holding leadership positions in various sectors, including government, corporate, and
civil society.
● Decision-making
Having a seat at the table in decision-making processes, including policy-making and
resource allocation.
● Empowerment
Having the autonomy to make choices, having access to resources and support, and
being free from coercion and discrimination.
● Inclusivity
Being represented in all aspects of national life, including history, literature, and public
spaces.
Full participation of women in national life is essential for:
1. Gender equality
2. Social justice
3. Economic growth
4. Political stability
5. Cultural enrichment
6. Human rights
7. Sustainable development
8. Peace and security
7.Protection of family
Protection of family, etc., refers to the safeguarding and well-being of:
● Family
The basic unit of society, including spouses, children, parents, and siblings.
● Marriage
The institution of marriage and the rights and responsibilities that come with it.
● Children
The welfare and well-being of minors, including their education, health, and safety.
● Parents
The care and support of parents, including their rights and responsibilities.
● Senior citizens
The welfare and well-being of older adults, including their healthcare, financial security,
and social support.
● Vulnerable groups
The protection and support of vulnerable individuals and groups, including those with
disabilities, widows, and orphans.
● Social values:
The preservation of cultural and social values that promote family cohesion and social
harmony.
8.Protection of minorities
Protection of minorities refers to the safeguarding of the rights and interests of minority
groups, including:
● Religious minorities
Protecting the freedom of religion and beliefs of minority faiths.
● Ethnic minorities
Preserving the cultural identity and rights of ethnic groups.
● Linguistic minorities
Promoting the use and preservation of minority languages.
● Racial minorities
Combating discrimination and ensuring equal opportunities for racial minorities.
● Disability minorities
Ensuring accessibility and inclusivity for individuals with disabilities.
● Gender minorities
Protecting the rights and interests of gender non-conforming individuals.
The goal is to create a society where minorities can enjoy equal rights, opportunities, and
freedoms, and contribute to the richness and diversity of society without fear of persecution or
discrimination.
9.Promotion of social justice and eradication of social evils
Promotion of social justice and eradication of social evils refers to the efforts aimed at:
● Reducing inequality
Addressing economic, social, and political disparities.
● Eliminating discrimination
Combating prejudice based on race, gender, caste, religion, etc.
● Protecting human rights
Ensuring access to basic rights like education, healthcare, and fair treatment.
● Uprooting social evils
Eradicating harmful practices like child labor, human trafficking, and
gender-based violence.
● Promoting social cohesion
Building a society that values diversity and inclusivity.
● Empowering marginalized groups Strengthening the voice and agency of
vulnerable communities.
● Ensuring access to justice
Providing fair and equal access to legal resources and opportunities.
● Addressing systemic issues
Tackling root causes of social injustices, like poverty, unequal distribution of
resources, and discrimination
10. Promotion of social and economic well-being of the people
Promotion of social and economic well-being of the people refers to the efforts aimed at
improving the quality of life and standard of living of individuals and communities, including:
● Economic growth
Encouraging sustainable economic development and job creation.
● Poverty reduction
Implementing programs to alleviate poverty and income inequality.
● Education and skills development Providing access to quality education and training
opportunities.
● Healthcare
Ensuring access to quality healthcare services and promoting healthy lifestyles.
● Social security
Establishing safety nets and social protection programs for vulnerable populations.
● Infrastructure development
Building roads, public transportation, and community facilities.
● Environmental sustainability
Promoting eco-friendly practices and sustainable resource management.
● Housing and shelter
Ensuring access to affordable housing and adequate shelter.
● Food security
Promoting agricultural development and ensuring access to nutritious food.
● Social inclusion
Fostering a sense of community and promoting social cohesion.
11. Participation of people in the Armed Forces
Participation of people in the Armed Forces refers to the involvement of citizens in the
military, including:
● Enlistment
Volunteering to serve in the military.
● Conscription
Mandatory military service, if required by law.
● Reserve duty
Part-time military service, supplementing regular forces.
● National Service
Civilian service programs, contributing to national development.
● Veterans' affairs
Support and benefits for former military personnel.
● Military training
Education and skills development for military personnel.
● Civil-military cooperation
Collaboration between military and civilian organizations.
● Defense policy
Citizen input in shaping national defense strategies.
● Military service options
Choices for citizens, such as active duty, reserves, or national service.
● Honoring military service
Recognizing and respecting the contributions of military personnel.
12. Strengthening bonds with the Muslim world and promoting international peace
Strengthening bonds with the Muslim world and promoting international peace refers to:
● Diplomacy
Building strong relationships with Muslim-majority countries.
● Cultural exchange
Encouraging people-to-people contacts, education, and cultural programs.
● Economic cooperation
Enhancing trade, investment, and economic partnerships.
● Conflict resolution
Mediating and resolving conflicts in Muslim-majority regions.
● Peaceful coexistence
Promoting mutual understanding and respect.
● International cooperation Collaborating on global issues like terrorism, poverty, and
climate change.
● Dialogue and discussion:
Encouraging open communication to resolve differences peacefully.
● Respect for diversity
Valuing diverse perspectives and cultures.
● Education and research
Promoting scholarly exchanges and research collaborations.
● Humanitarian assistance
Providing aid and support to Muslim-majority countries in need.
Conclusion
These articles highlight the state’s responsibility to promote Islamic values, social justice, the
rights and welfare of various groups including women and minorities, local government, social
and economic equity, and international relations based on peace and cooperation. While these
principles serve as guidelines and aspirations for governance, they are not enforceable by any
court but are intended to shape the policies and laws formulated by the state.
Reference
www.researchgate.net
