Software Requirements

Specification (SRS) for Library

Management System

1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this document is to specify the software requirements for a Library
Management System. It outlines the system's functions, constraints, and capabilities
to serve as a foundation for system design, development, and testing.

1.2 Scope

The Library Management System aims to manage library operations, including user
accounts, book inventory, loans, returns, fines, and reporting. This system is designed
for use by library staff and patrons.

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations

 LMS: Library Management System

 ISBN: International Standard Book Number
 RFID: Radio Frequency Identification

1.4 References

 IEEE Std 830-1998: IEEE Recommended Practice for Software Requirements

Specifications
 Library management best practices and regulations

1.5 Overview

This document describes the overall system requirements, including functional and
non-functional requirements, external interfaces, and constraints.
2. Overall Description
2.1 Product Perspective

The Library Management System is a stand-alone system with possible integrations

with other systems, such as external databases for cataloging. It has both web and
desktop interfaces for different user roles.

2.2 Product Functions

The key functions include:

 User management (registration, authentication, roles)

 Book management (inventory, cataloging, RFID tagging)
 Loan management (checkout, return, fines)
 Search and catalog
 Reporting and analytics

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

 Librarian: Responsible for managing books, users, and loans.

 Library Patron: Can search, borrow, and return books.
 Admin: Manages system configurations and reporting.

2.4 Operating Environment

The system operates in a Windows/Linux/Mac environment, with a web-based front-

end and a backend database. The preferred database is PostgreSQL or MySQL.

2.5 Design and Implementation Constraints

 System should be compliant with GDPR and other privacy regulations.

 Must support integration with RFID for book tracking.
 Use a responsive design for web-based interfaces.

2.6 Assumptions and Dependencies

 The library has an existing IT infrastructure.

 Staff are trained to use the system.
 Requires a stable internet connection for web-based interfaces.
3. System Features
3.1 Feature 1: User Management

 Description: This feature allows for user registration, authentication, and

management of user roles.
 Functional Requirements:
 FR1.1: Users can register and create an account.
 FR1.2: Librarians can assign roles to users.
 FR1.3: Users can reset their passwords through email.

3.2 Feature 2: Book Management

 Description: Manage the library's book inventory, including cataloging,

tagging, and removing books.
 Functional Requirements:
 FR2.1: Librarians can add new books to the inventory.
 FR2.2: Books can be tagged with RFID.
 FR2.3: Librarians can update book information.
 FR2.4: Books can be removed from the system.

3.3 Feature 3: Loan Management

 Description: Manage book checkouts, returns, and fines.

 Functional Requirements:
 FR3.1: Librarians can check out books to patrons.
 FR3.2: Patrons can return books.
 FR3.3: System can calculate fines for late returns.
 FR3.4: Librarians can adjust fines manually.

3.4 Feature 4: Search and Catalog

 Description: Allow users to search for books in the library catalog.

 Functional Requirements:
 FR4.1: Users can search books by title, author, or ISBN.
 FR4.2: Users can filter search results by genre or publication date.
 FR4.3: Search results should display book availability.

3.5 Feature 5: Reporting

  Description: Provides reporting and analytics capabilities for library
management.
 Functional Requirements:
 FR5.1: Librarians can generate reports on book inventory.
 FR5.2: Reports can be exported to PDF or Excel.
 FR5.3: System can generate loan activity reports.

4. External Interface Requirements

4.1 User Interfaces

The system has a graphical user interface for both desktop and web-based
applications. It should be intuitive and accessible, with support for assistive
technologies like screen readers.

4.2 Hardware Interfaces

The system interacts with RFID readers for book management. It may also require
barcode scanners for book checkouts.

4.3 Software Interfaces

The system integrates with external databases for cataloging and may connect to
external systems for data exchange.

4.4 Communication Interfaces

The system communicates over standard internet protocols like HTTP/HTTPS. It

should support secure communication and encryption.

5. Non-Functional Requirements
5.1 Performance Requirements
  The system should support at least 100 concurrent users without performance
degradation.
 Response times for search operations should not exceed 2 seconds.

5.2 Security Requirements

 All user data must be encrypted at rest and in transit.

 The system should implement role-based access control.
 The system should log all administrative actions.

5.3 Quality Requirements

 The system should undergo rigorous testing for functionality and security.
 It should meet industry-standard quality metrics for stability and reliability.

5.4 Scalability Requirements

 The system should be scalable to accommodate additional libraries or

branches.
 It should support integration with other systems or modules.

6. Other Requirements
 The system should comply with local library regulations and industry
standards.
 It should support multi-language capabilities for global use.
 The system should have a robust backup and recovery process.

7. Appendix
Provide additional information, diagrams, or supporting documents that are relevant
to the requirements.
8. Index
An index for quick reference to specific requirements or topics within this SRS
document.
Use-Case Diagram (Library
Management system):
A Use-Case Diagram for a Library Management System involves key actors and their
interactions with the system:

 Actors: Librarian, Library Patron, Administrator, External Systems.

 Use Cases:
 User Management: Register, authenticate, reset passwords, assign
roles.
 Book Management: Add, update, remove books, RFID tagging.
 Loan Management: Check out, return books, calculate fines.
 Search and Catalog: Search books by title, author, ISBN.
 Reporting: Generate and export reports.
 External System Integration: RFID readers, external cataloging.

Each actor interacts with specific use cases, with librarians handling book and loan
management, patrons focusing on borrowing and searching, administrators
managing users and reports, and external systems supporting RFID and cataloging
integration.
Activity Diagram (Library Diagram):

An Ac vity Diagram for a Library Management System shows the workflow for common ac vi es.
Here's an example of a diagram for the book borrowing process:

1. **Start**: Begin the borrowing process.

2. **Search Book**: Library patrons search for a book in the catalog by tle, author, or ISBN.3. **Is
Book Available?**: - **Yes**: Move to "Borrow Book". - **No**: Proceed to "Add to Waitlist".

4. **Borrow Book**: The librarian checks out the book for the patron.

5. **Issue Receipt**: A receipt is generated, indica ng the due date.

6. **End**: The borrowing process concludes.

Class Diagram For Library
Management:
A Class Diagram for a Library Management System shows the system's structure, including classes,
a ributes, and rela onships. Here's a concise example:

- **Library**: A ributes: name, address. Rela onships: has many `Book`s and `User`s.

- **Book**: A ributes: tle, author, ISBN, genre, availableCopies. Rela onships: belongs to a
`Library`, associated with `Loan`.

- **User**: A ributes: userID, name, email, role (e.g., librarian, patron). Rela onships: has many
`Loan`s.

- **Loan**: A ributes: loanID, checkoutDate, dueDate, returnedDate, fine. Rela onships: belongs to
`Book` and `User`.

- **Administrator**: A ributes: adminID, name, email. Rela onships: manages `Library`.

Sequence Diagram library
management:
A Sequence Diagram for a Library Management System shows the interac ons between objects in a
specific order. Here's a 100-word summary for a book borrowing process:

1. Library Patron: Ini ates a book search, sending a request to the `Library System`.

2. Library System Searches for the book, returning the results to the `Library Patron`.

3. Library Patron: Requests to borrow a specific book if it's available.

4. Library System: Validates the book's availability and checks the patron's eligibility to borrow.

5. Librarian: Confirms the loan, updates the `Book` status, and creates a new `Loan`.

6. Library System: Records the loan details and generates a receipt.

7. **Library Patron**: Receives the book and the loan receipt, comple ng the process.
A Collaboration Diagram (or
Communication Diagram):
A Collabora on Diagram (or Communica on Diagram) for a Library Management System shows
object interac ons with their links to each other, emphasizing structural organiza on. Here's a 100-
word example illustra ng a book borrowing process:

1. Library Patron: Requests a book from the `Library System`.

2. Library System: Checks the `Book`'s availability by querying its status in the library's inventory.

3. Book: Responds with its current availability status to the `Library System`.

4. Library System: Validates the `Library Patron`'s request, considering borrowing limits and exis ng
loans.

5. Librarian: Approves the book borrowing, updates the `Book`'s status, and creates a `Loan`.

6. Loan: Stores details like book ID, user ID, loan date, due date, and returned status.

7. Library System: Communicates the updated informa on to the `Library Patron`, providing a receipt
and confirming the loan comple on.
State Chart Diagram for library
management:
A State Chart Diagram (or State Machine Diagram) represents the states an object can be in,
along with the transitions between states. In a Library Management System, the state of a
book during the borrowing and returning process is a key example. Here's a concise State
Chart Diagram for book management in 100 words:

1. **State: Available**: The book is in the library and can be borrowed.

2. **Transition: Borrowed**: The book is checked out by a library patron.

- Trigger: Book checkout event.

3. **State: Checked Out**: The book is with a library patron.

- Actions: Record loan details, set due date, generate receipt.

4. **Transition: Returned**: The book is returned to the library.

- Trigger: Return event.

5. **State: Available**: The book is back in the library, ready for checkout.

- Actions: Update inventory, clear loan record.

6. **Transition: Lost/Damaged**: The book is reported as lost or damaged.

- Trigger: Lost or damage report.

7. **State: Removed**: The book is no longer in circulation.

- Actions: Remove from catalog, update records.

Component Diagram for library
management:
A Component Diagram in UML illustrates how a system is structured, showing the system's
components and their rela onships. In a Library Management System, components represent
different parts of the system, like databases, interfaces, and services. Here's a concise Component
Diagram for a Library Management System described in 100 words:

1. **Library Management System**: The primary component containing subcomponents responsible

for managing library opera ons.

2. **User Interface Component**: Represents the front-end interfaces for users, including web and
desktop applica ons.

- Interfaces with `User Management Component` for user login and registra on.

- Communicates with `Catalog Component` to search for books.

3. **Catalog Component**: Manages the book catalog, including book informa on, genres, and
availability.

- Interfaces with `Database Component` to fetch book details.

- Communicates with `Loan Management Component` for book availability checks.

4. **Loan Management Component**: Handles the borrowing and returning of books.

- Interfaces with `Database Component` to store loan informa on.

- Connects with `User Interface Component` to issue loan receipts.

5. **Database Component**: Manages the database for storing library informa on.

- Stores user, book, and loan data.

- Supports transac ons and ensures data consistency.

These components interact to provide a complete Library Management System.