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Tutorial Sheet II 2023 - 2024

This document contains 19 chemistry questions related to chemical equilibrium, reaction kinetics, and solubility product constants. The questions cover topics such as writing equilibrium expressions, calculating equilibrium constants, predicting reaction outcomes, and solving solubility problems. Students are asked to perform calculations, write balanced equations, and explain reaction tendencies.

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Wiza Mulenga
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
23 views

Tutorial Sheet II 2023 - 2024

This document contains 19 chemistry questions related to chemical equilibrium, reaction kinetics, and solubility product constants. The questions cover topics such as writing equilibrium expressions, calculating equilibrium constants, predicting reaction outcomes, and solving solubility problems. Students are asked to perform calculations, write balanced equations, and explain reaction tendencies.

Uploaded by

Wiza Mulenga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mulungushi University

School of Natural and Applied Sciences


Academic Year 2023/2024 Semester II
Tutorial Sheet II Che112: Introduction to
Chemistry II
Q1. Write equilibrium constant expressions, Kc and Kp, for the following
reactions.

(i) CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g)


(ii) N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g)
(iii) SO2(g) + ½ O2(g) SO3(g)
(iv) NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g)
(v) C(s) + H2O(g) CO(g) + H2(g)
(vi) NO2 (g) NO (g) + ½ O2 (g)

Q2. Determine Kc and Kp for each reaction.

a. 2NOCl(g)⇌2NO(g)+Cl2(g): at 500 K, a 24.3 mM sample of NOCl has


decomposed, leaving an equilibrium mixture that contains 72.7% of the
original amount of NOCl. R = 8.314

b. Cl2(g)+PCl3(g)⇌PCl5(g) : at 250°C, a 1.75mL reaction vessel contains


1.007 g of Cl2 gas, 1.950 g of PCl3, and 0.562 g of PCl5 at equilibrium.
R =0.0821

Q3. The equilibrium constant expression for a reaction are given. Use the
equilibrium constant to write the balanced chemical equation from
equilibrium constant expression.
3 3
[𝑁𝑂][𝐻2 𝑂]2 [𝐶𝑆2 ][𝐻2 ]4 [𝐻2 ]3 [𝑆2 ]2
(i) 5 (ii) [𝐶𝐻4 ][𝐻2 𝑆]2
(iii) [𝐻2 𝑆]3
[𝑁𝐻3 ][𝑂2 ]4
Assume all are reversible reactions.

Q4. At particular temperature KC = 4 × 10–2 for the reaction:

H2S (g) ⇌ H2 (g) + ½ S2(g)

Calculate KC for each of the following reaction

i) 2H2S (g) ⇌ 2H2 (g) + S2 (g)


3
ii) 3H2S (g) ⇌ 3H2 (g) + S2(g)
2

Q5. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the reaction CaCO3 (s) ⇌ CaO (s)
+ CO2(g) is 1.017 × 10–3 atm at 500 oC. Calculate KP at 600 oC for the
reaction. ΔH for the reaction is 181 KJ mol–1 and does not change in the
given range of temperature.

Q6. A closed gaseous system containing 2.0 M H2 and 1.5 M Cl2 is left to
reach equilibrium. At equilibrium, the system contains 1.2 M H2. Work
out Kc for this reaction, using the following equation to help you:
𝐻2 (𝑔) + 𝐶𝑙2 (𝑔) ⇌ 2𝐻𝐶𝑙(𝑔)
Q7. A system consists of FeO, CO, Fe, and CO2. Initially, the concentration of
CO is 9.6 x10-2M and the concentration of CO2 is 1.3 x 10-2 M. The
equilibrium concentration of CO2 is 5.5 x 10-2 M. Calculate Kc for this
reaction, using the following equation to help you:

𝐹𝑒𝑂(𝑠) + 𝐶𝑂(𝑔) ⇌ 𝐹𝑒(𝑠) + 𝐶𝑂2 (𝑔)

Q8. Phosgene (COCl2) is a chemical warfare agent that decomposes by the


reaction:
COCl2 (g) ⇌ CO (g) + Cl2 (g) K= 8.3 x 10-4 (at 360°C)
(a) Calculate the [CO], [Cl2], and [COCl2] when 10.0 mol of phosgene
decompose at 360°C and reach equilibrium in a 5.00-L flask.
(b)Predict whether the reaction will shift toward products or reactants
when the following stress to the system is applied.
(i) COCl2 (g) is added.
(ii) Cl2 (g) is added.
Q9. The decomposition of nitrosyl bromide (NOBr) proceeds by the following
reaction:
2NOBr (g) ⇌ 2NO (s) + Br2 (g).
Calculate the [NOBr], [NO], and [Br2] when 10.0 mol of nitrosyl bromine
is placed in a 5.0-L closed vessel and allowed to decompose. When
(i) K = 0.0142
(ii) Kp. R= 0.0821 if the reaction vessel was kept at 1000K.
Q10. At T = 100°C, the reaction shown below has an equilibrium constant KP =
2.75.
SO2Cl2 (g) ⇌ SO2 (g) + Cl2 (g)
Suppose the partial pressure of SO2Cl2 (g) is 2.15 bar, SO2 (g) is 0 bar,
and Cl2 (g) is 0 bar.
(a) Calculate the reaction quotient Q and state whether the reaction
proceeds to the right or the left as equilibrium is approached.
(b) Calculate the partial pressures of each species at equilibrium.
(c) If the volume of the system is increased, will there be net formation or
net dissociation of SO2Cl2? Explain your answer.
Q11. The formation of carbon monoxide from coal is shown by the equation:
C (s) + H2O (g) ⇌ CO (g) + H2 (g)
What happens to:
(a) [H2] if H2O is added?
(b) [CO] if H2 is removed?
(c) [H2] if CO is added?
(d) [CO] if C is added?
Q12. The formation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen occurs by the
following equation:
N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g) ∆H˚ = -92.22 kJ
Does the amount of ammonia produced increase, decrease, or remain the
same when a mixture of reactants and products at equilibrium
undergoes the following changes?
(a) The temperature decreases
(b) The volume is increased
(c) Argon is added
(d) N2 is added
Q13. Calculate K for the reaction of O2 with N2 to give NO at 423 K:

N2(g)+O2(g)⇌2NO(g)
ΔG° for this reaction is +22.7 kJ/mol of N2.
Q14. ΔG° is −16.4 kJ/mol of N2 for the reaction at 50oC.
N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g)
[N2] = 1.00 M, [H2] = 3.50 M, [NH3] = 0.0115 M, and T = 50°C.
(i) Calculate the value of Q.
(ii) Calculate ΔG° the value of K, predict if reaction is spontenous or not
Q15. A mixture of 0.22 mol H2 and 0.55 mol I2 in a 100.0-mL container
was heated to 700.0K and allowed to reach equilibrium.
Will more HI be formed if that equilibrium mixture is cooled to 298.0K?
For the reaction H2 (g) + I2 (g) ⇌ 2 HI (g) K = 54 at, 700.0K and 794 at,
298.0K.
Q16. Write the Ksp for each of the following equations below.

(i) Ag2CrO4(s) 2 Ag+(aq) + CrO42-(aq)

(ii). Pb(OH)2 (s) Pb2+ (aq) + 2OH– (aq)

(iii) AgCH3COO (s) Ag+ (aq) + CH3COO- (aq)

Q16. (a) The solubility of thallium iodate, TIIO3, is 1.5 x 10-3 M at 25C. What
is the Ksp at this temperature? TIIO3 (s) TI+ (aq) + IO3- (aq)
(b) Calculate the value of the Ksp for SrF2 if the solubility is 0.127 g/L.
Q17. (i) 30.0 mL of 0.10 M LiCl is added to 20.0 mL of 0.20 M Na2CO3. The Ksp for
Li2CO3 is 1.7 x 10-3. will Li2CO3 precipitate? Support your answer with
calculations.

(ii) Explain why a precipitate of AgCl will NOT be produced when 20.0mL of
3.00 x10-6 M AgNO3 is mixed with 30.0 mL of 1.00 x 10-4 M NaCl. For AgCl, the
Ksp = 1.8 x 10-10. Support your answer with calculations.

Q18. (a) The solubility product (Ksp) of BaSO4 is 1.5 x 10−9. Calculate the
solubility of barium sulphate in pure water and 0.1 M BaCl2.
(b) What is the solubility of AgCl (s) if the solubility product of AgCl is
1.6×10−10 in 0.1 M NaCl solution?
Q19. The Ksp of Ag2CrO4, AgCl, AgBr and AgI are respectively, 1.1 x 10−12, 1.8 x
10−10, 5.0 x 10−13, 8.3 x 10−17. Which one of the following salts will precipitate
last if AgNO3 solution is added to the solution containing equal moles of NaCl,
NaBr, NaI and Na2CrO4?

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