Reading (pp.

212-213)
Ex2
A
1. E
2. A
3. G
4. F
5. B
6. D
Ex3
1. hit the spot – be just the right thing
2. go off the boil – lose enthusiasm
3. ditch – abandon/get rid of
4. overheads – essential expenses
5. supplement – add something to
6. stock – goods/produce
7. impulse – sudden desire
8. resent – feel bitter about sth
9. advent – beginning/introduction
10. undercut – sell more cheaply
Ex4
1.
We often have the urge to eat something nice, but don't mind because it means
getting dressed, getting the car out and driving to the supermarket,
after all, it's too much trouble and we go off the idea.
2.
a (trying to get consumers to) shop in their own neighbourhoods or areas
b (give them the opportunity to) have such low prices that the smaller shops,
unable to compete, go out of business
c (the sudden urge to buy extra goods) can make you pay more than you can afford

d (their less spacious branches) have more expenses related to their size
e (putting a stop to) old vegetables forgotten in the bottom drawer of your fridge.
Language Focus (pp. 214-217)
Ex1
A
1. car boot sale
2. organic food store
3. delicatessen
4. millinery shop
5. arts and crafts shop
6. second-hand shops
7. antiques shop
8. DIY Superstore
B
tools – DIY superstore/ironmonger’s
fancy hats – millinery shop/milliner’s
used furniture – second hand shop, garage sale
fresh herbs – hypermarket, farmer’s market, organic food store
a vintage lamp – antiques shop
designer clothes – upmarket boutique
handmade rugs – second hand shop, antiques shop, arts and crafts shop
beef sausages – hypermarket, delicatessen
groceries – hypermarket, farmer's market, organic food store
hand knit pullovers – upmarket boutique, second-hand shop, arts and crafts shop
first edition books – antiques shop
nails – DIY superstore/ironmonger’s
Ex2
1. hoardings
2. fliers
3. radio jingle
4. full-page spread
5. TV commercials
6. brochures
7. neon sign
8. poster
Ex3
A
1 The prefixes all make the words the opposite or negatives of their roots.
2 im – m, p; ir – r; il – l; in – n
3 un – not/reverse a process e.g. unacceptable, undo, untie;
dis – not/lose a quality e.g. dishonest, disabled, disarm;
mis – not/wrongly/badly e.g. misunderstand, mishandle, misuse
B
inexperienced, under-experienced, over-experienced
inhuman, sub-human
under-worked, over-worked
unsold, undersold
unconscious, subconscious
undervalue, overvalue
 subnormal (also point out the word abnormal)
invaluable (point out that this does not have a negative meaning)
immature
Ex4
A
1. D
2. E
3. A
4. F
5. C
6. B
B
1. money
2. shopping
3. cash
4. advertising
C
1.celebrity endorsements
2. buyers’ market
3. money laundering
4. pop icons
5. Subliminal messages
Ex5
Set up a chain of shops
Launch a chain of shops
Make cutbacks
Do the weekly shopping
Do business
Set up a deal
Make a deal
Do a deal
Set up an agency
Launch an agency
Do the bookkeeping
Set up a company
Launch a company
Set up a campaign
Launch a campaign
Make a fortune
Set up a branch
Launch a product
Ex6
1. cost an arm and a leg
2. tighten one’s belt
3. foot the bill
4. earn one’s bread and butter
5. save for a rainy day
6. make ends meet
7. keep one’s head above water
8. be one’s meal ticket
9. have a nest egg
10. go from rags to riches
Ex7
1 carrying it too far
2 carried the motion
3 carry an illness
4 was carrying the world on his shoulders
5 carries a lot of weight
6 is cash and carry (only)
Ex8
A
1. F
2.D
3.B
4.C
5.H
6.G
7.A
8.E
B
1. called off
2. drew out
3. draw on
4. calling upon
5. drawn up
Listening and Speaking (pp. 218-219)
Ex1
C
1. 1960
2. drummer
3. boss’s sons
4. bankrupt
5. serve customers
6. traditional,
7. respect
8. pressurise
9. awe
Ex2
B
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. D
Ex6
b Do you think the test will be hard?
c Do you think those CD players will be reduced in the sales?
d I heard on the radio that they’re putting up the price of bus tickets
Reading (pp. 220-221)
Ex1
C
1. C (8-13)
2. B (20-26)
3. D (42-46)
4. A (56-57)
5. D (73-74)
6. A (85-88)
Ex2
1. stances – attitudes
2. arouse – stimulate
3. embodied – represented
4. pronounced – noticeable
5. round – series
6. decipher – work out
7. gratification – satisfaction
8. shift – change
Ex3
ñ able to ‘read’ the messages in the many forms of advertising
ñ advertisements where famous people say they use and like certain products
ñ overwhelmed by high-speed facts and figures and other information
ñ the best of shoppers/TV viewers
ñ images that are easily seen on the TV or computer screen, people with no depth
or reality
ñ existing through other people, not relying on your own feelings or senses to
understand the world around you
English in Use (pp. 222-225)
Ex1
2. — , — , a, the
3. — , the, —
4. the, — , a, the
5. the, — , the
6. an, the, —
7. the, a, —
8. the, the, a, —
9. the, the, the
10. a, — , —
11. — , — , an
12. a, the, –
13. — , — , a
14. the, the, a, the
15. an, —, the, the
Ex2
2 "I’m afraid I’m in no position to help you," said Trevor.
3 We’ve a saying in my part of the country, ‘Where there’s muck, there’s brass’.
4 A: Do you think he’ll come? B: I think it’s highly unlikely, Peter.
5 I’ve just finished reading Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina. It’s probably the best book
I’ve ever read.
6 "There’s nothing," he said, "that I wouldn’t do for you."
7 Michael, who I used to work for, is my cousin’s husband.
8 "I strongly advise you, Mr Smith, to go on a diet," said the doctor.
9 When you are introduced to someone, if you are sitting, you should stand up and
shake hands.
10 All things considered, I think you should take the opportunity; otherwise you’ll
regret it.
Ex3
1. D
2. H
3. J
4. A
5. F
6. B
7.I
8. C
9. G
10. E
Ex4
1. E
2. A
3. I
4. B
5. H
6. F
Ex5
1. to
2. of
3. in
4. between
5. to
6. of
7. with
8. in
9. with
10. about
Ex6
1. of
2. had
3. -
4. and
5. from
6. -
7. just
8. -
9. been
10. my
Ex7
1. been
2. on
3. -
4. their
5. so
6. -
7. already
8. up
9. -
10. who
11. single
12. hardly
13. to
14. hard
15. -
16. the
Ex8
1. Bromley`s
2. -
3. 30-year
4. knew
5. shopper
6. leaked
7. -
8. -
9. From
10. resources
11. moral
12. believe
13. -
14. repots
15. virtually
16. -
Ex9
1. addition
2 application
applicable
3. apparent
disappeared
4. perception
perceptive
5. comforting
discomfort
6. certainties
uncertain
7. authorise
unauthorised
Ex10
1. addiction
2. compulsive
3. depression
4. homelessness
5. scientifically
6. psychiatrists
7. sufferers
8. knowledge
9. overcharged
10. procedure
11. faulty
12. advisable
13. dissatisfied
14. replacement
15. refund
Writing (pp. 226-234)
Ex4
1 a formal letter
2 someone you don't know well
3 make suggestions
4 express general support for
5 your views on the proposed subjects/a carefully worded suggestion that Retail
Management should not be studied
Ex5
1 great music, excellent sound quality, mixing, orchestration, etc, deep lyrics, guest
musicians, well produced and packaged, etc.
2 semi-formal to informal: it’s for young people with the same tastes.
Ex7
2. E - art
3. F - book
4. A - landscape painting
5. G - write
6. C - music
7. D - film
Ex8
1 that you have personal experience of
2 a humorous ad on TV/an electrical appliance
3 reasons why you think it is the 'best'
4 dependent on the expected readership of the review
Ex9
1. F
2. T
3. F
4. F
5. F
6. T
Ex11
1 The General Secretary of the Arts and Culture Society
2 four or five
3 Introduction, Existing Theatre/Opera Facilities, Venues for Music, Exhibitions,
Conclusion
4 Introduction – the purpose of the report Existing Theatre/Opera Facilities – the
facilities that there are; what is needed Venues for Music – different types of music
and their venues; what is lacking Exhibitions – where exhibitions are held and how
difficult or easy it is to get to see them; what is needed Conclusion –
recommendations (perhaps the need for more or better facilities, etc) and reasons
Ex 15
1 although
2 while
3 however
4 which
5 where
6 Despite
7 merely
Ex16
1 focus on young people in your country
2 are written to match the style of the book
3 articles
4 informa
Ex 19
1 depends on the style of the rubric
2 well written and relevant
3 an article
4 capture the reader's attention
Ex 21
1. History
2. Places to visit
3. Entertainment
4. Eating out
5. Enjoy your stay
B
1 Yes.
2 It will encourage them to take an interest in the place and explore and enjoy what
the town/city has to offer.
3 colourful, interesting, impressive, excellent
4 'We are confident that you'll enjoy all the cultural delights that Leicester has to
offer.' Alternative: 'Leicester has so much to offer and so many things to see and do
that you'll find that your stay just isn't long enough.'
5 Live it up in Leicester/What to expect in Leicester/Leicester: The Facts
Ex 22
1 in a style that will appeal to students
2 an informal, friendly tone
3 should contain headings
4 must be included in your writing
B
Hollowing out means a profound sense of emptiness and absence, deeply affecting
both the emotional and existential spheres. In literature, art and psychology, it
explores the depth of human disconnection and the search for meaning, acting as a
powerful motif and a state of being.
In literature, hollowing out is often manifested through characters experiencing
existential crises or emotional voids. These characters work on feelings of
isolation, disillusionment and loss, often reflecting the human struggle to find
purpose and connection in an indifferent world. Their journey highlights the spread
of a sense of emptiness that can accompany profound personal and social
challenges.
In the visual arts, hollowing out is depicted by Stark, evocative images and
symbolism. Artists can use barren landscapes, desolate urban landscapes, or lonely
figures to convey melancholy and existential contemplation. These artistic
expressions reflect on the nature of being, the fleeting nature of life, and the
emotional landscape of people who feel hollowed out by their experiences.
Psychologically, hollowing out manifests as feelings of emptiness, numbness, or
separation, often due to trauma, loss, or deep existential questions. It may be a
symptom of mental health struggles such as depression and anxiety, and represents
a state of disconnection with yourself and others. This form of hollowing out
reflects the human ability to withstand and navigate deep inner turmoil, and the
often unseen battles fought within.
Ultimately, hollowing resonates deeply with human experience, evoking
introspection and empathy. It highlights a universal quest for relationships, goals,
and fulfillment in a world where you can deeply feel the sky. By exploring the
concept of hollowing out, we confront our vulnerability and the temporary nature
of being, and gain a deeper understanding of the shared human condition. This
exploration promotes a sense of solidarity and compassion, reminding us of the
complexities of life and our collective journey through a lasting hope for meaning
and connection.