Title: Definite Integration

Chapter: Definite Integration

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Worksheet Compiled By: Prashant Jain (PJ Sir)

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Exercise II
PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
1
1. The value of  ( 2 x − 1) ( 3 x − 1)
0
dx, (where {. } denotes fractional part of x) is equal to :

19 19 19 19
(A) (B) (C) (D)
36 144 72 18

100 100 1 
2. If  f(x) dx = a, then   f (r − 1 + x ) dx  =
0 
r =1 0 
(A) 100 a (B) a (C) 0 (D) 10 a

t
3. lim −

t → 
 tan 
0
cos  n(cos )d is equal to:
2
(A) –4 (B) 4 (C) –2 (D) Does not exists

 n
0 , where x = , n = 1, 2, 3..... 2
4. If f(x) = 

n +1 , then the value of  f(x) dx .
 1 , else where 0

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) 

 

If  e− x e
− ax2
2
5. dx = , then dx where a > 0 is :
0
2 0

   1 
(A) (B) (C) 2 (D)
2 2a a 2 a

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 4
 yi
 ex 
 ( sin–1 xi + cos–1 yi )
4 i=1
6. If = 6, then  x ln(1 + x 2 ) 
 1 + e2x
 dx is equal to

i=1 4  
 xi
i=1

 17 
(A) 0 (B) e4 + e–4 (C) ln   (D) e4 – e–4
 12 

7. The tangent to the graph of the function y = f(x) at the point with abscissa x =1 form an angle of  / 6
and at the point x = 2, an angle of  / 3 and at the point x = 3, an angle of  / 4 with positive x-axis. The
3 3
value of  f ' ( x ) f '' ( x ) dx +  f '' (x) dx (f''(x) is supposed to be continuous) is :
1 2

4 3 −1 3 3 −1 4− 3 4
(A) (B) (C) (D) − 3
3 3 2 3 3

e− t
1 a
et
8. Let A = 
0 1+ t
dt, then 
a −1
t − a −1
dt has the value :

(A) Ae–a (B) – Ae–a (C) – ae–a (D) Aea

x
2x2 +1
9. (1 + 2 n x)dx is equal to
1
255
(A) 256 (B) 255 (C) (D) 128
2

cosec
 1
10. If f(x) is a function satisfying f   + x2 f(x) = 0 for all non-zero x, then
x  

sin 
f(x) dx equals to :

(A) sin + cosec (B) sin2  (C) cosec2  (D) none of these

C0 C1 C2
11. If + + = 0 , where C0, C1, C2 are all real, the equation C2x2 + C1x + C0 = 0 has:
1 2 3
(A) atleast one root in (0, 1) (B) one root in (1, 2) & other in (3, 4)
(C) one root in (−1, 1) & the other in (− 5, − 2) (D) both roots imaginary
x
12. If f(x) =  (2cos2 3t + 3sin2 3t) dt, f(x + ) is equal to :
0

 
(A) f(x) + 2f() (B) f(x) + 2f   (C) f(x) + 4f   (D) 2f(x)
2 4  

x
dt
13. Let f (x) = 
0 1 + t3
and g (x) be the inverse of f (x), then which one of the following holds good?

(A) 2g'' = g2 (B) 2g'' = 3g2 (C) 3g'' = 2g2 (D) 3g'' = g2

2 1
14. Let f(x) is differentiable function satisfying 2 f(tx)dt = x + 2 ,  x  R Then  (8f(8x) – f(x) – 21x) dx
1 0

equals to
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9

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 1

 x (tan
−1
15. Let n = n
x)dx , n  N, then
0
 1
(A) (n + 1)n + (n – 1)n–2 = +  n3
4 n
 1
(B) (n + 1)n + (n – 1)n–2 = −  n3
2 n
 1
(C) (n + 1)n – (n – 1)n–2 = +  n3
4 n
 1
(D) (n + 1)n – (n – 1)n–2 = −  n3
2 n

/2
If , un = x
n
16. sin x dx , then the value of u10 + 90 u8 is:
0
8 9 9 9
   
(A) 9   (B)   (C) 10   (D) 9  
2 2 2 2

tan x cot x
t 1
17. The value of 1/ e 1+ t2 dt + 
1/ e t(1 + t 2 )
dt , where x  (/6, /3), is equal to :

(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) cannot be determined

x
u  x
A1
18. Let A1 =    f (t) dt  du and A2 =  f (u).(x − u) du then is equal to :
0 0  0
A2
1
(A) (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) –1
2

1/ n
  2 3 (n − 1) 
19. lim  sin . sin . sin .......sin is equal to :
n →
 2n 2n 2n n 
1 1 1 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 3 4 4

PART - II : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE

4
3x 2 + 1 
1.  (x
2
2
− 1)
3
dx =
n2
where , n  N and gcd(, n) = 1, then find the value of  + n


2 5
 min . ( 3 sinx,cos x) dx and V = x sgn (x – 1)dx. If V = U, then find the value of .
2
2. Let U =
 −3
6
[Note : sgn k denotes the signum function of k.]

10 100
 100  f(x) f(x)
3. Let f(x) be a function satisfying f(x) = f 
 x 
  x  0. If  x
dx = 5 then find the value of  x
dx
1 1

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4. Evaluate
1002 1003
dx
2005 
0 1002 − x + 1003 − x
2 2 2 2
+
1002
 1003 2 − x 2 dx

1
= k, then find the sum of squares of digits of


0
1 − x 2 dx

natural number k.

/2

5. If 
0
sin2.sin  d =
n
then find n

/4
1


dx
6. Let I1 =
0
(1 + tan x)2 dx , 2 =
 (1+ x) (1+ x
0
2 2
)

then find the value of


1 

+t
Find the value of n  et (2t 2 + t + 1)dt 
2
7.
 
0 

0
x
8. If  x + 1+ e
−1
x
dx is equal to –nk , then find the value of k.

9. If f, g, h be continuous functions on [0, a] such that f (a − x) = f (x), g (a − x) = − g (x)

a
and 3 h (x) − 4 h (a − x) = 5, then find the value of 
0
f (x) g (x) h (x) dx

/2 
sin x   
10. If f(x) =
x
 x  (0, ], If
k  0
f(x) f  − x  dx =
2 

0
f(x) dx then find the value of k.

11. Evaluate: 3
z


0
a2 sin2 x + b2 cos2 x
a4 sin2 x + b4 cos2 x
dx , where a2 + b2 =
3
, a2  b2 and ab  0.
4

2
12. |
0
15 sin x + cos x | dx

3 + a
x
13. Let a be a real number in the interval [0, 314] such that 
−+ a
| x − a −  | sin   dx = –16, then determine
2
number of such values of a.


 1 1    
  4n − 3 − 4n − 1 = n , find 'n'
1
14.  Note that tan−1 x + c =
 1 + 
x 2
dx 

n =1  

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 1 1
15. If f (x) = x +  t(x + t) f(t) dt , then the value of the definite integral  f(x) dx can be expressed in the
0 0

p
form of rational as (where p and q are coprime). Find (p + q).
q

x
16. If f(x) = (ax + b) ex satisfies the equation : f(x) =  ex − y f '(y)dy − (x 2 − x + 1)e x , find (a2 + b2)
0


17. If the minimum of the following function f(x) defined at 0 < x < .
2

x 2
d d
f(x) =  cos  +  sin  is equal to
0 x
n(a + b) where a, b  N and b is not a perfect square then find the

value of (a + b)

18. If f() = 2 and  (f(x) + f (x)) sin x dx = 5, then find the value of f(0)
0

(it is given that f(x) is continuous in [0, ])

x 5 – x

19. If f(x) = 2x3 – 15x2 + 24x and g(x) =  f(t) dt +

0

0
f(t) dt (0 < x < 5). Find the number of integers

for which g(x) is increasing.

 1− x if 0  x 1 x
20. Let f(x) = 0 if 1  x  2 and function F(x) =  f(t) dt. If number of points of discontinuity in
(2 − x)2 if 2x3 0

[0, 3] and non-differentiability in (0, 3) of F(x) are  and  respectively, then ( – ) is equal to.

PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE


x
1.  (1 + x ) (1 + x )
0
2
dx equals to :

 
(A) (B)
4 2

dx
(C) is same as  (1 + x ) (1 + x )
0
2
(D) cannot be evaluated

b
|x|
2. The value of integral 
a
x
dx, a < b is:

(A) b – a if a > 0 (B) a – b if b < 0 (C) b + a if a < 0 < b (D) | b | – | a |

1
dx
3. If n =  ; n  N, then which of the following statements hold good?
(1 + x )
n
2
0


(A) 2n n + 1 = 2 −n + (2n − 1) In
1
(B) 2 = +
8 4
 1  5
(C) 2 = − (D) 3 = −
8 4 16 48

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 
4. The value of integral 
0
xf (sin x) dx is :

 / 2 /4

(A)
2 
0
f (sin x) dx (B)  
0
f (sin x) dx (C) 0 (D) 2 
0
f (sin x) dx

2
5. If  =  sin2 xdx, then
0
 / 2 2 / 4
(A)  = 2  sin2 xdx (B)  = 4  sin2 xdx (C)  =  cos xdx
2
(D)  = 8  sin
2
xdx
0 0 0 0

6. Given f is an odd function defined everywhere, periodic with period 2 and integrable on every interval.
Let
x
g(x) = 
0
f(t) dt. Then :

(A) g(2n) = 0 for every integer n (B) g(x) is an even function

(C) g(x) and f(x) have the same period (D) g(x) is an odd function

ex e− x
dt dt
7. Let f : R → R be defined as f(x) =  1 + t2 +  1 + t2
, then
−1 1

(A) f(x) is periodic (B) f(f(x)) = f(x)  x  R


(C) f(1) = f '(1) = (D) f(x) is unbounded
2

n
n
8. If a, b  R+ then Lim
n →
 (k + an)(k + bn)
k =1
is equal to

1 b(b + 1) 1 a(b + 1)
(A) ln if a  b (B) ln if a  b
a−b a(a + 1) a−b b(a + 1)
1
(C) non existent if a = b (D) if a = b
a(1 + a)


x+
3
9. Let f(x) =  | sin  |d
x
(x  [0, ])

(A) f(x) is strictly increasing in this interval (B) f(x) is differentiable in this interval

(C) Range of f(x) is 2 − 3, 1 (D) f(x) has a maxima at x =
3

2
10. If f(x) is integrable over [1, 2], then 
1
f(x) dx is equal to :

1 n
r 1 r
2n
(A) lim
n → n

r =1
f 
n
(B) lim
n → n
r =n+1

f 
n
1 n
r +n 1 2n
r
(C) lim
n → n

r =1
f
 n 
 (D) lim  f  
n → n
r =1 n

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 1
2
1
11. Let n = 
0 1 − xn
dx where n > 2 , then

  1 1
(A) n < (B) n > (C) n < (D) n >
6 6 2 2

12. If f(x) = 2{x}, where {x} denotes the fractional part of x. Then which of the following is true ?
1 1 100
1
(A) f is periodic (B)  2{x} dx = (C)  2{x} dx = log2 e (D) 2
{x}
dx = 100log2 e
0
n2 0 0

x
13. Let f(x) =  | 2t − 3 | dt, then f is
0

(A) continuous at x = 3/2 (B) continuous at x = 3

(C) differentiable at x = 3/2 (D) differentiable at x = 0


Let n =  (sin x) dx, n  N, then
n
14.
0

(A) n is rational if n is odd (B) n is irrational if n is even

(C) n is an increasing sequence (D) n is a decreasing sequence

15. Let f(x) be a function satisfying f(x) + f(x + 2) = 10 xR, then

(A) f(x) is a periodic function (B) f(x) is aperiodic function
7 7
(C) 
−1
f(x)dx = 20 (D)  f(x)dx = 40
−1


sin2 (nx)
16. Let n = 
0
sin2 x
dx , n  N, then

(A) n+2 + n = 2n+1 (B) n = n+1

(C) n = n (D) 1, 2, 3,n are in Harmonic progression

17. Let f(x) be a continuous function and

9
= 1
x f(x) dx , then

(A) There exists some c  (1, 9) such that  = 8 c f(c)

(B) There exists some p, q  (1, 3) such that  = 2[p2 f(p2) + q2 f(q2)]
(C) There exists some   (1, 9) such that  = 9  f()

(D) If f(x)  0 x  [1, 9]  >0

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 e2
nx
18. Let A = 
1 x
dx , then

 1  1 
(A) A > 2  e –  (B) A < (e – 1)  2 + 
e    e
 1 
(D) A < ( e2 – 1)
2
(C) A > (e – 1)  2 + 
 e e

b
19. 
Let f(a, b) = (x 2 − 4x + 3)dx , (b > a) then
a

(A) f(a, 3) is least when a = 1 (B) f(4, b) is an increasing function b  4

4
(C) f(0, b) is least for b = 2 (D) min{f(a, b)} = −
3


 x 1 
20. Let  =   x
2
2
+ 1
−
2x + 1 
dx &  is a finite real number, then

1 1 5 1 5
(A)  = (B)  = 1 (C)  = n (D)  = n
2 2  2  4  4 


21. Let f(x) be a strictly increasing, non-negative function such that f"(x) < 0 x  (, ) &  =  f(x)dx

( > ), then
+ +
(A)  < f   ( − ) (B)  > f   ( − )
 2   2 

1 1
(C)  > (f() + f())( – ) (D) I < (f() + f())( – )
2 2

 
x sin x x3 sin x
22. 1 =  1 + cos
0
2
x
dx , 2 =  (
0
2
− 3x + 3x2 )(1 + cos2 x)
dx, then

2 2
(A) 1 = (B) 1 = (C) 1 = 2 (D) 1 > 2
8 4
x2 x2

 sin
0
t dt  sin
0
t dt
23. Let L1 = lim+ , L2 = lim , then identify the correct option(s).
x →0 x − sin x x →0− x − sin x

(A) L1 = 4 (B) L1 + L2 = 8

(C) L1 + L2 = 0 (D) |L2| = |L1|

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 (1k + 2k + 3k + ..... + nk )
24. lim = F(k), then (k  N)
n→ (1 2
+ 2 + ..... + n2 )(13 + 23 + ........ + n3 )
2

(A) F(k) is finite for k  6 (B) F(5) = 0

12 5
(C) F(6) = (D) F(6) =
7 7

n n −1

r r
n n
25. Let Tn = , Sn = , then
r =1
2
− 2r.n + 2n 2
r =0
2
− 2r.n + 2n2


(A) Tn > Sn  n  N (B) Tn >
4
 
(C) Sn < (D) lim Sn =
4 n→ 4

1
26. f(x) =  f(tx)dt, where f ' (x) is a continuous function such that f(1) = 2, then
0

(A) f(x) is a periodic function (B) f '(x) = 0

(C) f(x) is an even function (D) f(x) is an odd function

PART - IV : COMPREHENSION

Comprehension # 1
v( x)
dy dy
If y = 
u( x)
f(t) dt , let us define
dx
in a different manner as
dx
= v(x) f 2 (v(x)) – u(x) f2 (u(x)) and

the equation of the tangent at (a, b) as y – b = 

dy 
 (x – a)
 dx (a, b)
x2
1. If y =  t 2 dt , then equation of tangent at x = 1 is
x

(A) y = x + 1 (B) x + y = 1 (C) y = x – 1 (D) y = x

x
d
If F(x) =  et (1 – t2) dt, then
2
/2
2. F(x) at x = 1 is
1
dx
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) – 1

x4
dy
3. If y =  nt dt , then lim is
x →0+ dx
x3

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) – 1

Comprehension # 2

 n (1 + x cos )
x2 x2

Let g(t) =  f(t, x)

x1
dx . Then g(t) = x t (f(t, x)) dx. Consider f(x) =  cos 
d.
1 0

4. Range of f(x) is
 −   −2 2 
(A) (0, ) (B) (0, 2) (C)  , (D)  
2 
,
 2  2 2 

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5. The number of critical points of f(x), in the interior of its domain, is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinitely many

6. f(x) is
(A) discontinuous at x = 0 (B) differentiable at x = 1
(C) continuous at x = 0 (D) None of these

Comprehension # 3
If length of perpendicular drawn from points of a curve to a straight line approaches zero along an infinite
branch of the curve, the line is said to be an asymptote to the curve. For example, y-axis is an asymptote
to y = nx & x-axis is an asymptote to y = e–x.
Asymptotes parallel to x-axis :
If lim f(x) = e (a finite number) then y = e is an asymptote to y = f(x). Similarly if lim f(x) =  , then y
x → x →−

=  is also an asymptote.
Asymptotes parallel to y-axis :
If lim f(x) =  or lim f(x) = − , then x = a is an asymptote to y = f(x).
x →a x →a

(x + 1)(x + 2)
7. Number of asymptotes parallel to co-ordinate axes for the function f(x) = is equal to :
(x − 1)(x − 2)
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

2x
8. Area bounded by y = , it's asymptote and ordinates at points of extremum is equal to (in square
x +12

unit)
(A) n2 (B) 2n2 (C) n3 (D) 2n3

9. Area bounded by y = x2e–x and it's asymptote in first quadrant is equal to (in square unit)
(A) 2e (B) e (C) 1 (D) 2

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 Answer Key
PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (A) 7. (D)
8. (B) 9. (C) 10. (D) 11. (A) 12. (B) 13. (B) 14. (C)
15. (B) 16. (C) 17. (C) 18. (B) 19. (C)

PART - II : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE

1. (61) 2. (64) 3. (10) 4. (29) 5. (4) 6. (4) 7. (2)
8. (2) 9. (0) 10. (2) 11. (8) 12. (16) 13. (25) 14. (4)
15. (65) 16. (5) 17. (11) 18. (3) 19. (2) 20. (0)

PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

1. (AC) 2. (ABCD) 3. (AB) 4. (AB) 5. (ABC) 6. (ABC) 7. (AB)
8. (BD) 9. (BCD) 10. (BC) 11. (AD) 12. (ABCD) 13. (ABCD) 14. (ABD)
15. (AD) 16. (AC) 17. (AB) 18. (BD) 19. (ABD) 20. (AD) 21. (AC)
22. (BC) 23. (ACD) 24. (ABC) 25. (ABCD) 26. (ABC)

PART - IV : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. (D) 5. (A) 6. (B) 7. (C)
8. (B) 9. (D)

Solution
PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
1
1.  ( 2 x − 1) ( 3 x − 1) dx
0
1/ 3 1/ 2 2/3 1
=  (2x − 1) (3x – 1) dx +
0 1/ 3
 (2x − 1) (3x – 2) dx + 
1/ 2
(2x − 2) (3x – 2) dx +  (2x − 2)
2/3
(3x – 3) dx

1/ 3 1/ 2 2/3 1
19
 (6x − 5x + 1) dx +  (6x 2 − 7x + 2) dx +  (6x2 − 10x + 4) dx +  (6x − 12x + 6) dx =
2 2
= .
0 1/ 3 2/3
72
1/ 2

 ( )
100 1 1 1 1 1
2.
r =1
0
f(r – 1 + x) dx =  f(x)
0
dx +  f(1 + x) dx +  f(2 + x) dx + ....... +  f(99 + x) dx
0 0 0

1 2 100
=  f(x)
0
dx +  f(x) dx + ..... +
1
 f(x)
99
dx

{using shifting property}

100
=  0
f(x) dx = a

t
sin 
3. lim −

t → 

0
cos 
.ln(cos )d , let cos = y2
2
t t
n(y2 )
  n ydy = 4 y n y − ya = 4. lim+ −1 + a − a na = – 4
1
2 lim+ tdy = 4. lim+
a→0 y a→0 a →0
0 0

n
2 1/ 2 2/3 3/4 n +1 2
4.  f(x) dx =
0
 1.dx +
0

1/ 2
1.dx +
2/3
 1.dx + ..... + 
n −1
1.dx + .........+  1. dx
1
n

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  1  2 1  3 2  n n – 1 n
=   +  –  +  –  + .... +  – + .... + 1 = + .... + 1 as n → 
2 3 2  4 3  n +1 n  n +1
taking limit n → 
2
we get  f(x) dx = 1 + 1 = 2
0


Let  =  e–ax dx
2
5.
0

dt
Put ax = t  dx =
a
 
1 1 1  1 
then  = e e
– t2 – x2
dt = dx = =
a 0 a 0 a 2 2 a

 ( sin–1 xi + cos–1 yi )
4
6. = 6  x1 = x2 = x3 = x4 = 1 & y1 = y2 = y3 = y4 = –1
i=1
4  ex 
hence  = 
2
x ln(1 + x )   dx = 0 (as f(x) is an odd function)
 1 + e2x 
−4  

7. Given,
 dy   1
f'(1) =   = tan =
 dx  x =1 6 3


f'(2) =  
dy
= tan = 3
 dx  x = 2 3


f'(3) =  
dy
= tan = 1
 dx  x = 3 4
3 3
Let, I =  f ' ( x ) . f " ( x ) dx +  f " ( x ) dx = 1 + 2
1 2

3
 I1 =  f ' ( x ) . f " ( x ) dx
1

3
I1 = f ' ( x ) . f ' ( x ) 1 −  f " ( x ) f ' ( x ) dx
3

2I1 = f ' ( 3 ) − f ' (1)

2 2

1
2I1 = 1 −
3
1
I1 =
3
3

 f "(x)dx = f ' ( x ) 2 = f'(3) – f'(2) = 1 –

3
and, I2 = 3
2

1 4
 I = I1 + I2 = + 1 − 3 = − 3
3 3

e– t dt
1 a
et dt
8. A=  t +1
0
 = 
a −1
t – a –1
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 Put t=a–y  dt = – dy
1 y
e dy
then  = – e– a  = −A e–a
0
y +1

+1
Substitute  x x (x + 2xnx).dx = dt 
2 2
9. xx (1 + 2nx).dx = dt
16 16
t2 255
Hence  = 
1
tdt =
2
1
=
2

 1 1  1
10. f   + x2 f(x) = 0 f    f(x) = –
x x
2
x
cosec cosec
1  1
  =  f(x) dx =  – 2 f   dx
sin  sin  x x
1 1
=t  – dx = dt
x x2
sin  cos ec
 = 
cosec
f(t) dt  =– 
sin 
f(t) dt = – I  2=0  =0

1
 (C x + C1x + C0 ) dx
2
11. 2
0
1
 C2 x 3 C1x 2  C0 C1 C2
=  + + C0 x  = + + = 0 (given)
 3 2 0 1 2 3
 graph y = C2x2 + C1x + C0 crosses x-axis atleast once.
 at least one root of the equation C2x2 + C1x + C0 = 0 is present in (0, 1)

x + x x +
12. f(x + ) = 
0
(2cos2 3t + 3sin2 3t) dt = 
0
(2cos2 3t + 3sin2 3t) dt + 
x
(2cos2 3t + 3sin2 3t) dt

t=x+y
 / 2


= f(x) + (2cos2 3y + 3 sin2 3y) dy = f(x) + 2  (2cos 3y + 3sin2 3y) dy = f(x) + 2f  
2

0 0 2

1 −3x 2
13. f ' (x) = & f '' (x) = , Also g(f(x)) = x
1 + x3 2(1 + x3 )3 / 2
f ''(x) 3x2 3x 2
 g''(f(x)) = – = .(1 + x3 )3 / 2  g''(f(x)) =
(f '(x))3 2(1 + x3 )3 / 2 2
Let f(x) = t  g(t) = x
so 2g'' = 3g2.
2x 2x
2
14.
x  f(y)dy = x + 2
x
 2  f(y)dy = x2 + 2x
x

differentiate
 2[2f(2x) – f(x)] = 2x + 2  2f(2x) – f(x) = x + 1 ..........(i)
 4f(4x) – 2f(2x) = 2 (2x + 1) = 4x + 2 ..........(ii)
 8f (8x) – 4f(4x) = 2(8x + 2) = 16x + 4 ..........(iii)
Add (i) + (ii) and (iii) we get
 8f(8x) – f(x) = 21x + 7
1 1
  (8f(8x) – f(x) – 21x)dx =  7dx = 7
0 0

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 1 1 1
(tan−1 x).xn+1 1 xn+1  xn+1
15. n =
n +1
0
− 
n + 1 1 + x2
0
dx  (n + 1)n =
4
−  x 2
+ 1
dx
0
1 1
 xn−1  xn+1(x 2 + 1)  1
Similarly (n – 1) n–2 = − 2 dx  (n + 1)n + (n – 1)n–2 = −
4
0
x +1 2
0
 x +1
2
dx = −
2 n 
/2 / 2 / 2
16. u10 = 0
x10 . sin x dx = – (x10 . cos x)0 / 2 − 
0
10 . x9 ( − cos x) dx = 10 
0
x9 cos x dx
/ 2
= (10 . x9 sinx )
/ 2
– 10  9.x
8
sin x dx
0
0
9 9
 
u10 = 10 .   – 90 . u8  u10 + 90u8 = 10  
2 2

tan x cot x
t 1
17. I=
1/ e
 1+ t2
dt + 
1/ e t(1 + t 2 )
dt

1
put t =
x
tan x tan x
t 1
I=  1+ t2
dt +  1 1
. dx
1+ 2 
x 
1/ e e
x 
e
1 
tan x e e
t x t
I=
1/ e
 1+ t 2
+ 
tan x 1 + x
2
dx =
1/ e
 1+ t 2
dt =  n (1 + t 2 ))  = 1
2 1/ e

x


u


18. L.H.S. =    f(t) dt  du
0 
 0 

Integrating by parts taking 1 as 2nd function
x
 u
 x x x
L.H.S. =  u

 f(t)
0
dt  –
0 0
 f(u) .udu = x 0 f(t) dt – 0 f(u) . udu
x x x
= x  f(u) du –  f(u) . udu =  f(u) . (x – u) du = R.H.S.
0 0 0

1/ n
   2 2(n – 1)  
19. A =  Lim  sin sin .......sin 
n →   2n 2n 2n  
1 2(n–1)
r   x 

2
 nA = n sin = 0 n sin   dx
n r =1 2 n  2 
/ 2
 x 2  4
put
2
=t  nA =
  0
n (sin t) dt =
 
0
n (sin t) dt

1
 n A = – 2 n 2  A =
4

PART - II : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE

1. Note that (x + 1)3 – (x – 1)3 = 2(3x2 + 1)

1  ( x + 1) − (x − 1)  1  4 dx dx 
4 3 3 4
Hence  =
2  (x + 1)3 (x − 1)3
dx= 
 2  (x − 1)3

− 
(x + 1)3   
 2  2 2

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 4
1  1 1   1 1   1   46
=  −  =  −  −  − 1  =
2  2(x + 1)2
2(x − 1)  2
2
 25 9   9  225

/2
1
 cos xdx = sin x
/2
2. U= /6
=
2
/6
1 5
1 1
V=
−3
 
( −x2 )dx + x2 dx =
1
3
 −(1 + 27) + (125 − 1) = [−28 + 124] = 32
3

 V = U   = 64

 100 
100 10 100 1 f 
 t  .t  −100dt 

f(x) f(x) f(x) 100
3.  1
x
dx = 1
x
dx + 
10
x
dx = 5 +
10
100 
 t2 
 (substituting x =
t
)

10 10
 100  dt f(t)
=5+ 
t
f .
 t  t
= 5+ 
1
t
dt = 10

1002 1003
10032 − x 2 − 10022 − x 2
2005 
0
2005
+
1002
 1003 2 − x 2 dx
4. 1


0
1 − x 2 dx

1003 1002

 10032 − x 2 dx −  10022 − x 2 dx
= 0
1
0


0
1 − x 2 dx

Hence 22 + 52 = 29

/2 /2
5. = 
0
sin2 cos d ; = 
0
sin2 sin d (By property)

1 1
Let sin – cos = t ; 2 = 
−1
1 − t2 = 2 
0
1 − t 2 dt ;

1

= 
0
1 − t 2 dt =
4

6. Substitute x = tan in 2.

/ 4
d
/4
d b b 
2 =  (1 + tan )2
=    
2
  
 f(x)dx = f(a + b − x)dx 

a 
 1 + tan  −   
0 0 a

 4 
/ 4
(1 + tan )2 
= 
0
4
d  2 =


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 1 1


2
+t 2
+t 2
+t
7.  = et + t.et (2t + 1)dt = t.et = e2
0
0 f(t) f '(t)

0
xe− x
8. Let =  (x + 1)e
−1
−x
+1
dx substituting 1 + (x + 1)e–x = t  –xe–x dx = dt

2
dt
=– t
1
= − n2

a
9. I= 
0
f(x) g(x) h(x) dx

3h(x) − 5
a a
I= 
0
f(a − x) g(a − x) h(a − x) dx = 
0
f(x) . (−g(x))
4
dx
a a
3 5
I= –
4 
0
f(x) g(x) h(x) +
4 
0
f(x) g(x) dx

3 7
I=– I+0 I=0
4 4
7
I=0  I=0  f(x) g(x) dx = 0
4
a
I1 = 
0
f(x) g(x) dx ......(i)
a
I1 = 
0
f(a − x) g(a − x) dx
a
I1 = 
0
f(x) ( −g(x)) dx ......(ii)

(i) + (ii) 2I1 = 0  I1 = 0

 
sin x
10. =  f(x) dx = 
0 0
x
dx ... (i)
  
sin(  − x) sin x
 =  f( – x) dx = 0  − x dx = –x dx ... (ii)
0 0

(i) + (ii)
 
 sin x sin x   sin x
 2 = 0  x +  − x  dx  =
2  x( − x) dx
0
... (iii)

   
sin  − x 
   
2 2
sin x  2  dx
Now
2 0 f(x) f  2 – x  dx = 2 0 x x 
–x
2

/2
 2
sin x cos x  sin 2x
=
2 0 x ·  dx = ·
4   
dx
–x 0
x  – x
2  2 

 sin t
=
8  t  t
dt , where t = 2x ... (iv)
–
2  2 2 
0

(iii) + (iv)
 
  

2 0 f(x) f  2 – x  dx =  f(x)
0
dx

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 /2 /2
6 (a2 + b2 )(a2 sin2 x + b2 cos2 x) 6  a4 cos2 x + b4 cos2 x + a2b2 
11. Let  =
a +b
2 2 
0
a sin x + b cos x
4 2 4 2
dx =
3
.4 
0

 a4 sin2 x + b4 cos2 x
 dx

/2 /2
8 8a2b2 sec 2 x
=
 
0
dx +
 
0
a sin x + b4 cos2 
4 2
dx

/2 /2
b2 sec 2 x dx 8b2 a2 tan−1 x 
a2

−1
=4+8 = 4 + . . tan   =4+4=8
a2 0
tan2 x + (b2 / a2 ) a2 b2  b2 0

2
1
12. I=
0
 | sin(x + ) | dx , where tan = 15
2 +
= 4 

| sin | dt (substituting x +  = t)

 a+T T 
= 
  
f(x)dx = f(x)dx if f(x + T) = f(x) 

 a 0 
= 16

3 + a
x
13. Let  = 
−+ a
| x − a −  | sin   dx
2
Let x–a–=t

2 2 2
t+a  a+t  a+t  a − t 
 = 
−2 
| t | sin 
 2
+  dt =
2
−2 
| t | cos 
 2 
dt =  t cos 
−2 

2 
+ cos 
 2 
  dt

2 2
 a t a t t
=  t 2cos 2 cos 2  dt = 2cos  2   cos  2  dt Let
−2  0
=
2
y


a a a


8cos   y cos y dy = 8cos   y sin y + cos y0 = −16cos  
20 2 2  
a
Now  = –16  cos   = 1  a = 4k, k  
2  
Hence number of value of 'a' is 25.

1 1
dx
14.  1+ x 
0
2
= (1 − x2 + x 4 − x6 + x8 − x10 + .........)dx
0

1 x3 x5 x7 x9  1 1 1 1
 tan−1 x = x −
1
+ − + ....... 0
 = 1 − + − + .......
0 3 5 7 9 4 3 5 7 9

1 1 1
15. f(x) = x + 
0
t(x + t) f(t)dt ; 
0

f(x) = x + x t f (t)dt + t 2 f (t)dt
0
1 1

 t f (t)dt = a t f (t)dt = b
2
Let & Hence f(x) = (a + 1)x + b
0 0
1
a +1 b
So, a=  t {(a + 1)t + b}dt =
0
3
+
2
 4a – 3b = 2 .......(1)

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 1
a +1 b
t {(a + 1)t + b} dt = +  8b – 3a = 3
2
& b= .......(2)
4 3
0
25 18
from (1) & (2) a = & b=
23 23
1 1
6 6 42
so 
0
f (t)dt =
23 
(8t + 3)dt =
0
23
.7 =
23
 p + q = 65

x
16. f(x).e–x = e
−y
.ey (ay + b + a)dy − (x2 + x + 1)
0

f ' (x) .e–x – f(x).e–x = ax + (a + b) – (2x + 1)

f ' (x) – f(x) = ex{(a – 2)x + (a + b – 1)}
 {(ax + b + a) – (ax + b)}ex = ex {(a – 2)x + (a + b – 1)}
 a – 2 = 0 & a = a + b – 1 a=2&b=1
 a 2 + b2 = 5

x /2
d d 1 1 sin x − cos x
17. f(x) = 
0
cos 
+ 
x
sin 
 f ' (x) = − =
cos x sin x sin x − cos x

f ' (x) = 0  x=  f ' (x) changes sign from (–) to (+) hence it is a point of
4
minima.
/4 /2 /4

 sec  d +  cosec d = 2  sec  d = 2ln(sec  + tan  )
/4
Now f =   = = 2n( 2 + 1)
4
0
0 / 4 0

= n(3 + 8 )
Hence a + b = 11
 
18. 5= 
0
f(x) . sin x dx + 
0
sin x . f (x) dx
 
5 = – (f(x) . cos x)0 +  f (x) cos xdx + (sin x . f (x))0 –  cos x f (x) dx
0 0

5 – 2 = f(0)  f(0) = 3

19. f '(x) = 6(x2 – 5x + 4)

g'(x) = f(x) – f(5 – x)
for function g(x) to be increasing
g'(x) > 0
Now graph of f(x) will be as shown
5
If 0 < x <
2

4 5
0 1 2 3

f(x) > f(5 – x)

 5
So g(x) is increasing in  0, . Hence 2 integers 1 and 2.
 2 

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  x

 0 (1 − t) dt ; 0  x 1
 x−
x2
; 0  x 1
  2
 1 x
 1
20. F(x) = 
  (1 − t) dt +  0 . dx ; 1  x  2 ; F(x) =  2
; 1 x  2
1
0 1 
 (x − 2)
3
2 x 1
 (1 − t) dt + 0 . dx + (2 − t)2 dt ; 2  x  3 + ; 2x3

0
 1

2
 3 2

PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

 / 2
x dx tan 
1.  (1 + x ) (1 + x )
0
2
, x = tan  I=  (1+ tan ).sec 2

.sec 2 d
0

/ 2 / 2
sin  cos 
= 
0
sin  + cos 
d .........(i) ; = 
0
sin  + cos 
d .........(ii)

(i) + (ii)
/ 2

2 =  1.d = 2
0
 = /4

 / 2
dx sec 2  d
 (1 + x ) (1 + x )
0
2
x = tan  =  (1+ tan ).sec 2

.
0

/ 2
sin  
= 
0
sin  + cos 
d =
4
(as above)

2. Case-I 0 < a < b

b
|x|
|x| = x then 
a
x
dx = b – a

b 0 b
|x| |x| |x|
Case- II a < 0 < b then 
a
x
dx = 
a
x
dx + 
0
x
dx = a + b

b b b
|x| |x|
Case-III a<b<0 then a x dx =  (−1) dx = a – b
a

a
x
dx =|b|–|a|

1
dx  x  1

1 1
3. n =  0 (1 + x 2 )n
= 0
(1 + x 2 )– n dx = 
 (1 + x 2 n 
) 0
–
0
(– n)(1 + x2 )– n –1 2x2 dx

1 1 x2 1 1 1 + x2 – 1 1
=
2n
+2 n  0 2 n +1
(1 + x )
= n +2 n
2 
0 (1 + x2 )n + 1
dx =
2n
+2 n n – 2n n+1

1 1 1 
 2n n + 1 = 2–n + (2n – 1) n  22 =
1
+ 1 = + tan– 1 x   2 = +
2 2 0 4 8

  /2
4. =  x f(sin x) dx =  ( − x)f(sin x) dx = 
0 0

0
f(sin x) dx

 / 2
5. = 2 
0
sin2 x dx = 2 . 2 
0
sin2 x dx

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6. f(– x) = – f(x) ... (1)
f(x + 2) = f(x) ... (2)
2n 2
g(2n) =  f(t) dt = n f(t) dt
0 0
 g(2n) = n g(2) ... (3)
–x
Now g( – x) =  f(t)dt
0
x x
put t=–z  dt = – dz =  f(−z) (−dz) = − f( – z) dz (from (1))
0 0
x
=  f(t) dt = g(x)  g(– x) = g(x)
0
x x+2 x 2
Again g(x + 2) = 
0
f(t)dt + 
x
f(t)dt  g(x + 2) =  f(t) dt +
0
 f(t)
0
dt ( f → period)

 g(x + 2) = g(x) + g(2) .... (4)

Putting x = 0, 2, ......
g(2) = g(0) + g(2)  g(0) = 0
g(4) = g(2) + g(2)  g(4) = 2g(2)
putting x → – x we get
g(2 – x) = g(– x) + g(2) = g(x) + g(2)
at x = 2
g(0) = 2g(2)  g(2) = 0
 g(0) = g( ± 2) = g(± 4) = ..... = 0
from (3) g(2n) = 0
& from (4) g(x + 2) = g(x)  prd. of g(x) is 2

ex e− x
dt dt
7. f(x) =  1+ t
−1
2
+  1+ t
1
2

ex ex ex ex
f ' (x) = − = − =0
1+ e 2x
1+ e 2x
1+ e 2x
1 + e2x
1
dt 
Hence f(x) = costant = f(0) =
−1
 1+ t 2
=
2

n 1


1 1 dx
8. lim
n→ n 
k =1 a +
k  k  (a + x)(b + x) =  (say)
  b+  0
 n  n
If a = b
1 1
dx 1  1 1 1
= 
0
(a + x)2
=−
a + x 0
= −
 a + 1
− =
a  a(a + 1)
If a  b
1 1
1  1 1  1 b+x
=  
− 
a−b b+ x a+ x 
0
dx = n
a − b  a + x  0

1  a(b + 1) 
= n 
a − b  b(a + 1) 

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9. Since |sin| is continuous f(x) will be differentiable
 
f ' (x) = sin  x +  − | sin x |
3  
    
f ' (x) = 0  sin2  x +  = sin2x  sin  2x +  .sin = 0
3   3 3
  5
 2x + =  , 2  x= ,
3 3 6
Indicator diagram of f(x) is

1
f(0) =
2

f  =1
3

 5 
f
 6 
=2
5 / 6

sin xdx = 2 − 3

1
f( ) =
2

n 1
r

1
10. (A) lim
n →  n
f   = f(x)dx
r =1  
n
0

2n 2
r

1
(B) lim
n →  n
f   = f(x)dx
r = 1+n  
n
1

r 
2n 2
1
lim
n →  n
 f  n  =  f(x)
r =1
dx
0

1 n r +n
1 2 2
(C) lim
n → 
f
n r = 1  n  0
= f(1 + x) dx =  f(t) dt =  f(x) dx
1 1

11. If n > 2
 1  1
xn < x2 x   0,   1 − xn  1 − x2 x   0, 
2    2
1/ 2
1 1 1 dx 
1
1− x n

1− x 2
=  n 
2 
0 1− x 2
=
6
Hence (A) & (D)

12. f(x) = 2{x}

Clearly f(x) is periodic with period 1.
1
1 1
 2x  1
 2 dx = 0 2 dx =  n2  0 =
{x} x
Now = log2e
0
n2
100 1

2 2
{x} {x}
Also dx = 100 dx = 100 log2e
0 0

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 3
13. If x
2
x
f(x) =  (3 − 2t) dt = 3x – x2
0

3
x>
2
3/2 x
f(x) = 
0
(3 − 2t) dt +  (2t − 3)
3/2
dt

9
= + x2 – 3x
2
 3x − x 2 , x  3/2
f(x) =  2
 x − 3x + 9 / 2 , x  3 / 2
3
Now this is continuous at x = and at x = 3 also differentiable at x = 0
2
 /2


n = (sin x)n dx =  (sin x) dx
n
14.
0 0

By Wallis' formula we knew that n is irrational of n is even & rational if n is odd.

 
Morever (sinx)n  (sinx)n+1 x  0, 
2 

Hence n > n+1, so it is a decreasing sequence.

15. f(x) + f(x + 2) = 10 ......(i)

replace x by x + 2
f(x + 2) + f(x + 4) = 10 .......(ii) (i) – (ii)  f(x) – f(x + 4) = 0
7 4 2 2
Now 
−1

0

f(x)dx = 2 f(x)dx = 2 (f(x) + f(x + 2)dx = 2 10 dx = 2 · 2 · 10 = 40
0

0

Hence (A) & (D)


sin2 (n + 2)x − 2sin2 (n + 1)x + sin3 (nx)
16. Consider n+2 – 2 n+1 + n = 
0
sin2 x
dx

 
{sin2 (n + 2)x − sin2 (n + 1)x}{sin2 (n + 1)x − sin2 nx} sin x{sin(2n + 3)x − sin(2n + 1)x}
= 
0
sin x 2
dx = 
0
sin2 x
dx


2cos(2x + 2)sin x 1 
= 
0
sin x
dx =
n +1
sin(2n + 3)x 0 = 0

Hence 1, 1,2, ......... are in A.P.

 
sin2 x 4 sin2 x cos2 x
1 =  sin
0
2
x
dx =  , 2 = 
0
sin2 x
dx = 2

Hence n =  + (n – 1) = n

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  100 
100 10 100 f 1
 t  .t  −100dt  (substituting x = 100 )

f(x) f(x) f(x)

1
x
dx = 
1
x
dx + 
10
x
dx = 5 +
100
10

 t2 

t

10 10
 100  dt f(t)
=5+ 
t
f .
 t  t
= 5+ 
1
t
dt = 10

17. Since f(x) is continuous

9
= 
1
x + f(x) = c.f(c)(9 − 1) for some c  (1, 9)

= 8 c f(c)

Now substituting x = t2.

3 2 3 
  
 = 2 t f(t )dt = 2 t f(t )dt + t 3 f(t 2 )dt  = 2[p2f(p2) + q2f(q2)] for some p  (1, 2) & q  (1, 3)

2 2 22
 
1 1 2 

Hence (A), (B) are correct option.

nx
18. Let f(x) =
x
2 – nx
f(x) = = 0  x = e2
2x 3 / 2
f(x) is decreasing in (e2, ) and f(x) is increasing in (0,e2)
e2
nx 2
A= 
1 x
dx < (e2 – 1) f(e2)  A < (e2 –1 )
e
e2 e e2
nx nx nx
A= 
1 x
=  1 x
+ 
e x
dx

1 2  1 
A < (e – 1) + (e2 – e)  A < (e – 1)  2 + 
e e  e
b
b
 x3  b3 − a3
19. 
f(a, b) = (x2 − 4x + 3)dx
a
 f(a, b) = 
 3
− 2x 2 + 3x  =
 a 3
– 2(b2 – a2) + 3 (b – a)

 1 1  (t 2 + 1)   1
 = lim
t
20. n(x2 + 1) − n(2x + 1) 2
;  = lim n
 2t + 1  − n5 + n5
t → 2 t → 2
2   2 2

(t 2 + 1)
If  is finite lim must approach a finite positive number.
t → 2t + 1

1 (t 2 + 1)1/ 2 1
Hence  = & lim =
2 t → 2t + 1 2

1  1 1 1
so = n  − n5 + n5
2 2 4 2

Hence (A) & (D) are correct option.

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21. Now (Area of trapezium ABCD) < I < (Area of trapezium ABEF)

1 1    +  
(f() + f()( – )) <  < 2f   ( − )
2 2   2  

 
x sin x (  − x)sin x
22. 1 =  1 + cos
0
2
x
dx =  1+ cos
0
2
x
dx

 
x sin x sin x 2
2 1 =   1 + cos
0
2
x
dx = 1 =   1 + cos
0
2
x
dx =
4

 
x3 sin x (  − x)3 sin xdx
2 =  (
0
2
− 3x + 3x 2 )(1 + cos2 x)
dx =  {
0
2
− 3(  − x) + 3(  − x)2 (1 + cos2 x)

 
(  − x)3 sin x ( 2 − 3x + 3x 2 )sin x
2 =  {
0
2
− 3x + 3x 2 }(1 + cos2 x)
dx =  (
0
2
− 3x + 3x 2 }(1 + cos2 x)
dx


sin x
 22 =  1 + cos
0
2
x
dx  1 = 2

x2

 sin t dt
sin(x).2x
23. L1 = lim+ 0 = lim+ (By L'H'opitals rule)
x →0 x − sin x x →0 1 − cos x

=4
x2

 sin t dt
sin( − x).2x
L2 = lim− = lim−
0
(By L'H'opitals rule)
x →0 x − sin x x →0 1 − cos x

= –4
Hence (A), (C) & (D) are correct option.

(1k + 2k + 3k + ..... + nk )
24. lim
n→ (12 + 22 + ..... + n2 )(13 + 23 + ........ + n3 )
1
1k + 2k + ......nk 1
Now lim
n→ n k +1 
= xk dx =
0
k +1
pN

Hence the given limit is finite of k  6 & equals 12/7 for k = 6.

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 n n −1

 r  
1 1 1 1
25. Tn = 2
Sn =
n r =1 r n r =0  r 2 r
 n  − 2 n  + 2  n  − 2 n  + 2
       
1

= tan–1(x – 1)
dx
x
1
lim Tn = lim Sn = =
n→ n→
0
2
− 2x + 2 0
4

1
Note that f(x) = is increasing in [0, 1] hence
x − 2x + 2
2

Tn > Sn nN

and Tn is a decreasing sequence, while Sn is an increasing sequence. Hence Tn > lim Tn & Sn < lim
n→ n→
 
Sn so Tn > & Sn <
4 4

1
26. f(x) =  f(tx)dt
0
tx = y  xdt = dy

x x
1
f(x) =
x 
f(y).dt
0
 xf(x) =  f(y)dy
0
 xf ' (x) + f(x) = f(x)

 f ' (x) = 0 x  R f ' (x)

 f(x) = 2 (f(1) = 2). (A), (B), (C)

PART - IV : COMPREHENSION

1. At x = 1, y = 0
dy
= 2x . x8 – x4 = 2 – 1 = 1
dx
 equation of tangent y – 0 = 1 (x – 1)
x
F(x) =  et (1 – t2) dt
2
/2
2.
1

 x 
2

F(x) =  e 2 (1 − x 2 ) 
 
 
 F(1) = 0

dy
3. = 4x3 (n x4)2 – 3x2 (n x3)2
dx
= 4x3 (4 n x)2 – 3x2 (3 n x)2
= 64x3 (n x)2 – 27 x2 (n x)2

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 dy
 lim = 64 lim x3 (n x)2 – 27 lim x2 (n x)2 = 0
x →0+ dx x →0+ x →0+

Sol. (4, 5, 6)
For the integral to be defined in (0, ), –1 < x < 1
[T]


1

1   

f (x) =  1+ x cos 
0
d =  1 − x cos 
0
d 

g
0
() d =  g (  − ) d 
0 

2
 2f (x) =  1− x
0
2
cos2 
d

 
 
d 2
d 2
sec 2  d dt
f (x) =  =2  1 − x 2 cos2 
=2  1 + tan2  − x 2
=2 
0 1 − x cos  t + 1 − x2
2 2 2
0 0 0

1  −1 t  
=2  tan  =  f(x) =  sin–1 x + k
1− x 2
 1 − x 0 2
1 − x2


n 1
but f(0) =  cos   f(x) =  sin–1 x
0

 −2 2    –   
Range of f(x) =  ,   range of sin−1 x =  , 
 2 2   2 2  
f(x) is differentiable in the interior of its domain and f (x) = 0 has no solution.
Hence f(x) has no critical points.
f(x) =  sin–1 x, x  (–1, 1)
Applying Lagrange's theorem
f(1) − f( −1)
f (x) =
1 − ( −1)
 2 2 − 4
 =  x=±  (–1, 1)
1 − x2 2 
 There are two Lagrange's constant for f(x) in its domain.

(x + 1)(x + 2)
7. f(x) = , lim f(x) = 1  y = 1 is a horizontal symbol
(x − 1)(x − 2) x →
Also lim f(x) & lim f(x) approaches  or –, hence
x →1 x →2
x = 1 & x = 2 are vertical asymptotes
Hence number of asymptotes = 3

8.

9.

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