NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

NASIONALE SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT

GRADE/GRAAD 12

PHYSICAL SCIENCES / PHYSICS (P1)

FISIESE WETENSKAPPE: FISIKA (P1)

JUNE /JUNIE 2024

MARKING GUIDELINES/NASIENRIGLYNE

MARKS/PUNTE: 150

These marking guidelines consist of 16 pages.

Hierdie nasienriglyne bestaan uit 16 bladsye.
Physical Sciences P1/Fisiese WetenskappeV1 2 Limpopo DoE/June/Junie 2024
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QUESTION/VRAAG 1

1.1 A (2)

1.2 C (2)

1.3 C (2)

1.4 C (2)

1.5 C (2)

1.6 B (2)

1.7 B (2)

1.8 D (2)

1.9 A (2)

1.10 D (2)

[20]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 2

2.1 The (gravitational) force the Earth exerts on any object on or near its surface.
Die (gravitasie) krag wat die Aarde op enige voorwerp op of naby sy oppervlak
uitoefen. (2)

2.2 Weight is a vector quantity whereas mass is a scalar quantity.

Gewig is 'n vektorhoeveelheid terwyl massa 'n skalaar hoeveelheid is. (2)

2.3 Each particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a gravitational force
that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Elke deeltjie in die heelal trek elke ander deeltjie aan met 'n gravitasiekrag wat
direk eweredig is aan die produk van hul massas en omgekeerd eweredig aan die
kwadraat van die afstand tussen hulle. (2)

OR/OF:

Each body in the universe attracts every other body with a gravitational force that
is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to
the square of the distance between their centres.
Elke liggaam in die heelal trek elke ander liggaam aan met 'n gravitasiekrag wat
direk eweredig is aan die produk van hul massas en omgekeerd eweredig is aan
die kwadraat van die afstand tussen hul middelpunte. (2)

2.4 GmM
Fg(Earth/Aarde)= 2 = 945 N
r

GmMP
Fg(Planet/Planeet P) = 2 
RP
Gm(3M)
= 
(2R)2
3 GmM
=
4 r2
3
=(945) 4
= 708,75 Ndownwards/afwaarts.
(5)
[11]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 3

3.1 When you stop suddenly, your velocity changes rapidly, which means a large
acceleration of stopping. By Newton’s second Law, this means the force that
acts on you is also large – experiencing a large force is what hurts you.
Wanneer jy skielik stop, verander jou snelheid vinnig, wat 'n groot versnelling
beteken. Volgens Newton se tweede wet beteken dit dat, die krag wat op jou
inwerk ook groot is – om 'n groot krag te ervaar, is wat jou seermaak.

OR/OF:
∆p
Sudden stop implies shorter timeof contact with the ground. From Fnet = ∆t , for
the same ∆p, shorter ∆t means greater Fnet, hence greater injury.
∆𝑝
Om skielik te stop impliseer ‘n korter tydin kontak met die grond. Van Fnet = ∆𝑡 ,
vir dieselfde ∆p, beteken ‘n korter ∆t en ‘n groter Fnet, dus ‘n groter besering. (2)

3.2.1 The force that opposes the motion of a moving object relative to a surface. 
Die krag wat die beweging van 'n bewegende voorwerp, relatief tot 'n oppervlak,
teenwerk. (2)

3.2.2 fk =kN
fk =kmg
= (0,25)(6)(9,8)
= 14,70 N (3)

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3.2.3

N
Accepted labels/Aanvaarde etikette
N Normal force/Normaal krag/N/FN
 fk Kinetic friction / frictional force
F fk Kinetiese wrywing / wrywingskrag
F Frod on 6 kg block /Fstaaf op 6 kg blok
w w Fg/mg/weight/gravitational
force/FEarth on block
gewig/gravitasiekrag/FAarde op blok
Notes/Notas:
 Mark is awarded for label and arrow.
Punt word toegeken vir byskrif en pyltjie
 Do not penalize for length of arrows
Moenie vir die lengte van die pyltjies penaliseer nie
 Deduct 1 mark for any additional force.
Trek 1 punt af vir enige addisionele krag.
 If force(s) do not make contact with dot/body: 3/4
Indien die krag(te) nie kontak maak met die kol nie: 3/4
 If arrows missing:/ As pyle ontbreek: 3/4
(4)

3.2.4 When a non-zero net/resultant force on an object, the object will accelerate in the
direction of the net force at an acceleration that is directly proportional to the net
force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. 
Wanneer 'n nie-nul netto/resultante krag op 'n voorwerp inwerk, sal die voorwerp
versnel in die rigting van die netto krag teen 'n versnelling wat direk eweredig is
aan die netto krag en omgekeerd eweredig is aan die massa van die voorwerp. (2)

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3.2.5 For the 3 kg block:/Vir die 3 kg blok: For the 6 kg

block/
Take to the left as positive/Neem na links as positief Vir die 6 kg-blok:

Fnet = ma Fnet = ma
Fx + (-T) + (-f) = ma Any one/ Enige een T – f = ma
(160)(kos30°) - T -kN = 3ꞏa T – 14,70 = 6a
(160) (kos30°)-T -(0,25) [(3)(9,8) + 160 sin30°]= 3ꞏa T = 6ꞏa + 14,70
(160) (kos30°) - (6a + 14,70) - 27,35 = 3a
96,51406461 = 9a
a = 10,7238 mꞏs-2
a = 10,7238 mꞏs-2
T = 6(10,7238) + 14,70
= 79 0428 N
NB: Also consider to the right as positive!/Beskou ook regs as positief!
(7)
[20]

QUESTION/VRAAG 4

4.1 An object which has been given an initial velocity and then it moves under the
influence of the gravitational force only. 
’n Voorwerp waaraan ‘n beginsnelheid gegee is en wat dan slegs onder die
invloed van die gravitasiekrag beweeg. (2)

4.2.1 16 mꞏs-1 (1)

4.2.2 0,4 s (1)

In these calculations, also consider answers for downward positive!

In hierdie berekeninge, oorweeg ook antwoorde vir afwaarts positief!

4.3.1 OPTION/OPSIE 1: OPTION/OPSIE 2: OPTION/OPSIE 3:

8,62 + 10,26 v f  v i  a t 10,26 – x = x – 8,62

x= 
2 0 = 8 + (-9,8)∆t 10,26 + 8,62 = x + x
= 9,44 s ∆t = 0,8163265 s x = 9,44 s

x = 8,62 + 0,82
= 9,44 s (2)

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4.3.2 OPTION/OPSIE 1: OPTION/OPSIE 2:

Δy  v i Δt  21 at 2  v f  v i  2ay 
2 2

∆y = (16)(8,22) +
1
(9,8)(8,22)2 (-64,56)2= (16)2 + 2(-,8)∆y
2 ∆y =-199, 592 m
∆y =-199, 566 m
the height is 199, 566 m above the
the height is 199, 566 m above ground 
the ground die hoogte is 199, 592 m bo die grond
die hoogte is 199, 566 m bo die
grond

OPTION/OPSIE 3:
1
∆y = (vi + vf)∆t
2
1
= (16 + 1 – 64,56) (8,22) 
2
= -199, 582 m

the height is 199, 566 m above the ground 

die hoogte is 199, 592 m bo die grond (4)

4.3.3 OPTION/OPSIE 1: OPTION/OPSIE 2:

Height/Hoogte =
1
bh Δy  v i Δt  21 at 2 
2 1
1 ∆y = (8)(0,82) + (-9,8)(0,82)2
= (9,44 - 8,62)(8)  2
2 =3 265 m
= 3,28 m
the height is 3,28 m 
the height is 3,28 m 
die hoogte is 3,28 m
die hoogte is 3,28 m

OPTION/OPSIE 3: OPTION/OPSIE 4:
 v  vf   v f  v i  2ay 
2 2
Δy   i  Δt
 2  (0)2 = (8)2 + 2(-9,8)∆y
8+0
∆y =( 2 )(0,82) ∆y = 3,265 m
= 3,28 m
the height is 3,28 m die the height is 3,28 m 
hoogte is 3,28 m
die hoogte is 3,28 m
(3)

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4.3.4 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTIONS 4.32 and 4.3.3

POSITIEWE NASIEN VANUIT VRAE 4.32 en 4.3.3

Height of balloon above the ground after 9,44s

Hoogte van ballon bo die grond na 9,44 s: (5)
∆y = (16)(9,44) + 199 592
= 350 632 m
Distance apart/Afstand uitmekaar = 350 632– 3,28
= 347 352 m

4.4 Positive marking from Question 4.3.1 to Question 4.3.4

Positiewe nasien vanaf Vraag 4.3.1 tot Vraag 4.3.4

225,17
Position/Posisie (m)

199,57 

3,28

0 8,22 8,62 10,26 Time/Tyd (s)

Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria
• Correct shape
Korrekte vorm
• Height when the camera is dropped(199,6 m)
Hoogte wanneer die kamera laat val is
• Time when the camera strikes the ground (8,22 s)
Tyd wanneer die kamera die grond tref
• Time when the camera bounces (8,62 s)
Tyd wanneer die kamera bons/hop
• Total time of motion (10,26 s)
Totale tyd van beweging (5)
[23]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 5

5.1 A collection of two or more objects that interact with each other.
'n Versameling van twee of meer voorwerpe wat met mekaar in wisselwerking is.

OR/OF:
A small part of the universe that we are considering when solving a particular
problem.
'n Klein deel van die heelal wat ons inagneem wanneer ons 'n spesifieke
probleem oplos.

OR/OF:
Any object or group of objects that can be separated, in our minds, from the
surrounding environment.
Enige voorwerp of groep voorwerpe, wat in ons gedagtes, van die omliggende
omgewing geskei kan word.

OR/OF:
A collection of objects that can be identified.
'n Versameling voorwerpe wat geïdentifiseer kan word. (2)

5.2 The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant (is
conserved).
Die totale lineêre momentum van 'n geïsoleerde sisteem bly konstant (bly
behoue). (2)

5.3 Take to the right as positive /Neem na regs as positief:

∑ Pi = (mxvXi + myvYi)
= (m)(0) + (3m)(v)
= 3mv

∑ Pf = (mX + mY)vf
75
= (m + 3m)(100 v)
3
= (4m)(4 v)
= 3mv
the collision is in agreement with the principle of conservation of linear
momentum since ∑ PI = ∑ Pf
die botsing is in ooreenstemming met die beginsel van behoud van lineêre
momentum ∑ PI = ∑ Pf  (5)

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5.4 Inelastic/Onelasties
1
Ek = 2 mv2 
1 2 1 2
EK i = 2mxvxi + myvyi
2
1 1
= (m)(0)2 + (3m)v2 
2 2
3
= 2
mv2

1
EK f = 2(mx + my)vf2
1 3 2
= (m + 3m)(4 v) 
2
9
=8mv2
The collision is inelastic since EK i  EK f 
Die botsing is dus onelasties EK i  EKf
(5)
[14]

QUESTION/VRAAG 6

6.1 The total mechanical energy (sum of gravitational potential energy and kinetic
energy) in an isolated system remains constant.
Die totale meganiese energie (som van gravitasie potensiële energie en kinetiese
energie) in 'n geïsoleerde sisteem bly konstant. (2)

6.2 ∑ Emech at top/meg bo =∑ Emech at bottom/meg onder

Any one/Enige een
(EP + EK )top/bo =(EP + EK )bottom/onder
1 1
(mgh + 2 mv 2 ) = (mgh + 2 mv 2 )
top/bo /bottom/onder
1 2 1
(2,4)(9,8)(35) + 2 (2,4)(2,2) = (2,4)(9,8)(0) + 2 (2,4)(v2 ) 
829 008 = (1,2)v2
v2 = 690,84
v = 26 284 mꞏs-1
The speed is 26,284 mꞏs-1(26,284 mꞏs-1) (4)
Die spoed is 26,284 mꞏs-1  (26,284 mꞏs-1)

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6.3 OPTION/OPSIE 1:
Wnc = ∆Ek + ∆Ep
1
Wf = 2 m(vf2 − vi2 ) + mg(hf – hi) Any one/Enige een
1
=2 (2,4)(02 - 26,2842 )+ (2,4)(9,8)(0 – 0,20)
= -829,0183872 – 4,704
= -833,7224 J
The work done by the frictional force is -833,7224 J(-833,72 J)
Die werk verrig deur die wrywingskrag is -833,7224 J(-833,72 J)

OPTION/OPSIE 2:
Wnet = ∆Ek
1 1 Any one/Enige een
Wf + W w = 2 mv2f - 2 mv2i
1 1
Wf + mg∆ycos = 2 mv2f - 2 mv2i
1 1
Wf + (2,4)(0,20)(9,8)(cos 0°) = 2 (2,4)(0)2 – 2(2,4)(26,284)2
Wf + 4,704 = -829,0183872
Wf = -833,7224 J
The work done by the frictional force is -833,7224 J(-833,72 J)
Die werk verrig deur die wrywingskrag is -833,7224 J(-833,72 J)

OPTION/OPSIE 3:
Wnet = ∆Ek Any one/Enige een
1 2 1 2
Fnet∆cos = 2 mvf - 2 mvi
1 1
Fnet(0,20)(cos180°) = 2(2,4)(0)2 - 2(2,4)(26,284)2
Fnet(-0,20) = -829,0183872
Fnet = 4 145,091936
f + (-w) = Fnet
f – mg = Fnet
f – (2,4)(9,8) = 4 145,091936
f = 4 168,611936
Wf = f∆ycos
Wf = (4, 168, 611936)(0,20)(cos180°)
Wf = -833,7224 J
The work done by the frictional force is -833,7224 J(-833,72 J)
Die werk verrig deur die wrywingskrag is -833,7224 J(-833,72 J)
(4)
[10]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 7

7.1 A force for which the work done in moving an object between two points is
independent of the path taken.
'n Krag waarvan die arbeid verrig om 'n voorwerp tussen twee punte te beweeg,
onafhanklik is van die roete wat gevolg word. (2)

7.2 Non-conservative force/Nie-konserwatiewe krag.  (1)

7.3
Accepted labels/Aanvaarde etikette
N N Normal force/ FN/Fsurface on lawn mower
Normaal krag/ FN/F-oppervlak op grassnyer
fk  Electrostatic force / coulomb’s force
Elektrostatiese krag / coulomb se krag
FA Applied force/Fapplied /Toegepaste krag/Ftoegepas
Fk
● w Fg/mg/weight/gravitational force/FEarth on lawn mower
FA Fg/mg/gewig/gravitasiekrag/FEaarde op grassnyer
w
Notes/Notas:
 Mark is awarded for label and arrow.
Punt word toegeken vir byskrif en pyltjie
 Do not penalize for length of arrows
Moenie vir die lengte van die pyltjies penaliseer nie
 Deduct 1 mark for any additional force.
Trek 1 punt af vir enige addisionele krag.
 If force(s) do not make contact with dot/body: 3/4
Indien die krag(te) nie kontak maak met die kol nie: 3/4
 If arrows missing/As pyle ontbreek: 3/4

(4)

7.4 Normal force/Gravitational force/Normaal krag/Gravitasiekrag (1)

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7.5 Wnet = ∆EK Any one/Enige een

WN + W w + W F + WFA = EK f - EK i
0 + 0 + fꞏ∆xꞏcos+ WFA = 0 – 0
(35)(20)(cos 180°) + WFA = 0
-700 + WFA = 0
WFA = 700 J

W
P= 
∆t
700
= 
2,5 X 60
= 4,6667 W(4,67 W) (5)
[13]

QUESTION/VRAAG 8

8.1 The rate at which work is done or energy is expended\transferred.

(2)
Die tempo waarteen arbeid verrig word of energie verbruik\oorgedra word.

8.2 Work done/Werk verrig W = EP

W = mgh
W = (4500)(9,8)(100)
W = 4,41 x 106 J

W
P = ∆t
441 0000
2 300= 
∆t
∆t = 1 917, 391304 s
∆t = 31,96 min
(5)
[7]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 9

9.1.1 The apparent change in frequency (or pitch) of sound detected by the listener
because the sound source and the listener have different velocities relative to
the medium of sound propagation.
Die skynbare verandering in frekwensie (of toonhoogte) van die klank
waargeneem deur ‘n luisteraar, omdat die klankbron en die luisteraar,
verskillende snelhede relatief tot die medium waarin die klank voortgeplant
(2)
word, het.
9.1.2 flearner/leerder = 500,0 HZ
No relative motion between the learner and the train.
Geen relatiewe beweging tussen die leerder en die trein nie. (2)

9.1.3 v  vL
fL  fs 
v  vs

340 - 0
= (500,0)(340 + 10) 
340
= (500,0)( 350 )
= 485,7143 Hz

∆f = 500,0 – 485,71431
= 14,2857 Hz
14,2857
% ∆f = 100 x (5)
500,0
= 2,86 %

9.2 v  vL
fL  fs
v  vs
8,7 343 + 0
(fs + f) = ( ) fs
100 s 343 - vs
8,7 343 ꞏ fs
fs (1+ ) = 
100 343 - vs
343
fs (1 087) = 343 - v fs
s
(1 087)(343 – vs) = 343
343 – vs = 315,5474
343 – 315,5474 = vs
vs = 27,4526 mꞏs-1(27,45 mꞏs-1) (3)
[12]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 10

10.1.1 The magnitude of the electrostatic force exerted by one stationary point charge
(Q1) on another stationary point charge (Q2) is directly proportional to the
product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the
square of the distance (r) between them.
(2)
(if the word point is omitted, … square of the distance between their centers)
Die grootte van die elektrostatiese krag wat deur een stilstaande puntlading (Q1)
op 'n ander stilstaande puntlading (Q2) uitgeoefen word, is direk eweredig aan
die produk van die groottes van die ladings en omgekeerd eweredig aan die
kwadraat van die afstand (r) tussen hulle.
(as die woord punt weggelaat word, … kwadraat van die afstand tussen hul
middelpunte)
10.1.2
FE(AC)
FE(BC)

 Aanvaarde etikette
FE(BC) Electrostatic force / coulomb’s force
Elektrostatiese krag / coulomb se krag
FE(AC) Electrostatic force / coulomb’s force
Elektrostatiese krag / coulomb se krag
w/Fg w Fg/mg/weight/gravitational force
Fg/mg/gewig/gravitasiekrag
Notes/Notas:
 Mark is awarded for label and arrow.
Punt word toegeken vir byskrif en pyltjie
 Do not penalize for length of arrows
Moenie vir die lengte van die pyltjies penaliseer nie
 Deduct 1 mark for any additional force.
Trek 1 punt af vir enige addisionele krag.
 If force(s) do not make contact with dot/body: 2/3
Indien die krag(te) nie kontak maak met die kol nie: 2/3
 If arrows missing/As pyle ontbreek: 2/3 (3)

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10.1.3 Fnet, y = 0
g
FE(AC) + FE(BC) + = 0(FC )
KQ1 Q2
F= 2 
r
KQ C Q B KQ C Q A
2 + 2 – mg = 0
rBC rAC

(9 x 109 )(8 x 10-6 )(3 x 10-6 ) (9 x 109 )(8 x 10-6 )Q A

+ – (0,03)(9,8)= 0
(1,0)2 (1,5)2
0,216 + 32 000ꞏQA - 0,294 = 0
32 000ꞏQA = 0,078
QA = - 2,44 x 10-6 C(- 2 4375 x 10-6 C) (5)

10.2.1 The electrostatic force experienced per unit positive charge placed at that point.
 (2)
Die elektrostatiese krag ervaar per eenheid positiewe lading geplaas op daardie
punt.
10.2.2

 Shape
Vorm
> +  Direction
> Rigting
>

(2)
10.2.3 Q Q
n= or/of n = 
e qe
Q
3,2 x 1010 = 
-1,6 x 10-19
Q = -5,12 x 10-19 C

QM = -5,12 x 10-19 + 2,4 X 10-19

= -2,72 x 10-19 C

KQ
E = 2
r
(9 x 109 )(2,72 x 10-9 )
= 
(0,125)2
= 1 566,72 NꞏC-1 towards sphere M/na sfeer M (6)
[20]
Grand total/Groot totaal: [150]

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