CHEMISTRY

CHAPTER1
Chemical Reactions and Equations

1Mark CBSE Questions

Direction: Section-A: Questions are of one mark each. These questions comprise of Multiple Choice
Questions (MCQ), Very Short Answer (VSA) and Assertion-Reason Questions (ARQs). Answer to these
questions should be given in one word or one sentence.

Q1. Strong heating of ferrous sulphate leads to the formation of a brown solid and two gases. This
reaction can be categorised as: [CBSE 2020 (R) Set-1]
(a) Displacement and redox.
(b) Decomposition and redox.
(c) Displacement and endothermic.
(d) Decomposition and exothermic.
Sample Response (d) Decomposition and exothermic.

2Marks CBSE Questions

Q2. What is observed after about 1 hour of adding the strips of copper and aluminium separately to
ferrous sulphate solution filled in two beakers? Name the reaction if any change in colour is noticed. Also,
write chemical equation for the reaction. [CBSE 2020 (R) Set-2]
Sample Response (i) When copper strips are added to ferrous sulphate solution, there will be no change as
copper is less reactive than iron and hence it cannot displace iron from ferrous sulphate solution.
(ii) Aluminium being more reactive than iron displaces iron from ferrous sulphate solution.
2Al  s  + 3FeSO4  aq   Al2  SO4 3  aq   3Fe  s 
Aluminim Ferrous sulphate Aluminium sulphate
 green   colourless 
Observation: Green colour of ferrous sulphate solution gets decolourised due to displacement by aluminium.

Q3. A student wants to study a decomposition reaction by taking ferrous sulphate crystals. Write two
precautions he must observe while performing the experiment. [CBSE 2020 (R) Set-2]
Sample Response (i) Use hard boiling tube for heating the crystals.
(ii) Do not point the mouth of boiling tube at your neighbour or yourself.

Q4. What would you observe on adding zinc granules to freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution? Give
reason for your answer. [CBSE 2020 (R) Set-2]
Sample Response When zinc granules are added to ferrous sulphate solution, the zinc metal displaces
iron metal from its solution and it decolourises the solution.
This is because zinc is more reactive than iron.
Zn  s   FeSO4  aq   Fe  s   ZnSO4  aq 

Q5. What happens when 5% alkaline potassium permanganate solution is added drop by drop to warm
propyl alcohol (propanol) taken in a test tube? Explain with the help of a chemical equation.
[CBSE 2020 (R) Set-1]
Sample Response Oxidation reaction will occur when 5% of alkaline potassium permanganate is
added to the propanol. Purple colour of potassium permanganate will disappear as it oxidises the
propanol to its respective carboxylic acid i.e. propanoic acid.
CH CH CH OH 
3 2 2
O   CH CH COOH
3 2
Propanol  From potassium permanganate  Propanoic acid
Q6. Decomposition reactions require energy either in the form of heat or light or electricity for breaking
down the reactants. Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the
form of (i) heat and (ii) electricity. [CBSE 2019 (B) Set-4, CBSE 2018 (R)]
Sample Response (a) Decomposition involving use of heat:
FeSO4  s   Fe2O3  s   SO2  g   SO3  g 
Heat
(i)

CaCO3  s  CaO  s   CO2  g 

Heat
(ii)
(b) Decomposition by the use of light:
2 AgBr  s   2 Ag  s   Cl2  g 
Light
(i)

2 AgCl  s   2 Ag  s   Cl2  g 

Light
(ii)
(c) Decomposition by use of electricity
2H2O l  
 2H2  g   O2  g 
Electricity

Q7. What is observed when a solution of sodium sulphate is added to a solution of barium chloride taken
in a test tube? Write equation for the chemical reaction involved and name the type of reaction in this
case. [CBSE 2018 (R) Set-1]
Sample Response When a solution of sodium sulphate and barium chloride are mixed, then there is
exchange of ions and it results in the formation of sodium chloride and barium sulphate.
Na2 SO4 (aq)  BaCl2  aq   BaSO4  S  2 NaCl  aq 
Sodiuim Sulphate Barium chloride Barium Sulphate Sodium Chloride

3Marks CBSE Questions

Q8. On heating blue coloured powder of copper (II) nitrate in a boiling tube, black copper oxide, O 2 and a
brown gas X is formed. [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-2]
(a) Identify the type of reaction and the gas X.
(b) Write balance chemical equation of the reaction
(c) Write the pH range of aqueous solution of the gas X.
Sample Response (a) This is a decomposition reaction and the brown gas evolved is nitrogen
dioxide.
(b) 2Cu  NO3 2  s  Heat 2CuO  s   O2  g   4 NO 2  g 
(c) Nitrogen dioxide dissolves in water to form acidic solution because it is an oxide of non-metal.
Therefore, pH range of this solution will be less than 7.

Q9. Classify the following reactions into different types: [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-2]
(i) AgNO3  aq   NaCl  aq   AgCl  s   NaNO3  aq 
(ii) CaO  s   H 2O  l   Ca  OH 2  aq 
(iii) 2 KClO3  s   2KCl  aq   3O2  g 
(iv) Zn  CuSO4  ZnSO4  Cu
Sample Response (i) Double displacement reaction, precipitation reaction
(ii) Combination reaction
(iii) Thermal decomposition reaction
(iv) Displacement reaction.

Q10. Translate the following statement into a balanced chemical equation:

“Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and barium
sulphate.” [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-2]
Sample Response 3BaCl2  AL2  SO43  2 AlCl3  3BaSO4
Q11. When potassium iodide solution is added to a solution of lead (II) nitrate in a test tube, a
precipitate is formed. [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-2]
(a) What is the colour of this precipitate? Name the compound precipitated.
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
(c) List two types of reactions in which this reaction can be placed.
Sample Response (a) The colour of the precipitate is yellow. The compound precipitate is PbI2.
(b) Pb  NO3 2  2KI  PbI 2  2KNO3
(c) Double displacement reaction, precipitation reaction.

Q12. 2g of ferrous sulphate crystals are heated in a dry boiling tube. [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-2]
(a) List any two observations.
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction taking place.
(c) Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction and name the products formed.
Sample Response (a) (i) The colour of the ferrous sulphate crystals changes from green to white
then turn into brown due to formation of Fe 2O3.
(ii) Due to evolution of SO2, smell of burning sulphur is observed.
(b) Thermal decomposition reaction.
(c) 2 FeSO4  s  Heat Fe2O3  S   SO2  g   SO3  g  .
Ferrous oxide Sulphur dioxide Sulphur trioxide

Q13. You might have noted that when copper is heated in a china dish, the reddish brown
surface of copper powder becomes coated with a black substance. [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-2]
(a) Why has this black substance formed?
(b)What is this black substance?
(c) Write the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place.
(d) How can the black coating on the surface be turned reddish brown?
Sample Response16 (a) The black coloured substance is formed due to reaction of cu with air.
(b) The black substance is copper oxide.
(c) 2Cu  O2  2CuO
(d) When hydrogen gas is passed over the black coloured copper oxide then coating on its surface
turns brown.

Q14. 2g of silver chloride is taken in a china dish and the china dish is placed in sunlight for
sometimes. What will be your observation in this case? Write the chemical reaction involved in
the form of a balanced chemical equation. Identify the type of chemical reaction.
[CBSE 2019 (R) Set-3]
Sample Response The white silver chloride turns grey in sunlight. This is because silver chloride
decomposes to form silver and chlorine gas.
2 AgCl  s  Sunlight 2 Ag  s   Cl2  g 
It is a type of photodecomposition reaction.

Q15. Identify the type of reactions taking place in each of the following cases and write the
balanced chemical equation for the reactions. [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-3]
(a) Zinc reacts with silver nitrate to produce zinc nitrate and silver.
(b) Potassium iodide reacts with lead nitrate to produce potassium nitrate and lead iodide.
Sample Response (a) It is a type of displacement reaction
Zn  s   2 AgNO3  aq   Zn  NO3 2  aq   2 Ag  s 
(b) It is a type of double displacement reaction
2 KI  aq   Pb  NO3 2  aq   2KNO3  aq   PbI 2  S  
yellow precipitate
16. A shining metal ‘M’ on burning gives a dazzling white flame and changes to a white powder
‘N’. [CBSE 2020 (R) Set-1]
(a) Identify ‘M’ and ‘N’.
(b) Represent the above reaction in the form of a balanced chemical equation.
(c) Does ‘M’ undergo oxidation or reduction in this reaction? Justify
Sample Response (a) M is magnesium and N is magnesium oxide.
(b) 2Mg  s   O2  2MgO
White powder

(c) Mg is getting oxidised in this reaction, since oxygen is added to it in the reaction.

Q17. In an industrial process used for the manufacture of sodium hydroxide, a gas ‘A’ is formed
as a by-product. The gas ‘A’ reacts with lime water to give a compound ‘B’ which is used as a
bleaching agent in the chemical industry. Identify ‘A’ and ‘B’. Also give the chemical equations
of the reactions involved. [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-3]
Sample Response Gas A is chlorine(Cl2) and compound B is bleaching powder(CaOCl 2).
(i ) 2 NaCl  aq   2 H 2O  l   2 NaOH  aq   Cl2  g   H 2  g 
A ( Chlorine )

(ii ) Cl2  g   Ca  OH 2  aq   CaOCl2  aq   H 2O  l 

B  Bleaching powder 

Q18. (a) In the following reaction: [CBSE 2019 (C) Set-1]

MnO2  4HCl  MnCl2  2H 2 O  Cl2
Identify the oxidant and reductant.
(b) Give reasons:
(i) Antioxidants are added to foods containing fats and oils.
(ii) White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.
Sample Response (a) Here MnO2 is being reduced and HCl is being oxidised.
(b) (i) Antioxidants are added to the foods that contain unsaturated fats to make them last longer and
prevent them from turning rancid.
(ii) The white silver chloride turns grey in sunlight. This is because silver chloride decomposes to
form silver and chlorine gas.

Q19. (a) Silver articles generally turn black when kept in the open for a few days. The articles
when rubbed with tooth-paste again start shining. [CBSE 2019 (C) Set-2]
(i) Why do silver articles turn black when kept in the open for a few days? Name the
phenomenon involved.
(ii) Name the black substance formed and give its chemical formula.
(b) Write the formulae of (i) calcium phosphate and (ii) ammonium carbonate.
Sample Response (a) (i) Silver metal develops a black layer of silver sulphide and reacts with
hydrogen sulphide present in atmosphere.
Ag  H 2 S  Ag2 S  H 2
The phenomenon involved is corrosion of silver metal.
(ii) The black substance formed is silver sulphide. Its chemical formula is Ag 2 S .
(b) (i) Ca3  PO4 2 (ii)  NH4 2 CO3

Q20. A solution of copper sulphate was kept in an iron pot. After few days the iron pot was
found to have a number of holes in it. Explain the reason in terms of reactivity. Also write the
chemical equation of the reaction involved. [CBSE 2019 (C) Set-3]
Sample Response When a solution of copper sulphate is kept in an iron pot then after few days a
number of holes appear in the pot, this is because iron being more reactive then copper displaces
copper from its solution.Hence iron becomes ferrous sulphate after the reaction and due to this holes
appear in the pot.
Fe  CuSO4  FeSO4  Cu

Q21. What is an oxidising agent? What happens when an oxidising agent is added to propanol?
Explain with the help of a chemical equation. [CBSE 2016 (R) Set-2]
Sample Response An oxidising agent is that which either adds oxygen to or adds electrons to other
substances. For example: alkaline KMnO4 , acidified K 2Cr2O7 .
When an oxidising agent is added to the propanol then an oxidation reaction takes place and
propanoic acid is formed as a product.
CH3CH 2CH 2OH  O  CH3CH 2COOH

Q22. Identify the type of each of the following reactions stating reason for your answers:
[CBSE 2020 (R) Set-1]
(a) Fe2O3 + 2Al  Al2O3 + 2Fe + heat
(b) Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI  PbI2 + 2KNO3
ZnCO3 
heat
ZnO + CO 2
(c)

Sample Response(a) This reaction is a type of exothermic reaction since this reaction take place
with the evolution of heat.
(b) This is a type of double displacement reaction since it involves exchange of ions between the
reactants.
(c) This is a type of decomposition reaction since a single reactant is being decomposed to give
simpler products.

5Marks CBSE Questions

Q22. (a) What is a double displacement reaction? Explain with an example.

(b) A small amount of quick lime is added to water in a beaker.
(i) Name and define the type of reaction that has taken place.
(ii) Write balanced chemical equation for the above reaction and the chemical name of the
product formed.
(iii) List two main observations of this reaction. [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-2]
Sample Response (a) In double displacement reaction, two compounds react by exchanging their
ions and two new compounds are formed.
For example, silver nitrate and sodium chloride reacts by exchanging their ions, NO3-and Cl-
respectively and form two new compounds in the following reaction.
AgNO3  aq   NaCl  aq   AgCl  s  NaNO3  aq 
White ppt.

(b) (i) Combination reaction: The reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a single
product is known as combination reaction.
(ii) The product formed is slaked lime which has a chemical formula Ca (OH)2.
CaO  S   H 2O  l   Ca  OH 2  aq 
Calcium oxide water Slaked lime Calcium hydroxide 

(iii) Following are the two observations

1. Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to form slaked lime.
2. The container becomes hot because a large amount of heat is released during this reaction.

Q23. (a) Design an activity to demonstrate the decomposition reaction of lead nitrate.
(b) Draw labelled diagram of the experimental set-up. List two main observations.
(c) Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction stating the physical state of the reactant
and the products. [CBSE 2019 (R) Set-2]
Sample Response (a) Activity:
(i) Take a boiling tube and put 3g lead nitrate powder in it.
 (ii) Hold the boiling tube carefully with a pair of tongs.
(iii) Now heat the tube over flame.
(b) Include figure no. 1.5 of decomposition reaction set up of lead nitrate given on page no. (08) in
NCERT textbook. [AQs]
Observations:
(i) Brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide gas is formed.
(ii) Lead oxide, a yellow compound is formed.
(c) 2 Pb  NO3 2  s  Heat 2 PbO  s  4 NO2  g   O2  g 
Lead nitrate Lead oxide Nitrogen dioxide Oxygen
Yellow