ATOMIC ENERGY EDUCATION SOCIETY
MONTH : June
CLASS : Eight
SUBJECT : Mathematics
TOPIC
Data Handling
MODULE: 1/5
PREPARED BY
S.Anitha
TGT
AECS-1 Kalpakkam
INDEX
1. Data and important terms
2. Graphical representation of data.
a) Pictograph
b) Bar graph
c) Double bar graph
The word data means information. Data is usually
collected in the context of a situation that we want to
study.
EXAMPLES :
1. Runs made by a batsman in the last 10 test matches.
2. Number of story books read by each of your friends.
Data mostly available to us in an
unorganized form is called raw data.
Arranging data in an order to study their
salient features is called presentation of
data.
Organising data
• Suppose there are 20 employees in an office.
They were asked how many children they have.
The results were:
1,2,3,1,0,2,2,0,1,2,2,1,3,0,0,1,1,0,3,1
• Each entry in the above list is a numerical fact
called an observation and the collection of these
observations is the Raw data.
• When this data is arranged in ascending or
descending order ,then the data arranged is
called Data array or arrayed data.
Organising data
• The presentation of the data as arrayed data
gives much more information
• Arrayed data
0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3
• Highest value = 3 and lowest value =0. So, their
difference is 3 i.e Range is 3
• The Range is the difference between the lowest
and highest values.
• Example: In {4, 6, 9, 3, 7} the lowest value is 3,
and the highest is 9. So the range is 9 − 3 = 6.
• Data can be visualized using graphs
• Data is represented graphically to give a clear
idea of what it represents.
• The different types of graphs are:
1. Pictograph
2. Bar graph
3. Double bar graph
4. Histogram
5. Pie chart
PICTOGRAPH
• Pictorial representation of data using
symbols is a Pictograph
Answer:
i) Cars produced in
the month of July =
100 + 100 + 50 = 250
ii) Maximum number of
cars were produced
in the month of
September i.e
100+100 +100 +100
= 400
Q1.Name the tree which
is maximum?
A) Guava tree
Q2. By how much is
Peach tree more
than Pear tree?
A) 20
Q3. Find the total
number of trees?
A) 140 trees
BAR GRAPHS
• A bar graph is a pictorial
representation of data in which
rectangular bars of uniform
width are drawn with equal
spacing between them on one
axis, usually the x axis.
• The value of the variable is
shown on the other axis that is
the y axis.
• Bar heights give the quantity
for each category.
Read the above bar graph and answer the questions given .
(i)What is the information given by the bar graph?
Ans- The bar graph is representing the number of students in class 8
during academic years.
(ii) In which year is the increase in the number of students
maximum?
Ans- The increase in number of students is maximum in year 2004-05
because increase in 2004-05 is 200-100 =100.
(iii) In which year is the number of students maximum?
Ans- In 2007-08 the number of students is maximum i.e. 350.
(iv) State whether true or false:‘The number of students during 2005-
06 is twice that of 2003-04”.
Ans- False.
Draw an appropriate bar graph to
represent the given information
FRUITS QUANTIT
Y IN Kg
Apple 35
orange 30
banana 10
kiwi 25
Blue berry 40
grapes 5
DOUBLE BAR GRAPHS
• Double bar graph
shows two sets of
data simultaneously
• It is useful for the
comparison of data
Read the above double bar graph and answer the questions given
(i) What is the information given by the double bar graph?
Ans- The double bar graph represents the marks obtained by a
student in different subjects during 2005-06 and 2006-07.
(ii) In which subject has the performance improved the most?
Ans- The performance has improved in Maths the most.
(iii) In which subject has the performance deteriorated?
Ans- The performance has deteriorated in English.
(iv) In which subject is the performance at par?
Ans- The performance in Hindi is at par.
Draw an appropriate graph to represent the
information in the table showing the number of
pets owned by students in two classes.
ASSIGNMENT
Q1. Read the pictograph and answer
the question.
a) How many flowers were
produced in the month
of January?
b) In which month were
maximum number of
flowers produced?
c) Find the total number of
flowers produced in the
month of May if its
produce is 6 more than
twice that of March?
Q2. Read the Bar graph and
answer the question.
a)What is the information
given by the bar graph?
b) In which Helmet type
were the Motorcyclists
maximum?
c) State whether true or
false:‘The number of
Motorcyclists using
Proper Helmet is twice
that of Insufficient
Helmet?’
Q3. Read the Double Bar graph
and answer the question.
a)What is the information
given by the double bar
graph?
b) In which sports is the
difference maximum ,in
their interest level ?
c) Name the sport in which
both the boys and the
girls are equally
interested?
Q4. Draw a bar graph to
represent the given information
Q5. Draw a double bar graph to
represent the given information
Q6, Q7 and Q8 are Try These in page 71 of
class8 NCERT Textbook.
