OL What i computer? =~ Ans: A computer is an electronics device that receives input from the user and processes these dala, stores and provides output in a useful format. 2, Who is the father of computer? < 1 Ans: Englishman Charles Babbage was the first person who gave the idea of modem computer. The name of his proposed machine was “Analytical Engine “, The Modern computer is the next to Babbage’s’ Analytical fngine” for this reason Charles Babbage is called father of computer. 3, What is computer generation? i Ans: The development of computers has been divided into five periods. This period are known as generation of computer. “There is five generation of computer. They are; — 1. First generation of computer 2. Second generation of computer 3. Third generation of computer 4. Fourth generation of computer Ge 5. Fifth generation of comput 4. Write the characteristics of first g¢neration computers. ] ‘Ans: The characteristics of first generation computers; 1. Use of vacuum abe, Input and,outpy nch card. wo Huge sound. : 4. High temperature. wn Ex: IBM, INIVAC-1 ete,5. Write the characteristics of second generation computers. Ans: The characteristics of second generation computers; 1, 25 3. Use of transistor. Use of magnetic core memory. Small in size. . Faster than first generation computers. . Ex: IBM1400, IBM1600 ete, X 6. Write the characteristics of third generation computers. Ans: The characteristics of third generation computers; a b. 6 Use Intergraded circuit (IC). Use semi conductor memory. . Use video display unit and line printer for output. . Use high level language. . Ex: IBM PC, HP 300 etc. r 7. Write the characteristics of fourth generation computers. Ans: The characteristics of fourth generation computers; Ls Use of very large scale integration chip (VLSI). 2. Microprocessor and microcomputer. 3, Multimedia, multiprocessing operating system, 4. Multimedia input and output device.6, Write the characteristics of fifth generation computers. & Z Ans: The characteristics of fifth generation computers; I. Natural language programming. IL. . Artificial intelligence. UI. Able to recognize human voice. TV. Use robotic technology. V. High speed VI. Large storage capacity. 2K Ar Write the characteristics of a Computer. Ans: Automatic: Computer is an automatic machine. Accuracy: A computer can give the result accurately . pf Pt Diligence: A computer can work for hours without any break. 18), Versailty: A computer can work many tasks at the same time, at, Speed: A computer is a very first device. Storage: A computer can store data. Processing: A computer can process the given instructions. No fe A computer hes no feeling, no emotion and no IQ. ¥| *K 19Avrite the basic functions of a computer. Ans: There are five basic functions of a computer. These are; I. Accept data by input device. I. Stored data by memory unit Ii. Processing data in CPU IV. — Given result by output device. V. Processing data mathematically or logically. {1. Write the Classification of Computer. a a An: According to use; a) General purpose computer b) Special purpose computer According to technology of work; a) Analog computer b) Digital computer c) Hybrid computer According to size and speed; a) Super computer b) Mini computer c) Mainframe computer ~ @) Micro computer & Types of Micro computer. . a) Desktop computer b) Laptop computer c) Palmtop computer12. What is Super computer? Ang: A Super compu 2 Con particularly speed of calculation, at that led the world in terms of processing capacity, ¢ time of its introduction. The term “Supercomputing” was first used by New York World newspaper in 1920 to refer to large custom built tabulators IBM made for Columbia University. Ex: CRAY 1, Cyber-205 ete. 13. What is Mainframe computer? Ans: A very ne orting hundreds or even thousands, of users e computer cap mputers. in some ways, mainframes are more powerful than supercomputers because they support more simultaneous programs, 14, What is Minicomputer? s size is smaller than mainframes, used as printing web, file, mail etc, rocessor is called micro computer. The micro ‘al computer or PC. The micro computers for PC are small in d office Ex: Desktop, Laptop, Notebook ete. © & 16, What is analog computer? Ans: Anal not reliable. fee wren ‘ic power. It is slower and Ex: Speedometer, Slide role, Operational amplifier etc.Me 17. What is digital computer? X Ans: Digital computer is a computer which is depends on binary signal (0, 1). It is faster and very reliable. Ex: Super computer, PC ete x ite the application of computer in Educ: i. Online study. ii, Online exam iii, Online degree iv. Online result vy. Audio-visual learning vi. Making thesis papers a vii. Institute management viii. Teacher and staff database ix. Training and education presentation. 18, Write the application of computer in Medical Science. Ans: i, Storage of patient data and health information. ii, Using computers in surgical procedures. iii. Using computer technology in diagnostic tests. iv. Communication between medical practitioners and patients, knowledge sharing : between doctors.Ass: Uses 19. Discuss use of computer in our society. rey omputer > Computers at home: Computer games, Working from home, Banking from home; Connecting to the web etc, » Computer in business: Keeping records of daily sales and profits, used to prepare materials to promote the iB ip p products etc. > Computers in Engineering: Engineer use computers to create the design of a complex object using a computer program for computer Aided Drafting. Ww Computers in Government: Computers are used to keep records of the people that the government servers. Vv Computers in Schooi: To store database of teacher, students and staffs, creating result sheet, making presentations ete. > Computers in Science: Com are used in science to te experiments. 20. What is the glement of computer system? aK siguentet ‘Ans: There are some elements of a computer system: a) Hardware ») Software c) Data User. 2. Ble riety421, What is hardware? J Ans: The physical components which we can see, touch and feel in the computer system are called hardware. Computer hardware refers to the physical components that make a computer system. Ex: Monitor, mouse, keyboard etc é- 22, Make a list of computer hardware. Ans: Computer hardware components A typical PC system is made up of: I, Monitor TL, Keyboard I. Mouse IV. — Printer VY. Speaker VI. Modem The central components of the system unit: a) Motherboard b) Processor c) RAM d) Power supply unit e) Hard disk f) Sound card g) CD-ROM h) Heat sink i) Cooling fan Hf*& ‘23; What is Software? of software. i 24) Write the classificat Ans: Software is three types. They are: I. System software Appli Til. Programming language software. 25. Define System software, Application software, Programming language software. Ans: System soft System sottware is a set of programs that control the operations of a computer and devices attached, It make interface between hardware and user in a computer system. software consists of program that tells a computer how terface between user and system software in a computer to produce information. Jt mak system. = Pro: software includes tools in the form of programs or applications that software | developers use to create, debug, maintain or otherwise support other programs and applications.BEX 26. Write the difference between -“ =~ ardware and software. ve Hardware | Software Hardware is the physical components of a | Software is a type Of code or instructions. _computer system. | “The visible part of computer. ~The visible part of computer but not | _ touchable. | ~__| We can only see. z [Tt is expensive’ - Itis cheap. | ” /' Ex. Keybogrd, Monitor, Mouse ete. __ Ex. MS-word, MS-excel ete. | ¢ (Hardware cannot eae software. | Software control by hardware. | 27. What is Operating system? Write the function of operating system. Ans: Operating system: An operating system is an organized collection of programs that controls the overall operations of a computer. Ex. Windows2007, Windows98, Windows2003, Linux etc. Function of operating system: ¢ The main function of operating system is management input and output devices. e Management primary and secondary memory e Communication managem. e Take user instruction and solve them. e Secure the stored data on the memory. © = To open and useable the computer, © Automatic transition from job to job. © User interface. 28, What is input device? * Ans: Any hardware component user is known as input device. is used to enter input in computer system from the Ex. Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner etc. Fe 1% Ae29, Whet is Output device? 3 ) Ans: Any hardware component v known as output device. Ex, Monit®y2uinter gice” : hive KE 30. Write the name of five input andioutput devices, ‘h is used to get output from a computer system is Input device: * a) Keyboard if) Mouse iii) Scanner iv) Digital camera v) joysticks Output devices: i) Monitor ii) Printer iii) Speaker iv) Plotter V) Projector. 31. Draw a block diagram to illustrate the basic organization of computer system and explain the function of various units. ALY Arithmetic logic. ps : Ans: Output unit i aiiaedon caren: Lansnsaanen LN Figure: Block diagram of a computer -A computer has five parts. These are; 1. Input unit 2. Arithmetic logic unit(ALU)Input unit: This is the process o* entering data and programs in to the computer system. Arithmetic logic unit(ALU): The actual processing of the data and instructions are performed by arithmetic logic unit, The major operations performed by the ALU are addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and logic, Control unit: This unit controls the all activities of computer. At first it takes an instruction from input device and send: in order to solve it. After solve the problem or provides result it sends to memory unit or output device. Memory unit: The main function of memory unit is to stored data, instruction and programs temporary ot permanently. All data and instructions are stored here before and after processing, Qutput unit: This is the process of producing results from the data for getting useful information. By this unit we g esult from the computer system. 32. What is CPU? Ans: CPU means Central Processing unit. The ALU and the CU of a computer system are jointly known as CPU. it is just like a brain that takes all major decisions, makes all sorts of calculations and directs different parts of the computer functions by activating and controlling the operations. 33. Define Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, Printer, and Scanner. Ans: Keyboard: Keyboard is the most common input device in a computer system. It allows data entry into a computer system by pressing a set of keys, which are mounted ona keyboard. A keyboard have different types of key, like Alphabetic keys, Numeric keys, Special purpose key, Function keys ete. . Mouse: A mouse is a small device that a computer user pushes across a desk surface in order to a place ona display screen and to select one or more actions tetake ffOarthis position. ‘Monitor: The monitor is an output device that displays the video snd graphics infagmatior generated by the computer through the video card. Printer printer isan output devic and tran! accepts text and graphics output pp acomputer the information to paper.Scanner: Scanner is en input device, which translate paper documents into electronic format to store it as a soft copy in a computer. The input documents may be typed text, picture of other material w many types is is three types; a. Dot-Matrix printer b. Laser pri c. Inkjet printer 35. How many types is monitor? og Ans: Monitor is three types; a a.Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor b. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitor c.Light Emitting Diode (LED) monitor 36, What is [T? Information. technology: The technology that is used to collect data from different sources, store data is necessary, update data and send it to others is called Information Se Technology. e 37. What is ICT? " x Information and Communication technology: Information and Communication technology usually abbreviated as ICT. ICT consists as IT as well as telecommunication, broadcast media, all types of audio and video processing and transmission and network based control and monitoring function< Golden Life Nursing Institute Collagepara, Sadar, Thakurgaon Subject: Interdiction to Computer hat is memory? Ans: Memory is the process which information is encoded stored and retrieved computer device is capable storing data permanently or temporalis. Pityoes of memory? : r Ans: There are two types of memory. a) Primary memory 2! . b) Secondary memory What is primary memory? Ans: To store something temporarily in computer is called primary memory. ~~ Primary memory is direct access by CPU. EX: , ROM, Cache memory. M caine secondary memory? Ans: To store something permanently in computer is called secondary memory. : It is called accessory memory in a computer. EX: Hard d disk, Floppy disk, DVD, CD-ROM etc. 5. What is RAM? ae Ans: is types of primary memory storage used in computers that is generally located on the mother board. This type of memory is volatile and all informed is that was stored in RAM is when the computer is turned off. 6. What is Rom? (It is non-volatile memory) Ans: Rom is a types of secondary storage medium that permanently store data on pe’s. It contains the programing needed to start pc which is essential for booted.f 7. What is cache memory? Ans: The speed of CPU is extremely high compared to the access of main mem small memory chip isattaché betweenCPU and main memory whose access time is close to processing speed of CPU. It is called cache memory. \oMrite the different between primary and secondary memory. Ans: Primary memory Secondary Memory 1. To store something temporally is called primary memory. It is direct access by CPU. : 1. To store some permanently in computer is culled. Secondary memory. It is aesso memory in a computer. 2. The primary memory devices are semiconductor memory. 2. The secondary memory devices are magnetic and optical memory. 3. The primary are categorized as volatile and non-volatile 3. The secondary memory are always non- volatile 4. Primary memory is known as main ymemory 4. The secondary memory is additional memory 5. Primary memory is temporary 5. Secondary memory is permanent. 6. Ex., RAM, ROM, cache memory yMrite the different between RAM and ROM. 6. Ex: Hard disk floppy disked.. Ans: / RAM ROM 1. RAM means Random Access memory 1. ROM means Read only memory {2-This memory can read and write. 2. This memory only rpad At is power dependent memory 3. It is not power dependent memory changed we. The stored data in a RAM can bevd The stored data is a Rom cannot be changed \X&- Performance of computer depend on RAM. 5. Performance of a computer does not depend on ROM. 10. What is secondary storage device? Ans: Hard disk: A hard disk is a mass storage device that is typically connected to computers. Hard disk is a type of secondary memory. It is verity in size. Floppy disk: A floppy disk is a random access removable data storage medium that can be used with personal computer. It is a type of secondary storage.yr ZA LA. What is bit and byte? \Y Ans:Bit: Bit is the basicunit of information storage. Bit comes from the word briary digit O and 1 is separately one bit. Byte: Byte is a character or word cumbering more than one bit. Byte is the basic unit of binary system 1 byte consists of & bits. Nytovnat is memory capacity? Ans: The number of byte in memory is called capacity. It is denoted by byte kilobyte megabyte. Gigabyte, Terabyte etc. L byte = 8 bits, 1 kilobyte = 1024 byte, Imegabyte = 1024 kilobyte 1 Gigabyte = 1024 megabytes, 1 Terabyte = 1024 gigabytes low many bytes are equal to 1 mg? Ans: 1 megabyte = 1024 kilobyte = (1024* 1024) bytes iA V = 1048576 bytes — esting Ans: A computer network is telccommunications network that allows computers to exchange data. In computer network networked computer devices pass data to each other along data connection. _ 2A of network? YY Ans: of \6n line communication Bo v& Software sharing a v v& Product promotion = Ww wW/Feedback about product Aw .¥/Customer support service WW . snline shopping X v ‘ Worldwide video Conferencing. Yo 45 f/Advantage of network? Ans: Data sharing \2Resource sharing \3-Centralized software management \4-Communication medium - Data security and management. Ui Disadvantage of network. Ans: 7 Expensive to install \2/Decrease data severity \8 oe There will be appeared a dialer box 3. Giveafilename ive odie nse 4. Click save baton S' \paton , alice “Gove ‘ 15. How to open any file in MS word? Ans: procedures of open any file 1. Click office button 2. Click open There will be appeared a dialog box 3. Give a file name 4. Clik open button.oe + MS- Word - Word Processing Program MS -excel — Spread sheet Analysis Program MS-Access — Database Program MS — Power point — Presentation Software Number system 1. What is number system? ‘Ans: A set of values used to represent different quantities is known as number system 2. Classification of number system. Ye Ans: There are four kinds of number system oe Ss There are: ” 1. Binary 2. Decimal 3. 4, Hexa decimal oF Binary: Base — (2), number (0,1) expel: (1010), , (0000). (1111)2 Octal: Base — (8), number (0-———~ T)EX: (723) (111s ve Decimal ; Base — (10), number (0-----9) Ex: (23710 Hexadecimal: Base (16), number (0 ---9) (A ~ F) EX: A=10, B = 11 c= 12, D= 13, E=14, F= 15 3. Convent Briary number into Decimal. 1) 100110 C4 3 = (1x 2) + (0% 24) + (0 x29) + (1x 2) + (1 x 2) +02) = (1x 32)+0+04+(1 x4) + (1x2) +0 A160 3 On \ [+0 =324+442 @eorw? SUNY =38 (100110) 8). are 9 ¢ 4, Convert decimal number into binary? . C80 2 =6 213Internet 1. E-mail Ans: Full meaning ofe-mail is electronic mail. By the system of computer networking’ different types of data transmission method used. This data transmission types are calles e-mail or mail. 2 Procedures of send an E-mail. Ans: Primary step for sending e-mail ke At first active the internet connection Open the browser software 3. Type e-mail website address }. Type user name Type password . Click sign in . Compose mail. . Then type receiver mail . Type subject of e-mail 10, Attached file 11.Click send wparauns 3. Procedures of resave on E-mail? Ans: The primary step for receiving e-mil . At first active the internet connection . Open the browser software . Type e-mail website address Type user name . Type password . Click sign in . 7. View download the mail. AuUpwne 4. What is internet? Ans: The meaning of internet is inter connected network when multiple of computer connected with each other by cable modem satellite etc is called network and the world wide network is internet. The seeds of internet were planted in 1969.