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This document provides an assignment question involving the analysis of a water reticulation system using the Hardy-Cross method. It includes a diagram of the system, lists the elevation and flow rates of different nodes, and provides the steps to solve for the flow rates through each pipe and the head of pressure at one node. The solution shows the tabulated calculations over multiple trials until the flow rates converge to a final value.

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Harith Mukhlis
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6 views

Assign 233 Solution

This document provides an assignment question involving the analysis of a water reticulation system using the Hardy-Cross method. It includes a diagram of the system, lists the elevation and flow rates of different nodes, and provides the steps to solve for the flow rates through each pipe and the head of pressure at one node. The solution shows the tabulated calculations over multiple trials until the flow rates converge to a final value.

Uploaded by

Harith Mukhlis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

BFC 35303 Water System Design and Management

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment


Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

ASSIGNMENT NO. 3
Semester I Session 2022/2023
Due: 11 November 2022 (Friday)

Q1 In a water supply reticulation system, flow of water will be supplied through a network
as shown in Figure Q1. Elevation of node A from mean sea level is 61 m with head of
pressure at 45.72 m. Meanwhile, node D is at elevation of 30.5 m. Using Hardy-Cross
method and Hazen-William coefficient of 135, determine:

(a) Rate of flow through each pipe


(b) Head of pressure at node D.

0.3 m3/s
B

0.5 m3/s Friction factor f = 0.0025


A in all pipes

D
C 700 m - ∅500 mm 0.6 m3/s
0.2 m3/s
Figure Q1

Useful steps (tabulate all your answers):


i. Assume Q in each pipe, and ensure ΣQ = 0 at each intersection.
1.85
10.67 L Q
ii. Determine hf for each pipe using Hazen-William hf = 1.85 4.87 .
CH d
iii. Label each closed loop pipe network.
iv. Determine Σhf for each loop of pipes.
1.85hf
v. Determine �Σ � �� for each loop of pipes (absolute value).
Q
Σhf
vi. Determine correction value δQ = − 1.85h
�� f ��
Q
vii. Determine new rate of flow Q’ = Q + δQ
viii. Repeat all the above until δQ ≈ 0.

1/3
Solution:

(a) 0.3 m3/s


B

1st Trial Q:
0.5 m3/s
A I
II
D
C 0.6 m3/s
[2] 0.3 m3/s
0.2 m3/s

Tabulated calculations on last page.

Note: Do ask your lecturer for further explanation.


- Label of pipe is based on direction of flow assumed.
- Flow in clockwise direction is considered positive, vice versa.
- Shared pipe between loops, e.g. pipe BC has the same characteristics. Direction of Q depends
on loop analyzed.
- In calculation of hf, direction of Q is retained, and not calculated in equation.
- For shared pipe between loops, net dQ For both loops need to be obtained.

0.3 m3/s
B

Final Q:
0.5 m3/s
A I

[2] II
D
C 0.6 m3/s
0.5203 m3/s
3
0.2 m /s

(b) Pressure head at A = 61 + 45.72 = 106.72 m from mean sea level

Considering line ABD, hf = 0.0993 + 10.193 = 10.29 m


Thus, pressure head at D = 106.72 – 10.29 = 96.43 m from mean sea level
Pressure head of D = 96.43 – 30.5 = 65.93 m [3]

Or

If line ACD is considered, hf = 1.914 + 7.411 = 9.325 m


Thus, pressure head at D = 106.72 – 9.325 = 97.40 m from mean sea level
Pressure head of D = 97.40 – 30.5 = 66.90 m
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L k= Trial 1 Trial 2
Loop Pipe d (m) 1.85 4.87
(m) 10.67L/(CH d ) Q1 (m /s) hf = kQ (m) 1.85hf/Q1
3 1.85
δQ1 (m3/s) 3
Q2 (m /s) 1.85
hf = kQ (m) 1.85hf/Q2 δQ2 (m3/s)
AB 1000 0.5 35.73 0.3 3.852 23.76 -0.1500 0.1500 1.069 13.18 -0.1076
AC 1200 0.75 5.95 -0.2 -0.303 2.804 -0.1500 -0.3500 -0.853 4.51 -0.1076
1 BC 1500 0.5 53.60 0.3 5.779 35.64 -0.0105 0.2895 5.410 34.57 -0.0549
Σhf =9.328 Σ= 62.20 Σhf =5.625 Σ=52.26
[3]
δQ1 = -0.1500 [3] δQ2 = -0.1076 [3]
BC 1500 0.5 53.60 -0.3 -5.779 35.64 0.0105 -0.2895 -5.410 34.57 0.0549
BD 1000 0.25 1044.9 0.3 112.7 694.7 -0.1395 0.1605 35.429 408.30 -0.0527
2 CD 700 0.5 25.01 -0.3 -2.697 16.63 -0.1395 -0.4395 -5.465 23.01 -0.0527
Σhf =104.2 Σ= 747.0 Σhf =24.554 Σ=465.87
δQ1 = -0.1395 [3] δQ2 = -0.0527 [3]

Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5 QFinal (m3/s)


Loop Q3 δQ3 Q4 Q5 hf = kQ1.85 δQ5
hf = kQ1.85 (m) 1.85hf/Q3 hf = kQ1.85 (m) 1.85hf/Q4 δQ4 (m3/s) 1.85hf/Q
(m3/s) 3
(m /s) (m3/s) (m3/s) (m) (m3/s)
0.0424 0.103 4.50 -0.0606 -0.0182 -0.022 2.19 -0.0233 -0.0415 -0.0993 4.42 -0.0046 -0.0461
-0.4576 -1.402 5.67 -0.0606 -0.5182 -1.764 6.30 -0.0233 -0.5415 -1.914 6.54 -0.0046 -0.5461
1 0.2346 3.666 28.91 -0.0416 0.1930 2.555 24.49 -0.0164 0.1766 2.169 22.71 -0.0024 0.1742
Σhf =2.367 Σ=39.08 Σhf =0.770 Σ=32.98 Σhf =0.156 Σ=33.68
δQ3 = -0.0606 δQ4 = -0.0233 δQ5 = -0.0046
-0.2346 -3.666 28.91 0.0416 -0.1930 -2.555 24.49 0.0164 -0.1766 -2.169 22.71 0.0024 -0.1742
0.1078 16.967 291.11 -0.0190 0.0888 11.853 246.88 -0.0070 0.0819 10.193 230.34 -0.0022 0.0797
2 -0.4922 -6.739 25.33 -0.0190 -0.5112 -7.228 26.16 -0.0070 -0.5181 -7.411 26.46 -0.0022 -0.5203
Σhf =6.562 Σ=345.35 Σhf =2.070 Σ=297.53 Σhf =0.613 Σ=279.52
δQ3 = -0.0190 δQ4 = -0.0070 δQ5 = -0.0022

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