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Argumentative essay
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40 Minutes
K

Minimum 250 words 2

FAMILY EDUCATION
SOCIETY HEALTH AND
AND NUTRITION
CULTURE
TRANSPORT
EMPLOYMENT
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
SCIENCES
SPORTS
MUSIC
T
Y
P
E
S

O
F

Q
U
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AGREE – DISAGREE
Problems and Solution
Some people say that universities should
be concerned with educating people so
that they will have wide general
knowledge. Other people say that
universities should simply train students
to do the jobs required by society.

Discuss
.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Two-part Question
 People have different job expectations for job.
Some people prefer to do the same job for the same company,
whereas others prefer to change jobs frequently.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of each view point.

Modern technology allows rapid and uncontrolled access to exchange

information.
Far from being beneficial, this is a danger to our societies.
Do you agree or disagree?

Some people say that universities should be concerned with educating

people so that they will have wide general knowledge.
Other people say that universities should simply train students to do
the jobs required by society.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Planning answer
We live today in an electronic information age. It is
easier to be connected by technology yet many people
seem no closer to feeling happy in their lives. What are
the advantages and disadvantages to this?

Analyze the task

What type of essay two sides of an argument

What are the keywords …

… related to the topic? electronic information age,
happy lives
… related to the task? discuss
Which terms need explaining? happy/connected
Generate Ideas

What are the advantages -- email / internet / chatrooms

of the electronic age? (easy quick cheap
-- contact with family, friends
-- technology can overcome
isolation eg. Finland

Are we happier? Isolated at computer

Evidence of lack of Rates of depression / suicide /

happiness divorce / stress
Think it through

Introduction What is happiness? How is it

related to being connected?

Body 1. advantages of technology

(on the one hand)
2. disadvantages
(on the other hand)

Conclusion summarize / provide your

opinion
Essay Introductions - Possible Approaches

Golden Rules:

There is no one way to writing IELTS essay

introductions, but no matter your approach
you should bear these guidelines in mind:

• do not use a single sentence introduction.

• do not repeat the question word for word -
rephrase it.
• identify the question to be answered.
General statement or background

Your opening sentence will ordinarily be a general

statement on the issue identified in the question.

Some alternative expressions:

•There has always been considerable discussion about …

•One very complex issue in today’s world is …
•One problematic issue in the modern world is …
•Undoubtedly, one of the most significant innovations in
recent years has been …
•One issue that creates intense debate nowadays in
many countries is …
•It is unarguable that …
Paraphrasing the opinion
CHANGE WORD FORMS
Examples :
When we look at a comparison between A and B …
When we compare A and B …
The noun comparison is replaced with the verb compare.

There are a variety of solutions to problem C.

There are various solutions to problem C.
The noun variety is replaced by the adjective various.

REPLACE WORDS OR PHRASES WITH SYNONYMS

Examples :
X is not allowed
X is not permitted
Permitted is a synonym for allowed

Project Y was almost completed

Project Y was nearly finished
The phrases nearly finished is synonymous with almost completed.
CHANGE THE GRAMMAR

Examples :
Trained scientists performed this research.
This research was performed by trained scientists.
The active verb “performed” is replaced by by the PASSIVE VERB
“was performed by”.

It’s easy to use A

Using A is easy
The gerund “using” is substituted for the INFINITIVE “to use”

This A, which is one of the most powerful Zs in the world, has …

This A, one of the most powerful Zs in the world, has …
An APPOSITIVE (noun phrase) is used in place of a RELATIVE CLAUSE.

Study Y, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that …

Study y, conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that …
A past participle is used to reduce (shorten) a relative clause.
 REVERSE NEGATIVES

Examples :
A is not as easy as …
A is harder than …
A comparative phrase in used in place of a not + as … as … phrase.

It’s not uncommon to see Z …

It’s common to see Z …
A double-negative phrase is replaced by a word with a positive meaning.

The least expensive B …

The cheapest B …
The negative superlative phrase is replaced by a superlative word with
the same meaning.
 CHANGE THE WORD ORDER

Examples :
For many years, people have believed A.
People have believed A for many years.
The prepositional phrase is moved from the beginning of the sentence to the
end of it.

After this problem has been solved, work on X can continue.

Work on X can continue after this problem has been solved.
The adverb clause is moved to the end of the sentence.

CHANGE SENTENCE CONNECTORS

Although there is a lot of evidence to support theory Y, not all scientists believe it.
There is a lot of evidence to support theory Y; however, not all scientists believe it.
The transition word is used in place of the adverb-clause marker.

There are some dangers involved in B; therefore, researchers must be very

cautious.
Because there are some dangers involved in B, researchers must be very cautious.
The adverb clause marker is used in place of the transition word.
Thesis Statement
how/why

Who/what/when/
where
 In the fast-pace environment, one prefers to have
efficient meals rather than the complicated ones. To
fulfill this demand, a large number of manufacturers
keep attempting to produce instant food using their
M
improved technology like mechanized farming. A
Unfortunately, most processed foods are laden with I
N
sweeteners, salts, artificial flavors, factory-created fats,
I
colorings, chemicals that alter texture, and D
preservatives. Take indomie, one of instant noodle E
A
brands in Indonesia. This brand has been widely known
STRONG
EVIDENCE
as the best and cheapest one in this nation. However,
recent research conducted by several healthy
institutions in Indonesia have proven the possibilities of
certain poisons which the ingredients of indomie have.
 M
In developed countries, due to the technology A
modifications, the multipurpose functions of certain I
N
beverages that are not suitable for a human body might
I
not be able to be identified in the short time. The effect, D
therefore, cannot be seen in only several years. One would E
A
keep consuming something when they think their body
system is normal at that moment. A result at the end would
be devastating and severe. A good example of this is Coca
cola from the United States. Though the healthy and safety
regulations in the United States can be considered as one of
the strict ones, it was merely discovered that Coca cola has
many functions that work well not only with a human body
STRONG
EVIDENCE but also with other things such as metal. This drink was
found to be able to reduce the corrosion of metal after used
frequently. The impact for human body, which is softer than
metal, would certainly be dangerous.
 M
A
I
N

I
D
E
STRONG A
EVIDENCE

Words related
to the topic
 COHERENT
DEVICE

M
A
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I
D
E
A

COHESIVE
DEVICE
Additional examples you might follow to give coherence
to your writing by expanding on one point.

There are those who argue that the internet has

had an extremely positive influence on communication.
They say this because in the past it was sometimes
impossible to call people in other countries on the
telephone, but now it is relatively simple to use Zoom or
WhatsApp to talk to them for free or to send an email. A
good example is the students who go to study abroad
and are able to send messages home with no difficulty,
when in the past they would have to buy stamps and
went to the post office which was much harder and
more expensive.
In conclusion, All things considered,

To conclude them all, In summary,

Overall, To summarize,
Thus,
All things considered, machine-
processed food that has been
artificially grown with fertilizers
has less quality than the organic
ones and tends to be harmful to
human body system. In my S
personal opinion, it is better to U
G
consume organic foods with no G
E
fertilizers and machined process in S
T
order to produce. I
O
N
 Scientists and news media are presenting ever more evidence of
climate change. Government cannot be expected to solve this
problem. It is the responsibility of individuals to change their
lifestyles to prevent further damage. What are your views?

Recently, scientists are worried about climate change and have urged
governments to introduce measures to reduce the greenhouse gas
emissions that are seen as its main cause. Simultaneously, politicians
and environmentalists have encouraged individuals to make changes
to their lifestyles. I shall argue that governments should take the initial
action as they are the ones that have the authority.

Firstly, industry accounts for a large proportion of the greenhouse gas

emissions, and this can only be controlled by government action.
Measures could be taken to discourage pollution, such as limiting or
taxing the use of fossil fuels. Alternatively, subsidies could be offered
to industries to clean up their production processes. If these ideas are
adopted, I believe that businesses would regard pollution as financial
issue.
Secondly, only discussion between governments can ensure that
solutions are successful. The Kyoto agreement, for example, tried to
reach global agreement on how to address the problem. Without
such co-operation, it seems to me that efforts to reduce fuel
consumption are unlikely to be effective.

However, some might believe that national and international

policies will only succeed if individuals also change their lifestyles.
For instance, people could think more carefully about how they use
energy in their homes. By using less electricity, installing energy-
efficient light bulbs and electrical appliances, or investing in solar
panels, they can make a real difference.

In conclusion, I would maintain that only a combination of

international agreements and national policies will create the
difference. Individuals will only follow what have been regulated.