LESSON: CREATING ENGLISH ENVIRONMENT

QUESTION:
~ How do you imagine a good environment for English classes?
~ What do you think does English environment have a great role in learning
language?

Task 1
Read an article:
The quality and nature of a learner become effective on learning as well as the
learning environment and learning materials also influence the process of learning.
The major factors which affect learning are as follows,
Factors associated with learner
Factors associated with the learning environment
The factors affecting teaching are related to instructional facilities and the
learning environment:
Method of learning: Proactive moves in the interactive processes, learning
by doing, direct interaction, etc.
Mode of learning: online or offline mode
Learning support materials: availability or non-availability of
textbooks/reading materials for use
Feedback system: information given to the learner or teacher about the
learner's performance relative to learning goals or outcomes.
Infrastructural facility: availability of important instruments and facilities
also the availability of smart classes.
The environment at the institution: noise-free and suitable for education
Therefore, the Shortage of highly qualified teachers: it is a factor related to
the factor of teaching. It comes under the personal qualification of the teacher that
can affect the formal nature of the teaching.
Classroom discipline: Discipline is defined as the practice of teaching others to
obey rules or norms by using punishment to correct unwanted behaviors. In a
classroom, a teacher uses discipline to ensure routine is maintained, school rules
are enforced, and the students are in a safe learning environment. While the word
discipline seems negative, the goal of using discipline is to teach students
boundaries and limits to help students achieve personal and academic life goals.
Classroom management to maintain discipline: Teachers should have class rules. It
is important to have a list of expectations, such as class rules, either posted on a
wall or in a syllabus to ensure students understand what is expected of them. Daily
routines are also important. Having routine students commit to every day is a great
way to help reinforce good behavior, responsibility, and best practice. Depending
on age level, this could look a few different ways.
Conclusion: A well-disciplined classroom means a more positive learning
environment. Without discipline, learning cannot be accomplished. If students
constantly disrupt the teacher, the others in the class are affected. If a student does
not follow the rules and does not complete classwork or homework, that student is
missing out on valuable learning opportunities. The goal of discipline is to ensure
each student receives the most from their education. Framing class rule is good to
bring discipline, but all students are following them in a proper way that should be
monitored by the teacher. Rewarding good behavior encourages students to follow
rules and behave properly, but all are not good in their behavior. So, to maintain
discipline in the classroom, it is important that students should be continuously
monitored for their behaviour and to follow class rules.
The factors affecting teaching are related to instructional facilities and the
learning environment:
Method of learning: Proactive moves in the interactive processes, learning by
doing, direct interaction, etc.
Mode of learning: online or offline mode
Learning support materials: availability or non-availability of textbooks/reading
materials for use
Feedback system: information given to the learner or teacher about the learner's
performance relative to learning goals or outcomes.
Infrastructural facility: availability of important instruments and facilities also the
availability of smart classes
The environment at the institution: noise-free and suitable for education
Lack of students' interest: It is a factor related to the learner and his/her readiness
for learning. So, it comes under psychological factors.
Shortage of highly qualified teachers: it is a factor related to the factor of teaching.
It comes under the personal qualification of the teacher that can affect the formal
nature of the teaching.
Praise and encouragement by teachers are a part of the learning environment but it
is not a factor that affects teaching.
Therefore, Proactive moves in the interactive processes are a factor affecting
teaching that is related to instructional facilities and the learning environment.
A positive learning environment provides a feeling of safety to students, staff,
and visitors. A good learning environment helps in building a culture of mutual
trust and respect that engages the learners meaningfully in the task of learning.
Besides that, it also supports a relationship between teaching and learning that
helps in improving childhood mental health and academic performance.
A good learning environment provide the vast learning experiences to the
learner and cater the feelings of all the students. A teacher is required to actively
monitor their learners for maintaining a learning environment. Active monitoring
includes watching student behavior closely, correcting inappropriate behaviors
before they escalate, dealing with misbehavior consistently, and attending to
student learning. Maintaining effective learning environment involves helping
students when they are stuck, when they need support, when they need direction,
when they need correction, and when they need encouragement. When students
behave inappropriately, you must handle it promptly to keep it from continuing
and influencing other students. Though you can handle most misbehavior by using
techniques such as eye contact, serious misbehavior requires direct intervention.
A good learning environment also ensures understanding value of others
contributions and value of diversity within the classroom. The uniqueness of each
classroom and the variety and complexity of tasks that teachers face make it
impossible to prescribe specific techniques for every situation.
Student-centered (Learner-centered) approach in the teaching-learning
process: In this approach, the ‘learner’ or ‘child’ and not the ‘teacher’ is the main
focus of the educational program. It emphasizes ‘learning’ rather than ‘teaching’
The overall goal of education, according to this approach is the all-round
development of the child and not only that of acquiring knowledge. Curriculum,
according to this approach, should be based upon needs, interests, aptitudes, and
abilities of learners at different levels so that it enables them to acquire the
necessary skills, knowledge, attitudes, and values for realizing their full potential.
Key points!
1. A model of teaching can be defined as the depiction of the teaching and
learning environment, including the behavior of teachers and students while the
lesson is presented through that model. 2. Models of teaching enable the students
to engage in robust cognitive and social tasks and teach the student how to use
them productively. 3. Models of teaching are the specific instructional plans which
are designed according to the concerned learning theories. 4. It provides a
comprehensive blueprint for the curriculum to design instructional materials,
planning lessons, teacher-pupil roles, supporting aids, and so forth. 5. Joyce &
Weil (2014) defines A model of teaching as a description of a learning
environment, including our behavior as teachers when that model is used. 6. Eggen
(1979) defines that Models are prescriptive teaching strategies that help to realize
specific instructional goals. 7. Hence the main aim of models of teaching is to
create powerful learners
Learning environment
Interaction of learners with teachers and other peers is important for active
participation in classroom learning that has to be maintained by both teacher and
learner.
The social and economic background of the teacher and learner, directly and
indirectly, affect their thinking.
Motivation in the classroom is important. The teacher is an important person inside
the classroom to motivate the child and provide rewards to induce interest in the
learner.
Mental Hygiene- It is defined as the science dealing with the preservation and
promotion of mental health as well as prevention and treatment of mental illness. It
provides rules, laws and principles for achieving adjustment with self and
environment.
Key Points
Its objectives are: To develop respect for others.
To help to realize one's potentiality.
To enable one to know his or herself.
To enable one to make an effective adjustment.
To cause harmonious development and create happiness.
To understand one's limitations and tolerate other's limitations.
Additional Information : Motivation refers to the process that guides an
individual to achieve a goal. There are two main types of motivation which include
extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Learning is the acquisition of new behaviour or
the strengthening or weakening of old behaviour as a result of experience. It
represents progressive changes in behaviour. Conflict refers to a situation in which
a person wants to make a decision which has two choices and both choices seem
good.
Key Points
Factors that influence learning:
Physical factors: physical factors such as the physical setting, classroom
environment, infrastructure, noise-free environment, comfortability.
Mental factors: motivation, readiness to learn, attitude and behaviour, etc.
The instructor or facilitator is a factor: the personality of the teacher, teaching
skill, affection towards students, communication skills, etc.
Physiological factors: health, well-being, cleanliness, fitness, maturity etc.
The personal quality of learner: intelligence, communication skill, good memory,
regularity, etc.
External factors: outside inference, outside noise, political influence, local events,
culture, society, etc.
Social factors in school result in positive peer relationships, management, and
academic performance which reflect learner’s ability to engage in self-regulation
while attending school sessions. Regardless of the basic motivation, the anxiety
aroused by disturbed family background shows itself in thinking difficulties,
viz, daydreaming, inattentiveness, and difficulty in concentration.
Thus we can say that physical, social, and cultural factors influence the quality of
learning.
Learning: Although there is no single definition of learning, most psychologists
and educators would agree that learning is a process by which behavior is either
modified or changed through experience or training. Learning is thus a relatively
permanent change in response potentiality which occurs as a function of reinforced
practice. For example, a child touches a hot pan placed near the gas stove in the
kitchen because he is unaware that it can burn his fingers. Once he has had such an
experience, he becomes careful in the future. He has learned that hot objects can
burn his fingers. The direction of influence in learning is one-way in the sense that
learning is an individualistic phenomenon. In the above example, the child
learning not to touch hot objects didn't require the interference of anyone else. He
learned as a result of experience with the environment.
Counseling: Counseling is the process of assisting and guiding clients, especially
by a trained person on a professional basis, to resolve especially personal, social,
or psychological problems and difficulties. It involves interaction between at least
two persons.
Guiding: To guide means to indicate, to point out, to show the way. It means
more than to assist. If individual slips on the road we assist him/her to get up but
we do not guide him unless we help him/her to go in a certain direction. It involves
interaction between at least two persons.
Teaching: Teaching is a process in which one individual teaches or instructs
another individual. Teaching is considered as the act of imparting instructions to
the learners in the classroom situation. It is watching systematically. Dewey:-
considers it as a manipulation of the situation, where the learner will acquire skills
and insight with his own initiation. It involves interaction between at least two
persons.
Meaningful learning occurs in an environment that is free of distraction and
disruption. Positive learning environment introduces a new dimension to the
educational experiences beyond the textbook, making learning more constant and
enlivening. There are four categories of classroom environment including
dysfunctional, adequate, orderly restrictive and orderly enabling/flexible
environment, in which adequate classroom environment exhibits the basic level
of order for meaningful learning, but the teacher still struggles to maintain it.
Card 1 Which of the following potential factors affecting
teaching are not related to instructional facilities and learning
environment?
1. Non-availability of textbooks/reading materials for use
2. Shortage of highly qualified teachers
3. Proactive moves in the interactive processes
4. Availability of smart classes

Card 2 Which of the following do you consider most important

to prevent classroom discipline problems?
1. Close monitoring of student's behaviour
2. Establishing rules and procedure
3. Creating a stimulating classroom environment
4. Reward students for good behavior

Card 3 Which of the following potential factors affecting

teaching are related to instructional facilities and the learning
environment?
1. Proactive moves in the interactive processes
2. Learning support materials
3. Infrastructural facility
4. Praise and encouragement by teachers
Card 4 For better learning, which type of environment should
be provided to children?
1. Where their experiences and feelings will get a proper place.
2. Where they will get the maximum chance to play.
3. Where he is likely to become more and more friends.
4. Where strict discipline is adopted.

Card 5 Student- Centric Classroom is mean for ____________

1. addressing individual differences
2. reducing teacher-oriented lectures
3. recalling the previous knowledge
4. engaging the entire class

Card 6 A model of teaching is a description of…

2. Learning environment including teaching behaviour
3. Learner - behaviour including personality characteristics
4. Subject matter including its logical structure
Card 7 Identify the factors affecting teaching related to a
positive learning environment in an institution
(i) The extent to which teachers make a clear presentation
(ii) The scope for sharing and open discussions within the
classroom and the institution as such
(iii) Teachers mastery of the content as reflected in answering
student& questions
(iv) Frequent use of positive reinforcers either in the institution
or classroom
(v) Availability of teacher and his/her guidance
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(i) and (iii) 2. (ii) and (iii) 3. (iv) and (v) 4. (ii) and (iv)

Card 8 A systematic science which provides rules, laws and

principles for achieving adjustment with self and the
environment is called
Motivation 2. Mental hygiene 3. Learning 4. Conflict

Card 9 Which factors influence the quality of learning?

Physical
Mental
3. Cultural
4. All of the above
Card 10 In which of the following, the direction of influence is
mainly one way:
Counselling 2. Guiding 3. Teaching 4. Learning

Card 11 ______ exhibits a basic level of order, but the teacher

still struggles to maintain it.
Adequate classroom environment
1. Orderly restrictive learning environment
2. Orderly enabling learning environment
3. Dysfunctional classroom environment
Card 1 Which of the following potential factors affecting teaching are not related
to instructional facilities and learning environment?
1. Non-availability of textbooks/reading materials for use
2. Shortage of highly qualified teachers
3. Proactive moves in the interactive processes
4. Availability of smart classes
Card 2 Which of the following do you consider most important to prevent
classroom discipline problems?
1. Close monitoring of student's behaviour
2. Establishing rules and procedure
3. Creating a stimulating classroom environment
4. Reward students for good behavior
Card 3 Which of the following potential factors affecting teaching are related to
instructional facilities and the learning environment?
1. Proactive moves in the interactive processes
2. Learning support materials
3. Infrastructural facility
4. Praise and encouragement by teachers
Card 4 For better learning, which type of environment should be provided to
children?
1. Where their experiences and feelings will get a proper place.
2. Where they will get the maximum chance to play.
3. Where he is likely to become more and more friends.
4. Where strict discipline is adopted.

Card 5 Student- Centric Classroom is mean for ____________

1. addressing individual differences
2. reducing teacher-oriented lectures
3. recalling the previous knowledge
4. engaging the entire class

Card 6 A model of teaching is a description of…

2. Learning environment including teaching behaviour
3. Learner - behaviour including personality characteristics
4. Subject matter including its logical structure

Card 7 Identify the factors affecting teaching related to a positive learning

environment in an institution
(i) The extent to which teachers make a clear presentation
(ii) The scope for sharing and open discussions within the classroom and the
institution as such
(iii) Teachers mastery of the content as reflected in answering student& questions
(iv) Frequent use of positive reinforcers either in the institution or classroom
(v) Availability of teacher and his/her guidance
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. (i) and (iii) 2. (ii) and (iii) 3. (iv) and (v) 4. (ii) and (iv)

Card 8 A systematic science which provides rules, laws and principles for
achieving adjustment with self and the environment is called
1. Motivation 2. Mental hygiene 3. Learning 4. Conflict

Card 9 Which factors influence the quality of learning?

1. Physical
2. Mental
3. Cultural
4. All of the above

Card 10 In which of the following, the direction of influence is mainly one way:
1. Counselling 2. Guiding 3. Teaching 4. Learning

Card 11 ______ exhibits a basic level of order, but the teacher still struggles to
maintain it.
4. Adequate classroom environment
5. 2. Orderly restrictive learning environment
6. 3. Orderly enabling learning environment
 7. 4. Dysfunctional classroom environment

Task. Think about two classrooms.

1. Classroom with successful clas.environment
2. Classroom with unsuccessful clas.environment