Data Communication and Computer Networks
EEE314
Lab 09
VTP Configuration
Name
Bilal Saleem Ahmed
Registration No FA20-BEE-040
BCE-6
Class
Sir Khan Afsar
Instructor’s Name
Lab Assessment
Pre Lab /1
In Lab /10
/5
Critical Analysis /4
Instructor Signature and Comments
Figure 9. 1 Topology Diagram
Device
(Hostname) Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway
S1 VLAN 99 172.17.99.11 255.255.255.0 N/A
S2 VLAN 99 172.17.99.12 255.255.255.0 N/A
S3 VLAN 99 172.17.99.13 255.255.255.0 N/A
PC1 NIC 172.17.10.21 255.255.255.0 172.17.10.1
PC2 NIC 172.17.20.22 255.255.255.0 172.17.20.1
PC3 NIC 172.17.30.23 255.255.255.0 172.17.30.1
PC4 NIC 172.17.10.24 255.255.255.0 172.17.10.1
PC5 NIC 172.17.20.25 255.255.255.0 172.17.20.1
PC6 NIC 172.17.30.26 255.255.255.0 172.17.30.1
Table 9. 1Addressing Table
Ports Assignment Network
Fa0/1 – 0/5 802.1q Trunks (Native VLAN 99) 172.17.99.0 /24
Fa0/6 – 0/10 VLAN 30 – Guest (Default) 172.17.30.0 /24
Fa0/11 – 0/17 VLAN 10 – Faculty/Staff 172.17.10.0 /24
Fa0/18 – 0/24 VLAN 20 – Students 172.17.20.0 /24
Table 9. 2 Port Assignments (Switches 2 and 3)
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this lab, you will be able to:
• Cable a network according to the topology diagram
• Erase the start-up configuration and reload a switch to the default state
• Perform basic configuration tasks on a switch
• Configure VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) on all switches
• Enable trunking on inter-switch connections
• Verify trunk configuration
• Modify VTP modes and observe the impact
• Create VLANs on the VTP server, and distribute this VLAN information to switches in the network
• Explain the differences in operation between VTP transparent mode, server mode, and client
Pre Lab
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol that propagates the definition of Virtual
Local Area Networks (VLAN) on the whole local area network.[1] To do this, VTP carries VLAN
information to all the switches in a VTP domain. VTP advertisements can be sent over ISL, 802.1Q, IEEE
802.10 and LANE trunks. VTP is available on most of the Cisco Catalyst Family products. Using VTP,
each Catalyst Family Switch advertises the following on its trunk ports:
Management domain
Configuration revision number
Known VLANs and their specific parameters
There are three versions of VTP, namely version 1, version 2, version 3.
Task 1: Prepare the Network
Step 1: Cable a network that is similar to the one in the topology diagram.
You can use any current switch in your lab as long as it has the required interfaces shown in the topology.
The output shown in this lab is based on 2960 switches. Other switch types may produce different output.
If you are using older switches, then some commands may be different or unavailable.
You will notice in the Addressing Table that the PCs have been configured with a default gateway IP
address. This would be the IP address of the local router which is not included in this lab scenario. The
default gateway, the router would be needed for PCs in different VLANS to be able to communicate. This
is discussed in a later chapter.
Set up console connections to all three switches.
Step 2: Clear any existing configurations on the switches.
If necessary, refer to Lab 2.5.1, Appendix 1, for the procedure to clear switch configurations and VLANs.
Use the show vlan command to confirm that only default VLANs exist and that all ports are assigned to
VLAN 1.
Step 3: Disable all ports by using the shutdown command.
Task 2: Perform Basic Switch Configurations
Step 1: Complete basic configuration of switches S1, S2, and S3.
Configure the S1, S2, and S3 switches according to the following guidelines and save all your
configurations:
• Configure the switch hostname as indicated on the topology.
• Disable DNS lookup.
• Configure an EXEC mode password of class.
• Configure a password of cisco for console connections.
• Configure a password of cisco for vty connections. (Output for S1 shown)
Step 2: Re-enable the user ports on S2 and S3.
Configure the user ports in access mode. Refer to the topology diagram to determine which ports are
connected to end-user devices.
Step 3: Re-enable the trunk ports on S1, S2 and S3
Task 3: Configure the Ethernet Interfaces on the Host PCs
Configure the Ethernet interfaces of PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, PC5, and PC6 with the IP addresses and default
gateways indicated in the addressing table at the beginning of the lab.
Verify that PC1 can ping PC4, PC2 can ping PC5, and that PC3 can ping PC6.
PC1
PC2
PC3
PC4
PC5
PC6
Task 4: Configure VTP on the Switches
VTP allows the network administrator to control the instances of VLANs on the network by creating VTP domains.
Within each VTP domain, one or more switches are configured as VTP servers. VLANs are then created on the VTP
server and pushed to the other switches in the domain. Common VTP configuration tasks are setting the operating
mode, domain, and password. In this lab, you will be using S1 as the VTP server, with S2 and S3 configured as VTP
clients or in VTP transparent mode.
Step 1: Check the current VTP settings on the three switches.
Note that all three switches are in server mode. Server mode is the default VTP mode for most Catalyst
switches.
Step 2: Configure the operating mode, domain name, and VTP password on all three
switches.
Set the VTP domain name to Lab4 and the VTP password to cisco on all three switches. Configure S1 in
server mode, S2 in client mode, and S3 in transparent mode.
Setting device VLAN database password to cisco
Note: The VTP domain name can be learned by a client switch from a server switch, but only if the client
switch domain is in the null state. It does not learn a new name if one has been previously set. For that
reason, it is good practice to manually configure the domain name on all switches to ensure that the domain
name is configured correctly. Switches in different VTP domains do not exchange VLAN information.
Step 3: Configure trunking and the native VLAN for the trunking ports on all three switches.
Use the interface range command in global configuration mode to simplify this task.
Step 4: Configure port security on the S2 and S3 access layer switches.
Configure ports fa0/6, fa0/11, and fa0/18 so that they allow only a single host and learn the MAC
address of the host dynamically.
Step 5: Configure VLANs on the VTP server.
Step 6: Check if the VLANs created on S1 have been distributed to S2 and S3.
Are the same VLANs configured on all switches? No.
Explain why S2 and S3 have different VLAN configurations at this point.
S2 is on the client mode and whatever is happening on the server it also happens on client
whereas S3 is on the transparent mode so nothing will occur on S3 that is taking place on S1.
Step 7: Create a new VLAN on switch 2 and 3.
Why are you prevented from creating a new VLAN on S2 but not S3? On S2 we are in client
mode we cannot make any modifications whereas in S3 we are in transparent mode so we can
make some modifications
Step 8: Manually configure VLANs.
Configure the four VLANs identified in Step 5 on switch S3.
Here you see one of the advantages of VTP. Manual configuration is tedious and error prone, and any error
introduced here could prevent intra-VLAN communication. In addition, these types of errors can be difficult
to troubleshoot.
Step 9: Configure the management interface address on all three switches.
Step 10: Assign switch ports to VLANs.
Refer to the port assignment table at the beginning of the lab to assign ports to the VLANs. Use the interface
range command to simplify this task. Port assignments are not configured through VTP. Port assignments
must be configured on each switch manually or dynamically using a VMPS server. The commands are
shown for S3 only, but both S2 and S1 switches should be similarly configured. Save the configuration
when you are done.
Task 5: Configure VTP Pruning on the Switches
VTP pruning allows a VTP server to suppress IP broadcast traffic for specific VLANs to switches that do
not have any ports in that VLAN. By default, all unknown unicasts and broadcasts in a VLAN are flooded
over the entire VLAN. All switches in the network receive all broadcasts, even in situations in which few
users are connected in that VLAN. VTP pruning is used to eliminate or prune this unnecessary traffic.
Pruning saves LAN bandwidth because broadcasts do not have to be sent to switches that do not need them.
Pruning is configured on the server switch with the vtp pruning command in global configuration mode.
The configuration is pushed to client switches.
Confirm VTP pruning configuration on each switch using the show vtp status command. VTP pruning
mode should be enabled on each switch.
Critical Analysis:
In this lab we learnt about VTP and VLAN, we learned configuring tasks on switch, we learned
trunking protocol for both VTP and VLAN, we learnt about trunking on inter switch connections
and learned how to create VLANs and VTPs on the server.
