THE INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS

Director : Prof. Atul Inamdar.

 M.Sc.(Maths)
 SET qualified
 UPSC qualified
 IIT (JAM) qualified (AlR 116)
 Author of several books
Probability
2 1 1
1) Two dice are rolled and sum of the scores a) b) c) d) none of these
7 210 7
on two dice is observed, then sample space is. 10) Probability that a leap year selected
a) S  1, 2,3, 4,5,6 randomly will have 53 Sunday is..
b) S   x, y  / x, y  1, 2,3, 4,5,6 a) 3/7 b) 2/7 c) 6/5 d) 4/9
c) S  2,3, 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
7 2 11
d) none of these 11) P  A  , P  B  ; P  A  B  then
12 3 12
P  A'  B '  is..
2) Two unbiased coins are tossed, find the
probability that both show head or tail. 3 5 2 4
a) b) c) d)
a) 1/4 b) 3/4 c)1/2 d) 1 2 3 3 3

3) A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 12) P  A  0.6, P  B   0.2; P  A  B   0.8 . What
playing cards. Find the probability that the
card drawn is a face card or a club card. is the value of P  A  B 
25 24 1 1 1 1
a) b) c) d) none of these a) b) 0 c) d)
52 52 17 2 3 4

4) A box contains 5 white, 3 black and 2 red 13) If A and B are two events defined on
balls. 3 balls are drawn from the bag. Find sample space S such that,
P  A'   , P  A  B   , P  A  B   , then P  B  =..
the probability that, the balls drawn does not 1 7 1
contain red ball. 2 10 5
1 28 1 a) 4/10 b) 1 c) 7/100 d) 2/10
a) b) c) d) none of these
8 60 15
1 1
14) If P  A  , P  B   and A, B are
5) There are 100 tickets numbered from 5 4
1 to 100. If one ticket is drawn at random, independent events, then P  A  B  is…
find the probability that it bears a number
which is a multiple of 3 or 5. 9 1 2
a) b) c) d) none of these
15 8 47 53 20 20 5
a) b) c) d)
100 100 100 100
1 7 1
15) If P  A  , P  A  B   , P  A  B  
6) A fair die is thrown, the probability of getting 2 10 5
a number on the upper face is at most 4 is… then P  B  is..
8 5 7 3 2 5 3 7
a) b) c) d) a) b) c) d)
7 8 8 8 5 2 2 2
7) A bag contains 3 white, 3 black and 2 red
16) If P  A  0.4, P  B   0.8, P  A  B   0.3 then
balls. If 3 balls are drawn at random from
the box. Find the Probability that one is P  A / B  is..
white, one is black and one is red ? a) 0.1 b) 0.2 c) 0.3 d) 0.2
5 6 5 6
a) b) c) d)
14 14 15 14 1 1
17) If P  A  , P  B   and A and B are
5 4
8) From group of 4 men, 3 women and 3 mutually exclusive events, then P  A  B  =..
children, 4 persons are selected at random.
What is the probability of getting exactly one 9 1 2
a) b) c) d) none of these
children ? 20 20 5
10 3 4 8
a) b) c) d)
3 10 10 10 18) P  A  0.6, P  B   0.5 and P  A  B   0.4 .
Find the Probability P  A / B  is…
9) The letter of the word SOCIETY are placed
in a row. The probability that the three a) 0.8 b) 0.6 c) 0.7 d) 0.5
vowels are together is..
19) A room contains 3 sockets for bulbs from a if P  A =
collection of 8 bulbs, out of which 4 are
1 1
defective. 3 bulbs are selected at random a) 0 or 1 b) c) 0 d) 0, or 1
and put in the socket, the probability that 2 2
the room is lit is…
13 12 11 9 28) If the letters of the word ‘MATHEMATICS’
a) b) c) d) are arranged arbitrarily, the probability that C
14 13 14 14
comes before E, E before H, H before I and I
20) The probability that A hits a target is 1/4
before S, is
and the probability that B hits a target is 2/3.
1 1 1 1
Both shoot at the target. The probability that at a) b) c) d)
least one of them hits the target i.e. A or B (or 75 24 120 720
both) hit the target is..
11 12 1 13 29) The probability that a man can hit a target
a) b) c) d) is 3/4. He tries 5 times. The probability that
20 20 2 20
he will hit the target at least three times is…
21) In a Hostel having 100 students, 40 drink
291
tea, 30 drink coffee and 10 drink milk. a) b) 371 c) 471 d) 459
Of these 15 take tea and coffee, 364 464 502 512
5 take coffee and milk and none takes tea
and milk. If a student is picked up at random 30) An urn contains 12 red & 19 yellow balls.
from this Hostel, the probability that he One ball is drawn, its colour is noted and
takes tea or coffee… kept aside. Then a second ball is drawn.
9 11 7 13 The probability that the second ball is red
a) b) c) d) given that the first ball is yellow.
20 20 20 20
a) 3/5 b) 2/5 c) 1/5 d) 4/5
22) A and B are two independent events. The
probability that both of them occur is 1/6
31) The probabilities of occurrence of two
and neither of them occur is 1/3. Then the
events are respectively 0.21 and 0·49. The
probability of events A and B respectively
probability that both occurs simultaneously
are…
is 0.16. Then the probability that none of the
1 1 1 1
a) and b) and two occurs is
2 3 5 6 a) 0.30 b) 0.46 c) 0.14 d) 0.34
1 1 2 1
c) and d) and
2 6 3 4 32) Out of 40 consecutive natural numbers,
two are chosen at random. Probability that the
23) The probability of happening an event A in sum of the numbers is odd, is
one trial is 0.4. The probability that the a) 14/29 b) 20/39 c) 38/39 d) 1/2
event A happens at least once in three
independent trials is… 33) A and B are two events such that
a) 0.626 b) 0.784 c) 0.802 d) 0.316  A
P  A  0, P  B   1 then P   =
24) Sharad go to office by car, train or by bus. B
The probabilities of his travelling of each made  A 1 P  A  B
a) 1  P   b)
2 4
being , and
1
respectively. It is found that B P B  
7 7 7
the chances of his being late for office by three  A P  A
c) 1  P   d)
3 1
modes are , and
2
take in same order. B P  B
5 5 3
The probability that he had travelled by bus is..
1 1 1 1 34) The probability that the fifth day of a
a) b) c) d) randomly chosen month of a randomly chosen
2 6 3 4
year will be a Friday, is
2 1 1 3
25) Find the expected value of random variable a) b) c) d)
X whose p.d.f. is 7 17 7 7
f x  x   3x 2 , 0  x 1
35) An experiment can result in only 3 mutually
 0, otherwise exclusive events A, B and C.
a)
3
b)
1
c)
3
d)
1 If P  A  2P  B   3P  C  then P  A 
4 2 80 5 6 5 9 7
26) Find k if the function f is defined by a) b) c) d)
11 11 11 11
F  x   kx,0  x  1
 0, otherwise 36) Three letters are written to different person
is the p.d.f. of continuous random variable X. and corresponding addresses are written on
a) k  1 b) k  2 c) k  3 d) k  0 three envelopes. However, letter are place in
envelopes without looking at the addresses.
27) The event A is independents of itself
The probability that the letters go into right 46) A bag contains 4 white, 5 red and 6 green
envelopes, is balls. Three balls are picked up at random.
1 1 1 5 The probability that a white , a red and a
a) b) c) d) green balls are drawn, is
27 6 9 6
a) 15/91 b) 30/91 c) 20/91 d)24/ 91

37) If A and B are two events the probability 47) In a college hostel there are 75 students
that exactly one of them occur is equal to out of which 15 students like to drink tea ,
a) P  A  P  B   2P  A  B  40 like to drink coffee & 20 like neither coffee
nor tea . Two students from this hostel come to
b) P  A  P  B   P  A  B  c) P  A  P  B  a canteen . Then the probability that both will
d) P  A  P  B   P  A  B  order the same drink is
a) 57 b) 58 c) 59 d) 53
185 185 185 185
38) If the probability for A to fail in an
examination is 0.2 and that for B is o.3, then 48) A box contains 5 red , 11 white & 7 black
the probability that either A or B fails is balls . one ball is drawn at random . Then the
a) 0.38 b) 0.44 c) 0.50 d) 0.94 probability that the ball drawn is not a black is
a) 11 b) 12 c) 13 d) 16
39) A and B are two candidates seeking 23 23 23 23
admission in IIT. The probability that A is
selected is 0.5 and the probability that both A 49) A bag contains 7 white , 5 black & 4 red . If
and B are selected at most 0.3. The probability two balls are drawn at random from the bag .
of B getting selected cannot exceed. Then the probability that one is black & other is
a) 0.6 b) 0.7 c) 0.8 d) 0.9 red ball is
a) 1/6 b) 1/5 c) 1/4 d) 1/3
40) The probability that at least one of A and B
occurs is 0.6. If A and B occurs simultaneously 50) Two dice are thrown. The probability that
with probability 0.3 then P  A'   P  B'  is the number appeared have a sum 8 if it is
known that the second dice always exhibits 4,is
a) 0.9 b) 1.1 c) 1.15 d) 1.2
a) 5/6 b)1/6 c) 2/3 d) 1/5
41) A man is known to speak the truth 3 out of
51) A uniform dice is thrown. Find the
4 times. He throws a die and reports that it is a
probability of a score greater than 2 or less
six. The probability that it is actually a six is
than 5 is
3 1 3 3
a) b) c) d) a) 1/3 b) 1 c) 1/6 d) 5/6
8 5 4 7
52) Two fair dice are thrown , then the
42) If P  A1  A2   1  P  A1c  P  A2c  where c probability that the sum of the scores on their
stands for complement, then the events upper face is either a perfect square or even
A1 and A2 are number is
a) Mutually exclusive b) Independent a) 13 b) 11 c) 19 d) 7
18 18 18 18
c) Equally likely d) None of these
53) There are 100 lottery tickets numbered
43) If P  A  1/ 3, P  B   1/ 2 and from 1 to 100 . One of them is drawn at
P  A  B   5 / 6 then events A and B are random . Then the probability that the drawn
ticket has number which is a perfect square is
a) Mutually exclusive a) 0.1 b) 0.3 c) 0.2 d) 0.7
b) Independent as well as mutually
exhaustive
54) A box containing 10 bulbs, 4 are defective .
c) Independent d) Dependent only on A.
If 3 bulbs are selected at random . Then the
probability that at least one of these three
44) A box contains 25 tickets numbered 1 to bulbs is non defective is …
25.Two tickets are drawn at random . The
probability of their product being even is a) 23 b) 29 c) 31 d) 21
30 30 30 30
a) 11 b) 13 c) 37 d) 9
50 50 50 50
55) In a box of 10 electric bulbs, two are
defective. Two bulbs are selected at random.
45) A room has 3 electric lamp . From a
One after the another from the box, the first
collection of 12 bulbs of which 6 are good ,
bulb after the selection being put back in the
gvv3 bulbs are selected at a random & put
box before making the second selection. The
in the lamps . Then the probability that the
probability that both bulbs are without defect is
room is lighted from all three lamps is
a) 1/11 b) 2/11 c) 3/11 d) 4/11 a) 9 b) 16 c) 4 d) 8
25 25 5 25
56) A coin is tossed successively three times. 66) A, B & C fire at a target at the same time ,
The probability of getting exactly one head or 2 the probabilities that A , B C can hit the target
heads, is are 2 , 3 & 1 respectively. then the probability
1 1 3 3 4 2
a) b) c) d) None that exactly two of them can hit the target is
4 2 4
a) 11/24 b) 10/24 c) 9/24 d) 7/24
57) If out of 20 consecutive whole numbers two 67) A speaks truth in 40 % & B speaks truth 60
are chosen at random, then the probability that % cases. They are likely to contradict each
their sum is odd, is other while stating the same fact . Then the
5 10 9 percentage that only A speak truth is
a) b) c) d) None a) 14% b) 15% c) 16% d) 13%
19 19 19
68) A bag contains 5 white & 4 black balls &
58) A card is drawn at random from a well another bag contains 4 white & 6 black balls .
shuffled pack of 52 cards. What is the One ball is transferred from the first bag to the
probability of getting a queen, a king or an ace second bag & then a ball is drawn from the
of any suit ? second bag. Then the probability that it is a
5 3 4 12 white ball is
a) b) c) d)
13 13 13 13 a) 40 b) 41 c) 42 d) 43
99 99 99 99

59) One urn contain 3 white & 7 red balls & the 69) A committee of five is to be chosen from a
other contains 10 white & 6 red balls .One group of 9 people. The probability that a certain
ball is drawn at random from each urn . married couple will either served together or
Then the probability that both of them are not at all is
of the same colour is a) 1/2 b) 5/9 c) 4/9 d) 2/3
a) 7/20 b) 8/20 c) 9/20 d) 11/20
70) For two events A and B, if P  A  P  A / B  
60) Three cards are drawn at random from a
pack of 52 cards .Then P( 2 kings & 1 ace) is 1/4 and P  B / A  1/ 2, then
a)
6
b)
5
c)
4
d)
3 a) A and B are independent
5525 5525 5525 5525 b) P  A '/ B   3/ 4
c) P  B '/ A '  1/ 2 d) All of these
61) Three urn contains respectively 3 white &
2 black , 2 white & 3 black balls , 1 white & 4
black balls . One ball is drawn at random from 71) A five digit number is formed by writing the
each urn . Then the probability that the digits 1, 2,3, 4,5, in a random order without
selection contain at least one white ball is repetitions. Then the probability that the
100 101 102 number is divisible by 4 is
a) b) c) d) 103
125 125 125 105 a) 3/5 b) 18/5 c) 1/5 d) 6/5

62) A card is drawn at random from a pack of 72) A five digit number is formed by writing the
52 playing cards . Then the probability that the digits 1, 2,3, 4,5, in a random order without
card drawn is not of diamond is repetitions. Then the probability that the
a) 2/4 b) 3/4 c) 1 d) 1/3 number is divisible by 4 is
a) 3/5 b) 18/5 c) 1/5 d) 6/5
63) If the probability that A wins the race is 2.
5 ANSWER KEY
& probability that B does not win the race is 2 Q A Q A Q A Q A Q A
5
Then the probability that only B wins is 1 a 2 c 3 d 4 b 5 c
a) 8/25 b) 9/25 c) 10/25 d) 7/25 6 a 7 a 8 b 9 c 10 b
11 c 12 b 13 a 14 c 15 a
64) Three boys Ramesh , Ganesh & Mahesh 16 a 17 a 18 a 19 a 20 a
were given a problem of arithmetic to solve. 21 b 22 a 23 b 24 b 25 a
The probabilities of solving it by Ramesh , 26 b 27 a 28 c 29 30 c
Ganesh and Mahesh are 0.2, 0.7, 0.6 31 b 32 b 33 b 34 c 35 a
respectively. Then P( problem is solved ) is 36 b 37 a 38 b 39 c 40 c
a) 0.905 b) 0.906 c) 0.907 d) 0.904 41 a 42 b 43 a 44 c 45 a
46 d 47 c 48 d 49 a 50 b
65) An urn contains 12 red & 19 yellow balls. 51 52 b 53 a 54 b 55 b
One ball is drawn, its colour is noted and kept 56 c 57 b 58 b 59 60
aside. Then a second ball is drawn. The 61 b 62 b 63 b 64 d 65 c
probability that the second ball is red given that 66 a 67 c 68 69 c 70 d
the first ball is yellow. 71 c 72 c
a) 3/5 b) 2/5 c) 1/5 d) 4/5