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Relational algebra – solved exercise

Question:
Consider the following relational database schema consisting of the four relation schemas:
passenger ( pid, pname, pgender, pcity)
agency ( aid, aname, acity)
You can share your articles
flight (fid, fdate, time, src, dest) questions, etc on any of the
computer science subjects
booking (pid, aid, fid, fdate) clicking the above IMAGE

Answer the following questions using relational algebra queries;

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Solution: RDBMS Exam and Interview Q

Quiz Questions and Answers
Other Computer Science Subje
Relational algebra operators:
Parallel Databases
σ – selection with conditions (It selects all tuples that satisfies the conditions. Shows entire table ADBMS Quizzes
with respect to the structure) Advanced DBMS Concepts
Distributed Databases
Π – projection operator (It selects the attributes which are listed here)
Advanced Database Concepts
⨝ - natural join operator (Binary operator that join two relations on common attributes’ values) Links to Useful Video Lectures
SQL
-, ∪, and ∩ - set operators (difference, union and intersection) DBMS, ADBMS Question Bank
Animations, Graphics, and Vide
Modern Databases - Special Pu
Databases
Most of the following queries can be written in many different ways.
Object Based Database System
Miscellaneous
Privacy policy
a) Get the complete details of all flights to New Delhi.
Natural Language Processing

σ destination = “New Delhi” (flight) Vellore Institute of Technology

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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ranked within top 200 in Asia (

University Rankings 2022.
Seven Subjects of VIT are rank
World University Ranking by Su
b) Get the details about all flights from Chennai to New Delhi. 2021.
12th best research institution of
(NIRF Ranking, Govt. of India 2
σ src = “Chennai” ^ dest = “New Delhi” (flight) NAAC Accreditation with highes
the last three consecutive cycle
Recognized as Institution of
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eminence(IoE), Govt. of India.

Labels
c) Find only the flight numbers for passenger with pid 123 for flights to Chennai before 06/11/2020.
Normalization
Π fid (σ pid = 123 (booking) ⨝ σ dest = “Chennai” ^ fdate < 06/11/2020 (flight)) Database Quizzes
Machine Learning Qu
Distributed Database (52) N
Data Structures (41) Quest
[Hint: Given conditions are pid, dest, and fdate. To get the flight id for a passenger given a pid, we (36) NLP Quiz Questio
Transaction Managemen
have two tables flight and booking to be joined with necessary conditions. From the result, the flight Solved Exercises (34) ER M
id can be projected] DBMS Question Paper (29)
Real Time Database (22) Min
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (20) Parallel Database (17) Ind
Normal Forms (16) Object Data
2PC Protocol (13) NLP solved ex
natural language processing
d) Find the passenger names for passengers who have bookings on at least one flight. Storage Access Exercises (12) SQ
(12) Concurrency Control (11) De

Π pname (passenger ⨝ booking) Distributed Database Quiz (9) Se

(9) Transaction (8) ACID (7)
Languages (7) Intraoperation Par
Distributed Lock Manager (4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transaction (4) File organization
Processing (4) Fragmentation (3) Trigg

e) Find the passenger names for those who do not have any bookings in any flights.

Π pname ((Π pid (passenger) - Π pid (booking)) ⨝ passenger)

[Hint: here applied a set difference operation. The set difference operation returns only pids that have
no booking. The result is joined with passenger table to get the passenger names.]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

f) Find the agency names for agencies that located in the same city as passenger with passenger id
123.

Π aname (agency ⨝ acity = pcity (σ pid = 123 (passenger)))

[Hint: we performed a theta join on equality conditions (equi join) here. This is done between details
of passenger 123 and the agency table to get the valid records where the city values are same. From
the results, aname is projected.]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

g) Get the details of flights that are scheduled on both dates 01/12/2020 and 02/12/2020 at 16:00
hours.

(σ fdate = 01/12/2020 ^ time = 16:00 (flight)) ∩ (σ fdate = 02/12/2020 ^ time = 16:00

(flight))
[Hint: the requirement is for flight details for both dates in common. Hence, set intersection is used
between the temporary relations generated from application of various conditions.]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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9/4/23, 12:10 PM Computer Science and Engineering - Tutorials, Notes, MCQs, Questions and Answers: Relational algebra in database manageme…

h) Get the details of flights that are scheduled on either of the dates 01/12/2020 or 02/12/2020 or
both at 16:00 hours.

(σ fdate = 01/12/2020 ^ time = 16:00 (flight)) ∪ (σ fdate = 02/12/2020 ^ time = 16:00

(flight))
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

i) Find the agency names for agencies who do not have any bookings for passenger with id 123.

Π aname (agency ⨝ (Π aid (agency) – Π aid (σ pid = 123 (booking)))

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

j) Find the details of all male passengers who are associated with Jet agency.

Π passengers.pid, pname, pcity (σ pgender = “Male” ^ aname = ‘Jet’ (passengers

⨝ booking ⨝ agency))
[Hint: To get the link between passengers and agency, we need to join all three tables passengers,
booking, and agency with necessary condition. Here, agency links both passengers and agency. As we
have performed natural join operation between all three tables, the degree of the result will consist of
all attributes from all the three tables. Hence, we project only passengers details as these are
mentioned as required.]

*************
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4 comments:

Anonymous October 24, 2022 at 1:49 AM

Is that last RA query wrong ? .. I think you forgot to filter upon the Jet agency

Reply

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9/4/23, 12:10 PM Computer Science and Engineering - Tutorials, Notes, MCQs, Questions and Answers: Relational algebra in database manageme…

Replies

Anonymous October 27, 2022 at 8:29 PM

Thanks. Corrected

Reply

Anonymous January 25, 2023 at 11:43 PM

OMG THANK YOU SO MUCH

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Anonymous March 7, 2023 at 7:07 AM

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