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The document discusses block diagram reduction techniques to obtain a transfer function of a control system. It provides theory on transfer function and state variable approaches, and rules for reducing block diagrams. Examples are given of obtaining transfer functions for systems connected in series, feedback, and with multiple feedback loops.

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8 views

Exp1 Updated

The document discusses block diagram reduction techniques to obtain a transfer function of a control system. It provides theory on transfer function and state variable approaches, and rules for reducing block diagrams. Examples are given of obtaining transfer functions for systems connected in series, feedback, and with multiple feedback loops.

Uploaded by

H M BRUNDA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Expt1: Implement Block diagram reduction technique to obtain transfer function of a

control system

Theory:

Implement Block diagram reduction technique to obtain transfer function a control system.

1. Transfer Function Approach


2. State Variable Approach

The block Diagram reduction rule is a very helpful method for the determination of the
transfer function of a complex system.

 Block diagrams are pictorial representation of a control system.


 It is used to build a mathematical model of a control system which can be emulated on
a computer.
 It is used to calculate the overall Transfer Function of the system.
I/P Transfer O/P
Function

Summing Point: It’s a junction in a block diagram represents the dynamic summation of two
or more signals.

Take-off/Pick-off/Branch point: It represents a point where the signal branches out and
goes concurrently to the other blocks or summing points.
Rules for reduction of block diagram

Rule1: Representation of a closed loop system

Rule 2: If the blocks are in cascade then

Rule 3: if the blocks are in parallel then, the blocks are added or subtracted depending on the
summing point signal.

Rule 4: moving the take-off point after the block

Rule 5: moving the take-off point before the block


Rule 6: Moving the summing point after/beyond the block

Rule 7: Moving the summing point behind (before) the block

a) Two systems connected in series (Cascaded):

G1(s)=
R(s) C(s)

clc
clear all
close all
numg1=[1 1];
deng1=[20 0 1];
numg2=[1 1];
deng2=[1 2];
[num, den]=series(numg1,deng1,numg2,deng2);
printsys(num,den)

Output:
b) Two systems connected in feedback :

Code:

numg1=[1 1];
deng1=[20 0 1];
numh=[1 1];
denh=[1 2];
[num, den]=feedback(numg1,deng1,numh,denh,-1);
printsys(num,den)

Result:

C. System with multiple feedback loops:


MATLAB Code:

clc
clear all
close all
n1=[1];
d1=[1];
n2=[1]
d2=[1 1];
n3=[1]
d3=[1 2];
n4=[1]
d4=[1 3];
n5=[4];
d5=[1];
n6=[8];
d6=[1];
n7=12
d7=[1];
nblocks=7;
blkbuild
q=[1 0 0 0 0
2 1 -5 0 0
3 2 -6 0 0
4 2 -6 3 -7
53000
63000
7 4 0 0 0]
input=1
output=4
[aa bb cc dd]=connect(a,b,c,d,q,input,output)
[num den]= ss2tf(aa,bb,cc,dd)
printsys(num,den)

Result:
Assignment:

G1=1/S^2+S, G2=1/S+1, G3= S^2 +1 / S^2+4S+4, G4= S+1/S+6

h1= S+1/S+2, h2= 2/s , h3=1/s

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