Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Optimization

Vol. 15, Issue. 1, No.10 : 2024

ISSN : 1906-9685

ADVANCED IOT BASED ENERGY

METERING SYSTEM FOR MICROGRID
Dr. D. KUMARASWAMY1 B.PRASHANTH2 B.CHENNAKESHAVULU3 B.RAJESH4
M.RAKESH5
1
Professor and HOD Department of EEE, SVS Group of Institutions, Bheemaram, Warangal, T.S- India

2,3,4,5
UG students, Department of EEE, SVS Group of Institutions, Bheemaram, Warangal, T.S- India

Abstract: As an alternative to conventional power customers' lack of awareness of their own energy use
grids, microgrids provide environmentally friendly is the primary factor contributing to the
energy options. There aren't many smart meter users ineffectiveness of energy monitoring. The only way
out there right now. In the past, smart meters they will know how much power they used is when
primarily served to set up a bichannel communication they get their bills. Just about every two months or
system, with one channel informing end users of their so, customers in India get their invoices. Thus,
electricity bills through GSM modules and the other consumers will not have access to any information
channel providing energy data and other relevant during this period. in relation to their energy use.
information to the utility company that supplies the These days, everyone uses power digitally, so no one
power. One of the main changes made to this project will bother to look at their meter and compare it to
is the elimination of two-way communication in past readings to see how much they use. You have to
favor of storing all data on a single server in the do this many times a month if you want to keep the
cloud. Thanks to an upgrade that makes use of the energy use under control. A huge step forward in
smart energy meter IC's features, the server now energy management would be if consumers could
automatically detects and protects loads from line monitor their energy use not with an energy meter but
transients like overvoltage, undervoltage, and with a laptop or mobile device. Being able to monitor
overcurrent. Users and the relevant utility can access one's energy use online from any location would be
this data in real-time from any location in the world. really useful, especially since most people are now
online all the time. In this study, we provide a
Keywords: IOT, Energy metering, Sensor networks, concept-based approach to reading energy meters that
Real-time monitoring. measure electrical consumption. Every single step of
this method must be carried out many times monthly.
I. INTRODUCTION
A huge step forward in energy management would be
We are presently seeing one of the most pressing if consumers could monitor their energy use not with
global crises: the energy emergency. The optimal an energy meter but with a laptop or mobile device.
approach to this challenge, instead of generating Being able to monitor one's energy use online from
additional energy, is to maximize the use of the any location would be really useful, especially since
energy that is now accessible. By keeping a close eye most people are now online all the time. In this study,
on our energy use and cutting down on waste, we can we provide a concept-based approach to reading
lessen the likelihood of energy crises. However, energy meters that measure electrical consumption.
 2869 JNAO Vol. 15, Issue. 1, No.10 :
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II. EXISTING PROBLEMS By using cutting-edge technology, especially the
Internet of Things (IoT), smart energy metering has
Microgrids equipped with smart Internet of Things become a game-changing method for managing
(IoT) energy metering devices and load control energy use. For smart energy metering to work,
algorithms provide a potential solution to the problem intelligent meters equipped with real-time monitoring
of inefficient energy use. The difficulty of capabilities must be put in place. This will enable
incorporating state-of-the-art technology into energy accurate and up-to-the-minute tracking of energy use.
management is, nevertheless, underscored by the One fundamental element of smart energy meters is
persistence of a number of obstacles. Data generated their capacity to initiate two-way communication.
by these technologies raises concerns about privacy This paves the way for the meter and the utility
and security. The collection and transmission of company to have a two-way conversation, allowing
sensitive energy usage data by IoT devices gives rise the former to receive signals or instructions and the
to valid worries over the likelihood of unwanted latter to remotely access real-time data.
access and breaches. Stringent security measures are Consequently, real energy usage-based invoicing is
necessary to guarantee the privacy and authenticity of now accurate, and estimate mistakes are no longer an
this data. There is a direct correlation between the issue, thanks to the removal of human readings. In
reliability and accuracy of the data and the efficacy of addition to improved accuracy and precision, smart
load management algorithms. Precise measurement is meters also enable remote administration. Many
essential for preserving the micro grid's whole functions of smart meters allow utility providers to
efficiency and avoiding less-than-ideal options. operate them remotely, doing away with the need to
Problems with interoperability develop when a micro physically visit each house.
grid's many components and devices are linked. It is
important to prepare ahead when integrating meters, IT’S IMPORTANCE:
controllers, and sensors that use different
communication protocols. As micro grid Provides precise and real-time data for accurate
infrastructure expands, scalability becomes a critical billing based on actual energy consumption.
issue. Adapting IoT-based systems to manage rising
Enables seamless interaction between consumers and
data volume and a growing number of devices
utilities, supporting remote data reading and
requires deliberate planning to avoid scalability
instructions.
concerns. Microgrid infrastructure is expanding.
Internet of Things devices, which rely on intermittent Balances energy loads and addresses peak demand,
power sources, have it especially tough when it contributing to more efficient grid operations.
comes to energy harvesting and power provision.
Establishing a steady and sustainable power supply Empowers consumers to make informed decisions,
for these devices is crucial to retain the reliability and promoting energy efficiency and conservation
continuous nature of data collecting. Load practices.
management algorithms cannot function without real-
time data.Microgrid infrastructure is expanding. Reduces operational costs by allowing utilities to
Internet of Things devices, which rely on intermittent perform tasks such as service activation and issue
power sources, have it especially tough when it troubleshooting remotely.
comes to energy harvesting and power provision.
Integral to smart grid initiatives, providing valuable
Establishing a steady and sustainable power supply
data for better grid management and optimization.
for these devices is crucial to retain the reliability and
continuous nature of data collecting. Load Offers detailed information to consumers, fostering
management algorithms cannot function without real- transparency and enabling proactive steps to reduce
time data. costs.
SMART ENERGY METERING AND ITS
IMPORTANCE:
 2870 JNAO Vol. 15, Issue. 1, No.10 :
2024
Contributes to sustainability goals by analyzing data measurements are sent to the cloud storage
to reduce the environmental impact of energy (Thingspeak), where they are saved and analyzed
consumption. visually. The 8-channel relay module is connected to
the Arduino Mega to complete the home equipment
Facilitates participation in programs that encourage monitoring.
consumers to adjust energy usage during peak
demand. III. PROPOSED WORK & EXPLANATION

III. LITERATURE REVIEW PROBLEM STATEMENT:

Paper Name: IOT Based Smart Meter. Our creation of a Smart IOT-based energy metering
system with a load control algorithm was driven by
Author Name: Abdullah Irfan, Syed Zulqadar the urgent need to tackle significant challenges in the
Hassan∗,Rohan Ahmed, Irfan Ishaq, Amir Zahoor, current energy industry and micro grid management.
Tasawar Murtaza,Muhammad Farhan Masood Year: The fundamental inefficiency of traditional energy
2019 metering systems arises from their inability to
provide real-time data and insights into usage
Summary: Everyone from businesses to households
patterns. To solve this, we urgently want a high-tech
may benefit from a smart meter. In order for the
system that ensures continuous and precise
owner of the grid to have access to this data, monitor
monitoring. Both utility companies and their
it, and take appropriate action (if necessary), the
customers will be able to save energy and save costs
meter must collect data, display it, and update or
thanks to this. Microgrids are becoming more and
upload it to the cloud. The Uno and Mega boards
more common, but they don't have very good
from Arduino are used to construct the models.
monitoring and control systems, so it's not easy to
Bluetooth modules allow for wireless
make sure that energy is distributed evenly, used up,
communication, and circuits are created to represent
and stable. In order to enhance efficiency and
the system's actual functions. Using the user's Wi-Fi
reliability, the proposed system difficulties center on
or cellular network, the device measures and displays
these micro grid management concerns and provide
their power usage, which is then sent to the cloud.
intricate solutions.overall steadiness as a result of
Paper Name: NPP: IOT based totally Energy Meter underdeveloped control and monitoring systems.
with Smart Monitoring of Home Appliances Issues with micro grid management are at the heart of
the proposed system difficulties, which provide
Author Name: Vishnukant V. Gavhane, Mayuri R. intricate solutions to boost efficiency and reliability
Kshirsagar, Ganesh M. Kale, Shubham Katangle, Dr. (SVS EEE 13). Our creation of a Smart IOT-based
S. B.Deosarkar Year: 2021 energy metering system with a load control algorithm
was driven by the urgent need to tackle significant
Summary: The machine is primarily controlled by an challenges in the current energy industry and micro
Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller. This project's grid management. The fundamental inefficiency of
capabilities include two types of tools: an IoT-based traditional energy metering systems arises from their
home appliance monitoring system and a power inability to provide real-time data and insights into
meter with a virtual display. The microcontroller is usage patterns. To solve this, we urgently want a
linked to a voltage sensor (ZMPT101B) and a state- high-tech system that ensures continuous and precise
of-the-art sensor (ACS712) for the purpose of the monitoring. Both utility companies and their
strength meter. The price is determined by stating the customers will be able to save energy and save costs
values and then measuring the devices with the thanks to this.
matching values. We are bringing a flame sensor and
a relay as a fire protection precaution. Use it if PROPOSED SYSTEM:
anything goes wrong, like a short circuit. The sixteen
by two LCD module displays the output that was The major issues in the energy industry and micro
produced. Through Wi-Fi, the collected grid management is provided by the suggested Smart
 2871 JNAO Vol. 15, Issue. 1, No.10 :
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IOT-based energy metering system with a load
management algorithm. The suggested system, which
consists of several linked parts, intends to completely
change how energy is used, controlled, and observed.

The system requires that sensors and meters be

carefully chosen in order to efficiently monitor
energy parameters within the micro grid. Current and
voltage sensors, in conjunction with smart meters, are
selected to deliver precise and instantaneous data.
These gadgets follow IOT protocols and have
communication capabilities for easy integration.
Fig 1 shows the image of circuit diagram
The suggested system makes use of effective data
transfer protocols like MQTT, COAP, or other In order to measure the voltage and current in an AC
Internet of Thing’s standards. This guarantees circuit, the connection diagram shows a simple setup
seamless and instantaneous communication between including an ESP32 microcontroller, a ZMPT101B
the wide range of IOT devices inside. Voltage Sensor, and an SCT-013 Current Sensor.
These are the main connections that are involved in
IV. DESCRIPTION OF METHODOLOGY the arrangement. The SCT-013 Current Sensor and
the ZMPT101B Voltage Sensor share a single power
DESIGN OF CIRCUIT source; they are both powered by the 5V Vin pin of
the ESP32. We ensure a common ground reference
The schematic shows a simple configuration in which
by connecting the ground pins of these sensors to the
an ESP32 microcontroller is linked to two AC circuit
GND pin of the ESP32 at the same time. The ESP32
sensors, namely a ZMPT101B Voltage Sensor and an
receives its analog voltage signal from the
SCT-013 Current Sensor. These are the main
ZMPT101B Voltage Sensor via its analog output pin.
connections that are involved in the arrangement. The
Similarly, the analog output of the SCT013 Current
SCT-013 Current Sensor and the ZMPT101B
Sensor is linked to GPIO34 on the ESP32, which
Voltage Sensor share a single power source; they are
transmits the analog current signal.
both powered by the 5V Vin pin of the ESP32. We
ensure a common ground reference by connecting the V. BLOCK DIAGRAM
ground pins of these sensors to the GND pin of the
ESP32 at the same time. The ESP32 receives its The block diagram you provided shows a simplified
analog voltage signal from the ZMPT101B Voltage overview of a smart IOT-based energy metering
Sensor via its analog output pin. Similarly, the analog system with Blynk application.
output of the SCT013 Current Sensor is linked to
GPIO34 on the ESP32, which transmits the analog
current signal.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig 2 shows the image of BLOCK DIAGRAM of the

Circuit

The system comprises the following key components:

ESP32:
 2872 JNAO Vol. 15, Issue. 1, No.10 :
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The ESP32 combines Wi-Fi and Bluetooth things (IoT) energy meter facilitates an easy and
functionalities into a flexible microcontroller and user-friendly experience by drawing on the features
system-on-chip (SOC). Its adaptability and of the Blynk platform; in the end, it helps with
connection make it ideal for Internet of Things (IOT) sustainability and encourages energy efficiency.With
applications; it was developed by Espressif Systems this connection, users are better able to participate in
and has a dual-core CPU and many peripheral and monitor their energy use, which in turn promotes
connectors. proactive energy management and conservation
efforts. This smart Internet of things (IoT) energy
The ZMPT101B is a module that measures meter facilitates an easy and user-friendly experience
alternating current (AC) voltage. It is well-suited for by drawing on the features of the Blynk platform; in
uses requiring non-invasive voltage measurements the end, it helps with sustainability and encourages
and finds widespread use in electrical projects. This energy efficiency.
module is perfect for monitoring and controlling a
wide range of applications because to its scaled VII. SIMULATION DIAGRAM
analog output that is proportionate to the input AC
voltage.

VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

An effective method for controlling and monitoring

power use is created by combining the Internet of
Things (IoT) with the Blynk platform in an intelligent
IoT-based energy meter. Important system
characteristics such as voltage, current, and power
use are measured by sensors integrated within the
energy meter. Thanks to its Internet of Things (IoT)
capabilities, the microcontroller interprets these
measures and makes it possible to connect to the
Blynk cloud platform, where data may be securely
sent in real-time. Installing the Blynk app on
consumers' mobile devices provides the user interface
for interacting with the energy meter. Access real-
time statistics on energy use and take charge of your
power consumption with this app's user-friendly Fig.3 Advanced IOT based energy metering system
design. Users can set thresholds, get alerts, and keep for microgrid simulation diagram.
tabs on their energy use from anywhere using the
Blynk app. In particular, this integration's ability to
allow for remote device management, the creation of
energy-saving plans, and the receipt of notifications BLYNK RESULTS:
based on predetermined criteria are noteworthy. The
With a focus on simplicity and ease of use, Blynk is a
Blynk app acts as a command center, allowing users
platform that allows for the construction of IOT
to regulate their energy use from anywhere with an
applications. You can create smartphone apps to
internet connection. Users are better able to make
track and manage your hardware projects with no
educated choices about their power use when they
coding experience. Application for Blynk For all of
have access to previous data and insights into current
your IoT project needs, the Blynk app—which is
usage. Proactive energy management and
compatible with both Android and iOS—will be your
conservation are promoted by this integration, which
go-to interface. A variety of widgets allow you to
essentially increases user participation and control
keep tabs on and control all of your connected
over energy consumption. This smart Internet of
devices. The cloud Cloud computing is the backbone
 2873 JNAO Vol. 15, Issue. 1, No.10 :
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of Blynk's infrastructure. The Blynk Cloud facilitates
communication between the Blynk app and your
physical devices. Create a one-of-a-kind user
interface for your project by including widgets from
Widgets Blynk. You may find many examples, such
as buttons, sliders, displays, graphs, and more. A
Bibliography of Blynk Libraries from Blynk are Fig: 4.b shows the image ofWITH LOAD in Blynk
available for many different hardware platforms. application.
These include Arduino, Raspberry Pi, ESP32, and
many more. Using these libraries, integrating Blynk
into your projects is a breeze. Authentication Token
An individual authentication token is associated with
each Blynk project. You must have this token in
order to set up a protected link between your device
and the Blynk Cloud. A Bibliography of Blynk
Libraries from Blynk are available for many different
hardware platforms. These include Arduino,
Raspberry Pi, ESP32, and many more. Using these
libraries, integrating Blynk into your projects is a
breeze. Authentication Token An individual
authentication token is associated with each Blynk
project. In order to connect your hardware securely to
the Blynk Cloud, you will need this token. Using
these libraries, integrating Blynk into your projects is
a breeze. Authentication Token An individual
authentication token is associated with each Blynk
project. You must have this token in order to set up a
protected link between your device and the Blynk
Cloud. A Bibliography of Blynk Libraries from
Blynk are available for many different hardware
platforms. These include Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Fig : 5 (a) Daily Gross use of energy for the month of
ESP32, and many more. Using these libraries, September 2020. (b) Daily Gross use of energy for
integrating Blynk into your projects is a breeze. the first 17 days of November 2020. (c) Daily ross
Authentication Token An individual authentication use of energy for the first 17 days of November 2020
token is associated with each Blynk project. In order
GOOGLE SPREAD SHEET RESULTS:
to connect your hardware securely to the Blynk
Cloud, you will need this token.

Fig: 4.a. shows the image of WITHOUT LOAD in

Blynk application
 2874 JNAO Vol. 15, Issue. 1, No.10 :
2024

Figure 8 Shows the image of the Energy

Consumption parameters in spread sheet.

CONCLUSION

To conclude, a smart IOT-based energy metering

system employing the Blynk app enables real-time
monitoring of energy use via customisable
dashboards that provide users with immediate access
to crucial metrics. From any place with an internet
connection, users can monitor and control their
energy use with the help of the remote accessibility
function. The dashboards provide a user-friendly
interface that allows for the customization of various
Fig :6 Breakdown of net consumption based on metrics to be shown. Blynk is adaptable because to
weekdays. its user-friendly programming methodology and its
seamless connection with a range of IoT devices and
platforms. This makes it accessible to both rookie and
seasoned developers. The Blynk powered system
offers a sophisticated and versatile energy
management solution, meeting the needs of the
industry for smart and connected solutions. In
particular, this integration's ability to allow for
remote device management, the creation of energy-
saving plans, and the receipt of notifications based on
predetermined criteria are noteworthy. The Blynk app
acts as a command center, allowing users to regulate
their energy use from anywhere with an internet
connection. Users are better able to make educated
Fig 7(a) Half hourly Maximum Demand (Nov, 05 choices about their power use when they have access
2020). (b) Weekly Average Maximum SVS EEE 50 to previous data and insights into current usage.
Demand (Week 45). Proactive energy management and conservation are
 2875 JNAO Vol. 15, Issue. 1, No.10 :
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