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Modal Verbs: Can / Can't Must / Mustn't Have To / Don't Have To

The document discusses modal verbs including can, could, have to, must, mustn't, and don't have to. It provides examples of how to use each modal verb, explanations of their meanings, and practice questions.

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M Asif Adeli
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442 views24 pages

Modal Verbs: Can / Can't Must / Mustn't Have To / Don't Have To

The document discusses modal verbs including can, could, have to, must, mustn't, and don't have to. It provides examples of how to use each modal verb, explanations of their meanings, and practice questions.

Uploaded by

M Asif Adeli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODAL VERBS

can / can’t
must / mustn't
have to / don’t have to
MODAL VERBS: can
Subject Modal verb Main verb Phrase

I go to sleep.
you
he drink some water.
she
it can
eat some food.
we
you
they do some exercise.

Use the basic form of the main


verbs after the modal verbs.
MODAL VERBS: can

Statement Mike can whistle

cannot
Negation Mike whistle
can’t

Question Can Mike whistle ?


MODAL VERBS: can
CAN is used to indicate the possession of an ABILITY.

e.g. He can swim.


(He knows how to swim)
MODAL VERBS: can
CAN is used to indicate a present or future GENERAL
POSSIBILITY.

e.g. You can’t fly to the U.S.A. from Girona.


(It is not possible to fly to the U.S.A. because
there are regular flights from Girona)
MODAL VERBS: can
CAN are also used to ask for & give PERMISSION.

e.g. Can I speak to the patient just a few


minutes? No, you can’t
(You ask the doctor if he lets you
speak to the patient)
MODAL VERBS: can - ability
 Modal verbs are DEFECTIVE, they do NOT
have ALL verb TENSES.

PRESENT He can swim


He could swim
PAST He was able to swim

FUTURE He will be able to swim


MODAL VERBS: tenses
Tense forms do not always match a time.
We can go to the cinema this evening
PRESENT TENSE FORM FUTURE TIME

We could go to the cinema this evening


PAST TENSE FORM FUTURE TIME

Can - could : future


possibility, to make proposals
MODALS: can –
could – was able to
 Can: things we are able to do GENERALLY
and AT THE MOMENT.
 Amy can speak five languages.
 Look! I can see a deer behind those trees!
 Could: things we were able to do GENERALLY
in the past:
 Amy could speak three languages as a kid. (=
Amy was able to speak...)
 Could is not used for PARTICULAR occasions:
 He didn't speak a word of Chinese but he
managed to do all he needed = was able to do
MODALS: Your turn
can – could – be able to
 run 10 Km in an
hour (you, ?)

1.Can you run 10km


in an hour
2.Yes, I can 4. No,I can't
3. - So can I
- Me too 5. -Neither can I
Me either
MODALS: Your turn
can – could – be able to
Contribute to make a better world (we, ?)
Can we contribute to make a better world?
Pardon? A better world?
Yes, we can
No, we can't

So can we

Neither can we
MODALS: Your turn
can – could – be able to
How many languages speak as a child (you, ?)
1. How many languages could you speak as a
child?
I could speak three languages
when I was seven years old.
I could only
So could I Speak two
languages

Me too
MODALS: Your turn
can – could – be able to
 do all packing yesterday (you, ?)

1. Were you able to do all


packing yesterday?
2. Yes, I was. And you?
Were you able to finish?
3. No, I wasn't
4. Neither was I
(Me either)

Further practice: OGP, Unit 39


MODAL VERBS: have to
Subject Modal verb Main verb Phrase
I , you go to sleep.
we, they
have to drink some water.

eat some food.


he, she has to
it do some exercise.

Use the basic form of the main


verbs after the modal verbs.
MODAL VERBS: have to

You have to
Statement Mike has to study
You/Mike had to

You don’t have to


Negation Mike doesn’t have to study
You/Mike didn’t have to
Do you
Question Does Mike have to study ?
Did you/Mike
MODALS: Obligation - necessity
have to / must
In the present we use MUST and HAVE TO to say
that something is NECESSARY or OBLIGATORY.
MUST: strong recommendation or offer.
 You must be at home by 9 p.m.
 You must visit us at out house at the seaside!
 I have to work on Saturday morning.
MODALS: Obligation - necessity
have to / must
 Small difference in meaning, not always
evident in positive sentences.
 MUST: the speaker thinks it is necessary.
 You must tidy up all this mess right now.
 HAVE TO: necessary because of rules, laws
or external circumstances.
 I have to work today.
 Often both forms are possible:
 You must take your job seriously.
 You have to take your job seriously.
MODAL VERBS: must / have to
When referring to the past, we use only HAD TO.

e.g. Danny had to go to work yesterday.


MODAL VERBS: must/ have to
In the negative they have different uses.
MUSTN’T: prohibition.
e.g. You mustn’t take photos.
(It is prohibited to take photos)

DON’T HAVE TO: absence of necessity.


e.g. You don’t have to wear a
white coat.
(You don’t need to wear a coat)
MODAL VERBS: Your turn
must/ have to
Women must fight for their rights
all over the world.
Women have to fight for their
rights everywhere.

Women must be paid as much


as men for the same job.

Women have to get the same salary as men do.


MODAL VERBS: Your turn
must/ have to
 Do our homework in groups …
 Go to Jane's.

We have to do our homework
 in groups. I must go to
 Jane's.

 come back home before ten.

Ok but you must come back
home before 10.
MODAL VERBS: Your turn
mustn't / don't have to
You / drink alcohol.

You mustn't drink any alcohol

You / thank me for the add

You don't have to thank me


for the add.
MODAL VERBS: Your turn
mustn't / don't have to
 You / make love in the area.

You mustn't make love in the area.

 We / wear a uniform

We didn't have to wear a uniform at school

 We / pay for beer tomorrow.

You won't have to pay for beer tomorrow.


MODAL VERBS: Your turn
must/ have to
 FURTHER PRACTICE AND THEORY
 St's book, page 134-5: 5C, a-b
 OGP, Units 41, 42, 43
KEY TO St's book, page 135, 5C, a-b
●
5C, a. ●
5C, b.
●
1. mustn't
1.Jane has to work very hard 2. have to / must
●
2.Do you have to wear a uniform? 3. don't have to
●
3.My sister doesn't have to go to school 4. have to / must
●
4.Do I have to finish this now? 5. mustn't
●
5. We don't have to get up early tomorrow. 6. don't have to
●
6. Does Harry have to work tomorrow? 7. have to
●
7. We have to hurry or we'll be late. 8. don't have to
●

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