JS MECHANICS GR 11 REVISION

WORKSHEET
REVISION MECHANICS
QUESTION 1: MCQs

1.1
2015

(2)

1.2
2016

(2)

1.3
2015

(2)

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1.4
2015

(2)

1.5
2016

(2)

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1.6
2016

(2)

1.7
2016

(2)

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1.8
2016

(2)

1.9
2017

(2)

1.10
2017

(2)

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1.11
2017

(2)

1.12
2017

(2)

1.13
2018

(2)

1.14
2018

(2)

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1.15
2018

(2)

1.16
2018

(2)

[32]
QUESTION 2: DEFINITIONS & LAWS
Define the following:
2.1 Force diagram (2)
2.2 Free-body diagram (2)
2.3 Resultant or net force (2)
2.4 Normal force (2)
2.5 Frictional force (2)
2.6 Static friction (2)

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2.7 Kinetic friction (2)
2.8 Newton’s first law (2)
2.9 Newton’s second law (2)
2.10 Newton’s third law (2)
2.11 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation (2)
[22]
STRUCTURED QUESTIONS
3.1 Three forces, P, Q and R, of magnitudes 500 N, 200 N and 300 N
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respectively, act on a point O in the directions shown in the
diagram below.
The forces are NOT drawn to scale.

3.1.1 Refer to the information in the diagram above and give a reason
why forces P, Q and R are classified as vectors. (2)

3.1.2 Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant force,

either by CALCULATION or by ACCURATE CONSTRUCTION
AND MEASUREMENT.
(8)
(Use scale 10 mm = 50 N.)

[10]
3.2 A heavy object is lifted using two ropes and two pulleys, as
2016 shown in the diagram below. The two pulleys are a distance x
apart. The force FA, in rope A, is 730 N and the force FB, in rope
B, is 1 440 N. Rope A makes an angle of 70° with the horizontal
and rope B makes an angle of 10° with the vertical.

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3.2.1 Explain why the vector diagram of force FA, force FB and the
(2)
weight will NOT be a closed vector diagram.
3.2.2 Calculate the vertical component of FA. (2)
3.2.3 Calculate the horizontal component of FA. (2)
3.2.4 Calculate the maximum weight that force FA and force FB will be
(4)
able to lift from the ground. Show ALL calculations.
3.2.5 Explain why the rope and pulley system will be less effective if
the distance x between the pulleys is increased.
(2)
[12]
3.3 Block A, which is at rest on a horizontal rough surface, is used as
2017 an anchor to hold block B, with a mass of 56 kg, in the air at a
certain height above the ground. The two blocks are connected
with rope R, which makes an angle of 35° with the vertical. Block
B is suspended from the ceiling with cable C. Refer to the
diagram below.

Block A experiences a frictional force of magnitude 200 N. The

system is stationary.
3.3.1 What is the magnitude of the resultant force acting on block B? (1)
3.3.2 Draw a labeled free-body diagram indicating all the forces acting
(3)

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on block B.
3.3.3 Determine the horizontal component of the force in rope R (1)
3.3.4 Calculate the vertical component of the force in cable C. (4)
3.3.5 Calculate the angle θ between the cable and the ceiling. (2)
[11]
3.4 Two forces, of magnitudes 50 N and 80 N, act at a point on a
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Cartesian plane in the directions shown in the sketch below.

3.4.1 Give the correct term for the following description:

A single vector having the same effect as two or more vectors
(1)
together.
3.4.2 Calculate the magnitude of the vertical component of the 50 N. (2)
3.4.3 Calculate the Magnitude of the resultant (net) force. (5)
3.4.4 Calculate the Direction of the resultant (net) force. (2)
[10]

4.1 A constant force, F, pulls a 50 kg block at a constant speed over

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a rough horizontal surface, AB, as shown in the diagram below.
The coefficient of kinetic friction (μk) between the block and the
surface is 0,4.

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4.1.1 Draw a labeled free-body diagram showing ALL the forces acting
(4)
on the block.

4.1.2 Calculate the magnitude of the force F. (6)

4.1.3 Calculate the magnitude of the normal force. (2)

4.1.4 Calculate the magnitude of the frictional force. (2)

The same constant force, F, is now applied to the block over the
same rough horizontal surface as before, but in the direction
shown below.

4.1.5 Give a reason why the block will move slower than before. (2)

[16]
4.2. A hovering rescue helicopter has a container of supplies, with a
2016 weight of 1 960 N, hanging from a cable. The tension in the cable
is 2 100 N.

4.2.1 Draw a labeled force-diagram of ALL the forces acting on the

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container. (3)
4.2.2 Why does the container remain stationary despite the tension (2)
being greater than the weight?
There is an extra downward force (on the container created by
the blades of the helicopter)
Now the winch inside the helicopter starts to pull the container
upwards with an acceleration of 0,13 m·s-2 , while the helicopter
remains in its position.
4.2.3 Calculate the mass of the container. (2)
4.2.4 Calculate the magnitude of the tension in the cable while the
(4)
container is being pulled upwards.
After an acceleration of a few meters the container is pulled up at
a constant velocity of 0,8 m·s-1 .
4.2.5 What will be the magnitude of the tension in the cable while the
(1)
container moves upwards at a constant velocity?
[12]
4.3 Learners investigate the relationship between net force and
2017 acceleration by pulling a trolley across a surface which is slightly
inclined to compensate for friction.
The trolley is connected to different masses by a string of
negligible mass. The string passes over a frictionless pulley.
Refer to the diagram below.

Ticker-tape attached to the trolley passes through the ticker-

timer. The acceleration of the trolley is determined by analysing
the ticker-tape. The results of the net force produced by the
different masses and the acceleration of the trolley were recorded
in the table below.

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4.3.1 Write down a hypothesis for this experiment. (2)

4.3.2 Identify the independent variable. (1)
4.3.3 Identify the dependent variable. (1)
4.3.4 Use the graph paper on the ANSWER SHEET and draw a graph
of the acceleration versus net force.

(4)
4.3.5 Calculate the gradient of the graph. (3)
4.3.6 Use the gradient of the graph calculated in QUESTION 4.3.5 to

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determine the mass of the trolley. (2)

[13]
4.4 A box, with a mass of 45 kg, is pulled with a force of 90 N at an
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angle of 50º to the horizontal. The box moves at a CONSTANT
VELOCITY.

4.4.1 Calculate the magnitude of the horizontal component of the

(2)
applied force.
4.4.2 Calculate the magnitude of the normal force. (4)
4.4.3 Calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction. (4)
4.4.4 Will the coefficient of kinetic friction change if the angle of the
applied force is decreased? Write only YES or NO and give a
reason. (2)
[12]
5.1 In the diagram below, a 2 kg block is connected to a 1 kg block
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by means of a light in-extensible string. The blocks are pulled up
an inclined plane, which forms an angle of 28o to the horizontal.
The sides of the blocks which touch the inclined plane have the
same area.

The kinetic frictional force between the 1 kg block and the

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inclined plane is 4 N while the kinetic frictional force between the
2 kg block and the inclined plane is 8 N.

5.1.1 Draw a labeled free-body diagram showing ALL the forces acting
(5)
on the 1 kg block.

5.1.2 Calculate the magnitude of the tension in the string connecting (5)
the blocks.

The two blocks are interchanged so that the SAME 30 N force is

now acting on the 2 kg block along the inclined plane, as shown
in the diagram below.

5.1.3 How will the acceleration of the system change? Write down only
INCREASE, DECREASE or REMAIN THE SAME. (1)

5.1.4 How will the tension in the string connecting the two blocks
change? Write down only INCREASE, DECREASE or REMAIN
THE SAME. (1)

In the diagram below, a 1 kg mass and a 2 kg mass are

connected by an in-extensible string of negligible mass. The
string is passed over a light frictionless pulley so that the masses
hang down as shown. Initially the system is held stationary.

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5.1.5 Draw a labeled free-body diagram showing ALL the forces acting
(2)
on the 2 kg mass.

5.1.6 Calculate the time it will take the 1 kg mass to move a distance of
(7)
1 m when the system is released.

[21]
5.2 Two blocks, of mass 8 kg and 4 kg respectively, are joined with
2016 an inelastic string of negligible mass. The string runs over a
frictionless pulley. The 8 kg block is on a horizontal surface while
the 4 kg block is on an inclined plane of 40° with the
horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction for both blocks is 0,2.
The 4 kg block accelerates down the slope.

5.2.1 Draw a labeled free-body diagram of ALL the forces acting on the
(4)
4 kg block.
5.2.2 Calculate the frictional force between the surface and the 4 kg
(4)
block.
5.2.3 Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the system. (6)
5.2.4 How will the acceleration compare if the positions of the 8 kg
block and 4 kg block are switched? Choose from GREATER
THAN, LESS THAN or THE SAME. Explain the answer. (4)
[18]

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5.3 The force applied by the engine of the tow truck is 9 000 N. The
2017
mass of the tow truck is 1 300 kg and the mass of the car is
950 kg. The vehicles are connected to each other by an inelastic
tow bar of negligible mass. See the diagram below.

The tow truck and car move at a CONSTANT VELOCITY.

5.3.1 Draw a labeled free-body diagram indicating all the forces acting
(5)
on the tow truck.
If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the tow-truck tyres and
(5)
the road surface is 0,45.
5.3.2 Calculate the magnitude of the tension in the tow bar.
5.3.3 Calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction between the CAR tyres
(5)
and the road surface.
Suddenly the tow bar between the car and the tow truck
disconnects and the car comes loose.
5.3.4 Using a relevant law of motion, explain why the car continues
(3)
moving forward for a short distance.
5.3.5 Calculate the acceleration of the car as it comes to a stop after a
(3)
short distance.
[21]
5.4.1 Calculate the gradient of the graph. (3)
5.4.2 Hence, determine the net force applied on the object during the
(2)
experiment.
5.4.3 Write down a conclusion for this experiment. (2)
[7]
6.1 Gravitational force exists between the sun and the Earth.
2015

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6.1.1 The mass of the sun is 330 000 times greater than that of the
Earth. The distance between the centers of the sun and the Earth
is 1,38 x 109 m. (4)
Calculate the gravitational force that the sun exerts on the Earth.
6.1.2 How will the gravitational force that the Earth exerts on the Sun
compare to the answer to QUESTION 6.1.1? Write only
GREATER THAN, LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO. Give a reason
(2)
for the answer.
[7]
6.2 Two satellites orbiting the Earth are situated on opposite sides of
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the Earth. Satellite A has a mass of 3 800 kg and Satellite B has
a mass of 4 500 kg. Satellite A is at a height of 25 000 km above
the surface of the Earth.

6.2.1 Explain the term weightlessness. (2)

6.2.2 Calculate the force between the Earth and Satellite A. (4)
6.2.3 What distance above the surface of the Earth should Satellite B
be to experience the same force towards the Earth as Satellite A?
Choose from: GREATER THAN, LESS THAN or EQUAL TO the
(4)
distance above the Earth. Explain how you arrived at the answer
[10]
6.3. The acceleration due to gravity on planet X is 2,7 m∙s-2 . The
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radius of this planet is a third (⅓) of the radius of Earth.
6.3.1 Explain the difference between weight and mass. (2)
6.3.2 Calculate the mass of planet X. (4)
6..3.3 Determine the factor by which the weight of an object on planet X
(2)
will differ from the weight of the same object on Earth.
[8]

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6.4 The gravitational force on a probe, called Curiosity, on the
2018 surface of Mars is 3 338 N. The radius of Mars is 3 390 km and
the mass of the planet is 6,39 x 1023 kg.

6.4.1 Calculate the mass of the probe. (4)

6.4.2 Calculate the weight of the probe on Earth. (2)
[6]

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