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Mypdf

The document discusses internet programming and web development, covering topics like front-end development using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, back-end development using languages like PHP, Python, and Node.js, full-stack development, tools like Git and webpack, and best practices for responsive design, accessibility, security and performance.

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Enoch Kurr
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19 views

Mypdf

The document discusses internet programming and web development, covering topics like front-end development using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, back-end development using languages like PHP, Python, and Node.js, full-stack development, tools like Git and webpack, and best practices for responsive design, accessibility, security and performance.

Uploaded by

Enoch Kurr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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internet programming

**COM 223: Notes on Web Programming**

**Introduction:**
- Web programming involves the development of web applications, websites, and web services.
- It encompasses both front-end (client-side) and back-end (server-side) development, enabling interactive and
dynamic user experiences.

**Front-End Development:**
1. **HTML (HyperText Markup Language):**
- The standard markup language for creating web pages.
- Structures content using elements such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, and multimedia.

2. **CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):**


- Styles and layouts web pages, controlling visual presentation.
- Enables responsive design, adapting layouts to different screen sizes and devices.

3. **JavaScript:**
- A versatile scripting language for adding interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages.
- Commonly used for form validation, animations, and asynchronous content loading (AJAX).

4. **Frameworks and Libraries:**


- **React:** A JavaScript library for building user interfaces, particularly single-page applications (SPAs).
- **Angular:** A comprehensive framework for developing dynamic web applications.
- **Vue.js:** A progressive JavaScript framework for building user interfaces with an easy learning curve.

**Back-End Development:**
1. **Server-Side Languages:**
- **PHP:** Widely used for server-side scripting, powering many content management systems like
WordPress.
- **Python:** Popular for its readability and versatility, often used with frameworks like Django and Flask.
- **Node.js:** Enables server-side JavaScript programming, suitable for building scalable network
applications.
- **Ruby:** Known for its elegant syntax, used with the Ruby on Rails framework for rapid web application
development.

2. **Databases:**
- **SQL (Structured Query Language):** Manages and queries relational databases like MySQL,
PostgreSQL, and SQLite.
- **NoSQL:** Handles non-relational databases such as MongoDB, suitable for unstructured or
semi-structured data.

3. **Web Servers:**
- **Apache:** A widely-used open-source web server software.
- **Nginx:** Known for its high performance and ability to handle numerous concurrent connections.

4. **APIs (Application Programming Interfaces):**


- RESTful APIs and GraphQL are common methods for enabling communication between the front-end and
back-end.
- APIs allow different software systems to interact and exchange data efficiently.

**Full-Stack Development:**
- Full-stack developers are proficient in both front-end and back-end technologies.
- They can build complete web applications, handling everything from user interface design to server and
database management.

**Development Tools and Workflow:**


1. **Version Control:**
- Git is the standard tool for tracking changes in code and collaborating with other developers.
- GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket are popular platforms for hosting Git repositories.

2. **Package Managers:**
- **npm (Node Package Manager):** Manages JavaScript packages and dependencies.
- **yarn:** An alternative to npm, known for its speed and reliability.

3. **Build Tools:**
- **Webpack:** A module bundler for JavaScript applications, handling asset compilation and dependency
management.
- **Babel:** A JavaScript compiler that enables the use of next-generation JavaScript features.

4. **Development Environments:**
- Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) like Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text, and Atom provide
robust tools for coding, debugging, and testing.
**Best Practices:**
1. **Responsive Design:**
- Ensure web applications are usable on a variety of devices and screen sizes.
- Utilize media queries and flexible grid layouts.

2. **Accessibility:**
- Design web applications that are accessible to users with disabilities.
- Follow Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) to ensure inclusivity.

3. **Performance Optimization:**
- Minimize load times and improve application responsiveness.
- Techniques include lazy loading, code splitting, and optimizing images.

4. **Security:**
- Implement security measures to protect web applications from threats like SQL injection, cross-site scripting
(XSS), and cross-site request forgery (CSRF).
- Use HTTPS to secure data transmission.

**Conclusion:**
- Web programming is a dynamic field requiring knowledge of various technologies and practices.
- Staying updated with the latest trends and continuously learning is essential for success in web development.

*(End of notes)*

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