Example: Response Spectrum Analysis of a two Storey Structure

Building size = 100 125 ft² = 12500 ft²

Seismic Zone = 4
No. of Stories (r ) = 2
Ground storey height = 14.00 ft Beam Beam
Storey height (h ) = 12.00 ft Column Column
Live Load (Floor) = 80 psf
Live Load (Roof) = 20 psf Beam Beam
Floor finish = 32 psf Beam
Roof finish = 8 psf
Column Column
No. of Colmns/floor = 30 Beam Beam
No. of beams/floor = 12.25
Column (G floor) = 20 20 in² Direction of Seismic Force
Column (Roof) = 20 20 in²
Column (2nd floor) = 10 10 in²

Beams = 18 24 in²
m2
Infill wall = 0 in
Slab th. = 6 in
papet wall height = 0 ft
Soil condition = medium stiff m1 k2

Materials:
fc' = 3 ksi k1
fy = 60 ksi
Unit wt. (concrete) = 150 pcf
Unit wt. (masonry) = 125 pcf

1st floor Roof

Beam wt. / floor = 551.3 551.3 kip
Slab wt. / floor = 937.5 937.5 kip
Columns wt. / floor = 0 0 kip
Imp. DL /floor = 400 100 kip
LL / floor = 1000 250 kip
Wall wt. /floor = 0 0
Total / floor = 2888.8 1838.8 kip

Let m = 57.106 kips/g, & k= 37925 kip/ft

m1 = 2888.8 kip m1 = 1.57 m

m2 = 1838.8 kip m2 = 1 m
 G floor Roof 1m
Col. I = 0.643 0.643 ft4
Col. E = 449571 449571 ksf 1.59 k
1.57 m
k1 = 37925 kip/ft k1 = 1 k 1k
k2 = 60224 kip/ft k2 = 1.59 k
98149

Mass_matrix = m 1.57 0
0 1

Stiffness_matrix = k 2.59 -1.59

-1.59 1.59

k 2.59 -1.59 - m ω² 1.57 0 = 0

-1.59 1.59 0 1

2.59 -1.59 - m ωn² 1.57 0 = 0

-1.59 1.59 k 0 1

Let λn = m ωn² / k , ωn = √(λ k/m)

Using Goal Seek function find value of λn

Value of λn = 2.8892 λ1 = 0.3505 , ω1 = 15.2569 rad/sec , T1 = 0.41 sec

det.|[k]-λ[m]| = 0.0000 λ2 = 2.8893 , ω2 = 43.8045 rad/sec , T2 = 0.14 sec

Mode shape coeffecients φjn:

(φjn) = mode shape coeffecient at floor 'j' and mode 'n'

For mode n, the shape vector and corresponding value of λn are:

φjn = φ11 and λn = λ1 , λ 2

φ21

The charestic Equation is given as:

2.59-1.57 λn -1.59 φ1n 0

-1.59 1.59- λn φ2n = 0
Let φ21 = 1, by solving the above matrix we get:

for λ1 = 0.351 , 2.04 -1.59 φ11 = 0 φ21 = 1

-1.59 1.24 φ21 0 φ11 = 0.779
Similarly:
for λ2 = 2.889 , -1.946 -1.59 φ12 = 0 φ22 = 1
-1.59 -1.299 φ22 0 φ12 = -0.817

Mode 1 Mode 2
30.00 25

25.00

20

20.00

15

15.00

10

10.00

5.00

0.00 0
-1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5

𝑟 2
𝑗 =1 𝑊𝑗 ∅𝑗𝑛
Modal mass: 𝑀𝑛 = 2
See Chopra, Eq: 8.3.14, Eq: 8.4.12a, and Eq: 8.4.15
𝑟
𝑔 𝑗 =1 𝑊𝑗 ∅𝑗𝑛

j= storey level W j = weight at j th storey level

n = mode g = gravitational acceleration
r = No of floors
Mode 1
Weight Wj
φj1 Wj φj1 Wj (φj1 )2
storey level (kip)
1st floor 2888.8 0.779 2250.38 1753.04 M1 = 144.58 kip-sec2/ft
Roof 1838.8 1 1838.80 1838.80
Total 4727.6 4089.18 3591.84

𝑟
𝑗 =1 𝑊𝑗 ∅𝑗𝑛
Г𝑛 = 𝑟 2
𝑔 𝑗 =1 𝑊𝑗 ∅𝑗𝑛
 Mode 2
Weight Wj
φj2 Wj φj2 Wj (φj2 )2
storey level (kip)
1st floor 2888.8 -0.817 -2360.15 1928.24 M2 = 2.24 kip-sec2/ft
Roof 1838.8 1 1838.80 1838.80
Total 4727.6 -521.35 3767.04

Contribution of different modes M= 146.82 kip-sec2/ft

Mode 1 M1 / M= 98%
Mode 2 M2 / M= 2%
100%

Contribution of first mode is 98% > 90% therefore O.K. [UBC 97: 1631.5.2]

Modal Participation Factors:

𝑟
𝑗 =1 𝑊𝑗 ∅𝑗𝑛
Г𝑛 = 𝑟 2
See Chopra, Eq: 8.3.14 and Eq: 8.4.12a
𝑔 𝑗 =1 𝑊𝑗 ∅𝑗𝑛

= 1.1385
= -0.1384

BCP Reference
Z = 0.4 Zone 4, Table 5.9
= 1.10 ζ = 0.05 Assumed (typical RC Building)
Ca = 0.44 Table 5.16
Cv = 0.64 Table 5.17
R= 5.5 Table 5.13 or 5.15
Soil type = SD Table 4.1
Nv = 1 Table 5.19
Na = 1 Table 5.18

= 0.44

= 0.12s = 0.58s

Г𝑛 × ∅𝑗𝑛 × 𝑊𝑗 × 𝐴𝑛
 = 0.12s = 0.58s

Mode 1 Mode 2
T1 = 0.41 T2 = 0.14
Ca = 0.44 Ca = 0.44
Cv = 0.64 Cv = 0.64
Ts = 0.58 Ts = 0.58
To = 0.12 To = 0.12
Sa (g) = 1.1 Sa (g) = 1.1

Peak lateral force at floor j in mode k is given by:

Vjn = Г𝑛 × ∅𝑗𝑛 × 𝑊𝑗 × 𝐴𝑛 See Chopra, Eq: 8.4.15

I= 1 Sa1 = 1.1 g , A1 = 0.20 g/g

R = 5.5 Sa2 = 1.1 g , A2 = 0.20 g/g
g = 32.2 ft/s²

Storey shears at different floor levels:

Mode 1 Mode 2
V11 = 512.39 kip V12 = 65.33 kip
V21 = 418.68 kip V22 = -50.90 kip

Base shear for different modes

Mode 1 Mode 2
V1 = 931.07 kip V2 = 14.43 kip

Representation of force distribution on each floor

418.7 kip -50.9 kip

512.4 kip 65.3 kip

931.1 kip 14.4 kip