Solution to AM 33 HW 8

1. 6.1.2.  2
 t 0≤t≤1
f (t) = (t − 1)−1 1<t≤2

1 2<t≤3
Solution: f (t) is continous at [0,1) and (1,3]. ✷

2. 6.1.5. Find the Laplace transform of each of the following functions:

(a) t
(b) t2
(c) tn , where n is a positive integer.

Solution:

(a) f (t) = t
 ∞
Lf (t)(s) = e−st f (t)dt
0 ∞
= e−st tdt
0

1 ∞
= − tde−st
s 0
 ∞
1
= − (− e−st dt)
s 0
1 1
= ·
s s
1
=
s2

(b) for the case of f (t) = t2 , we discuss the more general case in (c).
(c) f (t) = tn , denote Ln = L(f (t)), then, with out putting the computing details here,
n
Ln = Ln−1
s
therefore,
n! n!
Ln = n
L0 = n+1
s s
✷

3. 6.1.14. Assuming the necessary integration formulas extend to complex case, find the Laplace
transformation of the given function; a and b are real constants.

f (t) = eat cos bt

1
 Solution:  ∞
eibt + e−ibt
L(f (t))(s) = e−st eat dt
0 2
 ∞  ∞
−st at ibt
e e e dt = e(a−s)t+ibt dt
0 0
−1
= s>a
(a − s) + ib
1
=
s − a − ib
therefore,
1 s−a
L(f (t))(s) = Re =
(s − a) − ib (s − a)2 + b2
✷
∞
4. 6.1.23 determine whether the given integral converges or diverges 1 t−2 et dt
Solution:

lim t−2 et = ∞
x→∞
, so, the integral diverges. ✷
5. 6.1.27. show that  ∞
−1/2 2 2
Lt =√ e−x dx, s>0
s 0

Lt−1/2 = π/s
√
π
Lt1/2 = 3/2
2s
Solution:
Referring to 2. (6.1.5), one can see :
Ltp = Γ(p + 1)/sp+1
where,  ∞
Γ(p + 1) = e−x xp dx
0
just by solely calculus, one can verify the following:
 ∞
Γ(1/2) = ex x−1/2 dx
0
 ∞
2
= 2 e−x dx
√0
= π (1)
Γ(p + 1) = pΓ(p) (2)

2
6. 6.2.2, 6.2.6, 6.2.7. Find the inverse Laplace transforms of the given functions
Solutions:

(a)
4 2
L−1 = 2L−1
(s − 1)3 (s − 1)2+1
= 2(t2 et )

(b)
2s − 3 2s 1
L−1 ( = L−1 ( ) − 3L−1 ( 2 )
s2 − 4 s2 − 4 s −4
s 3 2
= 2L−1 2 − L−1 2
s −4 2 s −4
3
= 2 cosh 2t − sinh 2t
2

2s + 1 2(s − 1) + 3
L−1 = L−1
s2 − 2s + 2 (s − 1)2 + 1
s−1 1
= 2L−1 2
+ 3L−1
(s − 1) + 1 (s − 1)2 + 1
= 2et cos t + 3et sin t

✷
7. 6.2.19. y (4) − 4y = 0; y(0) = 1, y  (0) = 0, y  (0) = −2, y  (0) = 0
Solution:
take Laplace transform on both sides of the eqn, we get

L(y (4) − 4L(y) = 0

while

Ly (4) = s4 L(y) − s3 y(0)

−s2 y  (0) − sy  (0) − y  (0)
= s4 L(y) − s3 + 2s

plug back to the eqn,

(s4 − 4)L(y) − s3 + 2s = 0
s(s2 − 2) s
L(y) = 4
= 2
s −4 s +2
therefore √
y = cos 2t