THEORY OF STRUCTURES

CE Refresher
THEORY OF STRUCTURES Situation 4: A continuous beam is loaded as shown in the figure. Use
Three-Moment Equation.
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following
questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box 18 kN 45 kN 30 kN
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided.
24 kN/m
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 1 only.
B
A E
MULTIPLE CHOICE C D
6m 3m 3m 2m 6m 4m
1. The structure shown in the figure is indeterminate to the
Pinned connection 12. Which of the following most nearly gives the moment at B?
E
a. -72.03 kN-m c. -87.09 kN-m
F b. -3.59 kN-m d. -120.00 kN-m
13. Which of the following most nearly gives the moment at C?
a. 72.03 kN-m c. 87.09 kN-m
b. 3.59 kN-m d. 120.00 kN-m
B C D
A 14. Which of the following most nearly gives the moment at D?
a. 72.03 kN-m c. 87.09 kN-m
a. first degree c. third degree b. 3.59 kN-m d. 120.00 kN-m
b. second degree d. fourth degree
Situation 5: A beam is loaded as shown in the figure. Use Three-
2. A simple beam of length 10 m is to be fabricated in the factory with Moment Equation Method.
a constant radius of curvature so that a camber of 35 mm is created
15 kN/m
at the midspan. E = 200 GPa and  = 300106 mm4. Which of the
following most nearly gives the radius of curvature of the beam?
a. 250.25 m c. 450.75 m D
A B hinge C
b. 150.65 m d. 357.16 m 2m 3m 1m

SITUATIONAL PROBLEMS
15. Which of the following most nearly gives the moment reaction at A?
Situation 1: A truss is loaded as shown in the figure. Assume AE = a. 40 kN-m c. 20 kN-m
10,000 N. b. 70 kN-m d. 30 kN-m

B C 16. Which of the following most nearly gives the reaction at the internal
10 N hinge at B?
a. 70 kN c. 40 kN
b. 30 kN d. 20 kN
17. Which of the following most nearly gives the deflection at D?
3m AE = constant a. 38.52/E c. 28.53/E
b. 32.58/E d. 35.28/E
Situation 6: Consider the simple beam with an overhang shown in the
D figure. The beam will carry a dead load of 8.40 kN/m and
A moving loads of 18 kN and 5.90 kN/m.
3m

A D
3. If the support at D is changed into a roller, which of the following B C
most nearly gives the horizontal displacement at D? 4m 4m 12 m
a. 14.49 mm c. 11.49 mm
b. 18.70 mm d. 7.51 mm 18. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum positive
4. Which of the following most nearly gives the horizontal reaction at shear at C?
D? a. 78.20 kN c. 85.00 kN
b. 75.20 kN d. 80.80 kN
a. 4.42 N c. 5.00 N
b. 2.48 N d. 6.93 N 19. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum shear just to
the left of B?
5. Which of the following most nearly gives the axial force in member
a. 75.20 kN c. 78.20 kN
AB?
b. 80.80 kN d. 85.00 kN
a. 5.00 N c. 2.48 N
b. 6.93 N d. 4.42 N 20. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum shear just to
the right of B?
Situation 2: A beam 12 m long, with left end fixed and right end simply
a. 139.55 kN c. 121.55 kN
supported, is loaded with a 30 kN-m counterclockwise
b. 148.55 kN d. 130.55 kN
moment at the simple support.
CE LICENSURE EXAMINATION
6. Which of the following most nearly gives the moment at the fixed
end? Situation 7: To prevent excessive deflection of a 3 m long cantilever
a. 7.50 kN-m c. 22.50 kN-m steel beam subjected to a load of 2 kN/m, its free end is
b. 15 kN-m d. 30.00 kN-m attached to a tension rod.
7. Which of the following most nearly gives the location of the Beam properties are as follows:
maximum deflection from the fixed end?
A = 1,900 mm2
a. 8m c. 10 m
b. 7m d. 9m  = 5.12  106 mm4
E = 200 GPa
8. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum deflection?
a. 150/E c. 160/E 21. What is the maximum beam deflection before attaching the tension
rod?
b. 180/E d. 120/E
a. 19.8 mm c. 2.1 mm
Situation 3: A prismatic beam (E = 160,000 kN-m2) is supported by b. 6.7 mm d. 52.4 mm
springs at B and C.
22. If the resulting tensile force in the rod is 2.50 kN when attached to
48 kN/m the beam, find the maximum moment at the fixed end.
a. 7.5 kN-m c. 1.5 kN-m
b. 2.25 kN-m d. 9.0 kN-m
C
A 4m B 2m 23. Determine the maximum span moment if the tension in the rod is
25 kN/m
30 kN/m

2.50 kN.
a. 1.56 kN-m c. 0.81 kN-m
b. 4.44 kN-m d. 5.94 kN-m
Situation 8: Refer to the figure below.
9. Which of the following most nearly gives the force in the spring at
B? C
a. 1,328.07 N c. 950.89 N
b. 1,196.84 N d. 804.40 N rod
W
10. Which of the following most nearly gives the force in the spring at L = 2.40 m
C?
a. 950.89 N c. 1,196.84 N B
b. 804.89 N d. 1,328.07 N A beam
1.50 m 1.50 m
11. If the spring at C is removed, which of the following most nearly
gives the deflection at C?
a. 48.41 mm c. 27.09 mm Beam properties
b. 22.75 mm d. 36.47 mm  = 198  106 mm4
E = 200,000 MPa

1 Dindo F. Esplana
 THEORY OF STRUCTURES
CE Refresher
Rod properties Situation 12: Refer to the figure below.
Diameter = 12 mm
E = 200,000 MPa A B C D

24. Due to the load, W, rod BC elongates by 1 mm. Find the force in 2.40 m
F G H
rod BC which caused the elongation. E
a. 14.1 kN c. 18.0 kN
J K L 2.40 m
b. 9.4 kN d. 4.5 kN

25. Due to the load, W, the force developed in rod BC is 12 kN. What is N O P 2.40 m
the value of W? M
a. 42.1 kN c. 48.5 kN 6m 6m 6m
b. 56.3 kN d. 34.9 kN
26. Due to the load, W = 40 kN, the force developed in rod BC = 10 kN. 1 PLAN
The diameter of rod BC is 16 mm. Find the moment at the fixed
end.
a. 90 kN-m c. 30 kN-m t
b. 15 kN-m d. 60 kN-m
Situation 9: A 6 m long beam on fixed ends carries a uniform load of 20 h
kN/m.
27. What is the moment at the left end?
a. 60 kN-m c. 30 kN-m b
b. 90 kN-m d. 120 kN-m
2 TYPICAL SECTION
28. Determine the maximum shear in the beam.
a. 45 kN c. 60 kN Total Dead Load, D = 4.90 kPa (beam weight
b. 30 kN d. 90 kN included)
Live Load, L = 2.90 kPa
29. How much is the beam deflection at midspan?
Longitudinal beams, EFGH and JKL are simply supported
Given: E = 200 GPa
at E, F, G, H and , J, K, L.
 = 7.1  107 mm4
For maximum forces, apply the following:
a. 3.92 mm c. 4.75 mm
b. 5.90 mm d. 2.45 mm 1. Pattern loadings of Live Load
2. Ultimate Load Combination, U = 1.4D + 1.7L
Situation 10: A 9 m high retaining wall is laterally supported at the top
36. What is the maximum reaction at E?
and fixed at the base. The wall resists active earth
pressure increasing from 0 at the top to 52 kN/m at the a. 76.4 kN c. 67.9 kN
b. 66.7 kN d. 71.5 kN
base per meter strip of length along the longitudinal axis.
37. Find the maximum reaction at F.
30. Determine the design moment at the base. Apply fixed end moment
a. 147.7 kN c. 203.7 kN
equations L2/30 at the top and L2/20 at the base. E value is
b. 186.8 kN d. 193.8 kN
constant throughout.
a. 280.80 kN-m c. 421.20 kN-m 38. What is the maximum shear at span FG?
b. 140.40 kN-m d. 702.00 kN-m a. 104.7 kN c. 99.0 kN
b. 90.8 kN d. 84.9 kN
31. If the lateral support at the top of the wall were removed, determine
the design moment at the base. Situation 13: A simply supported girder of a bridge spans 25 m. The
a. 281 kN-m c. 702 kN-m standard truck load (H load) consists of 2 moving loads,
b. 211 kN-m d. 1,404 kN-m 4.30 m apart. The loads are as follows: P1 = 35.60 kN and
P2 = 142.40 kN.
32. Determine the resulting base shear if the wall is free at the top.
a. 187 kN c. 440 kN 39. Calculate the maximum support reaction.
b. 234 kN d. 47 kN a. 171.9 kN c. 142.4 kN
b. 92.1 kN d. 198.0 kN
Situation 11: Beam EFGH is simply supported by the transverse girders
at E, F, G, and H. 40. Calculate the maximum moment in the girder.
a. 984.3 kN-m c. 890.1 kN-m
A B C D b. 1,037.3 kN-m d. 1,112.5 kN-m

2.50 m 41. Calculate the maximum shear at midspan.

F G H
E
a. 66.0 kN c. 82.9 kN
b. 171.9 kN d. 95.1 kN
J K L 2.50 m
 42. A 10 m long beam is simply supported at the left end and at 2 m
2.50 m from the right end. It is to be analyzed for moving uniformly
N O P
M distributed load. For maximum shear at midspan, what is the total
6m 6m 6m length of the beam which should be subjected to the moving load?
a. 10 m c. 8m
b. 4m d. 6m
1 PLAN
Situation 14: A 12 m long beam is simply supported at the right end and
at 2 m from the left end. It is subjected to a highway lane
t load consisting of 9.35 kN/m uniformly distributed load and
116 kN concentrated load. Based on the influence line for
h
maximum moment at midspan,
43. What is the total length of the beam which should be subjected to
the uniformly distributed load to obtain the maximum positive
b moment at midspan?
a. 12 m c. 10 m
2 TYPICAL SECTION b. 5m d. 7m
44. What is the total length of the beam which should be subjected to
Given:
the uniformly distributed load to obtain the maximum negative
Dead load = 3.0 kPa
moment at midspan?
Live load = 4.8 kPa
a. 2m c. 10 m
Beam loads are computed based on tributary area. For 3 b. 7m d. 12 m
equal spans, fully loaded, negative moment at interior
45. What would be the critical positive moment at midspan due to the
supports, M = L2/10. Apply pattern loadings for live load.
highway lane load?
33. Find the maximum positive moment at span FG due to dead load. a. 115 kN-m c. 407 kN-m
a. 6.75 kN-m c. 27.0 kN-m b. 390 kN-m d. 207 kN-m
b. 9.45 kN-m d. 50.4 kN-m
34. Find the maximum negative moment at span EF due to live load.
a. 43.2 kN-m c. 20.2 kN-m
b. 54.0 kN-m d. 50.4 kN-m
35. How much is the maximum shear in span FG due to dead load and
live load?
a. 64.8 kN c. 75.6 kN
b. 58.5 kN d. 39.3 kN

2 Dindo F. Esplana
 THEORY OF STRUCTURES
CE Refresher
Situation 15: A bridge truss is subjected to a standard highway load at
the bottom chord. The highway load consists of a uniformly
distributed load of 9.35 kN/m and a concentrated load of
116 kN.
J 8m K

F G H 

A 60 60 E
B C D
4m 4m 4m 4m

For the computation of design forces, apply the moving

concentrated load at the truss joint only.
46. Find the maximum vertical reaction at A due to the highway load.
a. 142.4 kN c. 74.8 kN
b. 190.8 kN d. 123.3 kN
47. What is the maximum ordinate of the influence line for the force
developed in member JK?
a. 0.289 c. 0.250
b. 0.577 d. 0.866
48. Determine the maximum force that can be developed in member JK
due to the highway load.
a. 110.1 kN (tension)
b. 66.9 kN (compression)
c. 110.1 kN (compression)
d. 66.9 kN (tension)

3 Dindo F. Esplana