UNIT-VII DATA INTERPRETATION

What is a Data Source?

A data source is the location where data that is being used originates from.
A data source may be the initial location where data is born or where physical
information is first digitized, however even the most refined data may serve as
a source, as long as another process accesses and utilizes it.

Sources of data are of two types; these are the following -

• Statistical Data
This type of data source refers to collection of data which are used for official
purposes, such as population census, official surveys, etc.
• Non-Statistical Data
This type of data source refers to collection of data which are used for various
administrative purposes, mainly in the private sectors.

Different sources of Data

Sources of data can also be classified based on its collection methods, which
are -
• Internal Sources of Data
In several cases for a certain analysis, data is collected from records, archives,
and various other sources within the organization itself. Such sources of data
are termed as internal sources of data.
• External Sources of Data
Data may also be collected from various sources outside the organisation for
analytical purposes. Such sources of data collection are known as external
sources of data.

Types of Data
Data can be classified into two types -
• Primary Data
Data which is considered as first-hand information collected by a surveyor,
investigator, etc. is defined as Primary Data. The sources from which such data
is collected is termed as the primary source of data collection for the
concerned information.

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Moreover, data is regarded as primary only if it has never undergone any prior
statistical treatment. Such data is usually published, and more data is derived
from the published source for other purposes. For example, a country's
population is an application of collection of primary data.

Features of Primary Data

Primary Data has the following characteristics -
i. Such data is being collected for the first time.
ii. Primary Data is original and thereby more reliable than other types of
data
iii. This kind of data has not been used for any statistical analysis before.

• Secondary Data
Data which has already been collected, analysed, published and has undergone
statistical treatment can be defined as Secondary data. Such type of data is
tailored from primary data sources
However, this kind of data can also be collected by surveyors, investigators,
etc. to conduct statistical analysis in order to derive newer information.
For example, the address you insert in food delivery apps is a common
application for the use of secondary data. Your address is not new information
unless you just purchased a property.
In such cases, information regarding the address of your new property will be
considered as primary data. From this example, you can get a clear
understanding of the sources of data primary and secondary

Features of Secondary Data

Secondary Data consists of the following features -
i. Secondary data is considered as 'second hand information'.
ii. Secondary data is not original,
iii. This kind of data has gone through statistical analysis at least once.
iv. Secondary data is not reliable.
Another simple example of Secondary Data is information which is found in
unapproved websites such as Wikipedia, etc. where any user at any given time
can edit the data, as per his or her wish, provided in any page of this website.

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A. Collection of Primary Data
• Direct Personal Investigation
• Collection with the Help of Investigators
• Collection Assisted by Questionnaires

B. Collection of Secondary Data

Collection of secondary data is much easier than collecting primary data.
Secondary data is available on various sources, both published and
unpublished.
However, the investigator of this kind of data must ensure that the data is
reliable, suitable for analysis, whether bias is involved during sampling of the
said data, etc.

Data Acquisition
Data acquisition is the process of gathering and measuring information on
targeted or desired variables, which enables one to evaluate outcomes and
answer relevant questions.
It is a component of research in all fields of study including physical and social
sciences, humanities and business.
The goal for all data collection is to capture quality evidence that allows
analysis which lead to the formulation of convincing and credible answers io
the questions that have been posed.
A formal data acquisition process is necessary as it ensures that the data
gathered are both defined and accurate and that subsequent decisions based
on arguments present in the findings are valid.

DATA INTERPRETATION:
Tables
A table is a systematic arrangement of data into vertical columns and
horizontal rows. The process of arranging data into rows and columns is called
tabulation.
Purpose
The purpose of tabulation is to present the data in such a way that it becomes
more meaningful and can be easily understood by a common man. However,

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in case of voluminous data, it may require closer reading than graphs of charts
and hence, it is difficult and time consuming to interpret.

Essential Parts of a Table

A statistical table is divided into following eight parts.
1. Title of the table: A title is a heading at the top of the table describing its
contents. It mainly reflects upon the nature of the data, where the data is,
what time period the data covers and how the data is classified.
2. Caption: The headings for various columns and rows are called column
captions and row captions, respectively.
3. Box head: The portion of the table containing column caption is called box
head.
4. Stub: The portion of the table containing row caption is called stub.
5. Body of the table: The body of the table contains the statistical data that
has to be presented in dif ferent rows and columns.
6. Prefatory notes or head notes: Prefatory notes appear between the title
and the body of the table and are enclosed in brackets. They may throw
some light on units of measurements.
7. Footnote: A footnote is always given at the bottom of the table but above
the source note. A footnote is a statement about something which is not
clear from headings, title, stubs, captions and so on.
8. Source note: A source note is placed immediately below the table but after
the footnote. It refers to the source from where information has been
taken.

Table
headings
Column

Percentage breakup of people of

Stub

Table title different age groups (years) in

2019
Upto 20 20-30 30-40
Delhi 12 15 25
Body

Mumbai 8 17 17
Cities

Bangalore 9 21 20
Pune 8 19 23
Total number of people surveyed is 15000000

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Footnotes
1. Data Table
Directions (Example Nos. 1-4) Read the table and answer the questions. The
following table gives demand and supply of sugar in million tonnes, for the
period 2007 to 2012 Surplus is defined as excess of supply over demand.
Year Demand Supply
2007 43.3 46.4
2008 47.2 47.8
2009 49.5 50.7
2010 53.4 54.2
2011 54.5 57.3
2012 62.7 63.4
1. In how many years, the supply (in million tonnes) of sugar was more than the
average supply for 2007 to 2012?
(A) 5 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
Sol. (C) Average supply of sugar from the year 2007 to 2012
(46.4.47.8+50.7+ 54.2 + 57.3+ 63.4)
= 6
319.8
= = 53.3 million tonnes
6

2. In three years 12. 2010, 2011 and 2012, supply of sugar was more than the
average supply. 2 The average surplus (in million tonnes) of sugar for the
period 2008 to 2012 is
(A) 1.44 (B) 1.84 (C) 1.53 (D) 1.22
Sol. (D) Surplus of sugar in
2008 = 47.8 – 47.2 = 0.6
2009 = 50.7 – 49.5 = 1.2
2010 = 54.2 – 53.4 = 0.8
2011 = 57.3 – 54.5 = 2.8
2012 = 63.4 – 62.7 = 0.7
 Required average surplus
= 0.6+ 1.2+ 0.8+ 2.8 +0.7
5
= 6.1 = 1.22 million tonnes
5

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3. The surplus of sugar was lowest for the year
(A) 2012 (B) 2008
(C) 2009 (D) 2010
Sol. (B) It is clear from above solutions sugar was lowest for the year 2008

4. The percentage increase in demand of sugar was the lowest as compared to its
previous year in
(A) 2011 (C) 2009
(B) 2008 (D) 2010
Sol. (A) Percentage increase in demand of compared to its previous year in
47.2−43.3
2008 = × 100% = 9%
43.3
49.5−47.2
2009 = × 100% = 4.8 % = 5%
43.2
53.4−49.5
2010 = × 100% = 7.88% = 8%
49.5
54.5−53.4
2011 = × 100% = 2.05% = 2%
53.4
Thus, percentage increase was lowest in the year 2011.

Directions (Example Nos. 5-7) The following table shows the number of people
in different age groups who responded to a survey about their favorite style of
music. Use this information to answer the questions that follow.
Age Number of People
Years Years Years
Style of
Music 15 - 20 21 - 30 31 +
Classical 6 4 17
Pop 7 5 5
Rock 6 12 14
Jazz 1 4 11
Blues 2 3 15
Hip-hop 9 3 4
Ambient 2 2 2
5. Approximately what percentage of the total people were aged 21-30?
(A) 31% (B) 23%
(C) 25% (D) 14%

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Sol. (C) Total sample of (15 -20)
= 6+ 7 + 6 + 1+ 2+ 9 + 2 = 33
Total sample of (21-30)
= 4+ 5+12 + 4 + 3+ 3+2=33
Total sample of 31+
= 17+ 5 + 14 + 11 + 15 + 4 + 2 = 68
Required percentage
33
= × 100% = 24.62 % = 25%
134

6. Approximately what percentage of the total people indicates that Hip-hop is

their favourite style of music?
(A) 6% (B) 8% (C) 14% (D)
12%
Sol. (D) Required percentage
9+3+4
= × 100%
134
16
= × 100% = 12%
134

7. What percentage of respondents aged 31+ indicated a favourite style other

than classical music?
(A) 64% (B) 60% (C) 75% (D) 50%
Sol. (C) Required percentage
68−17
= × 100%
68
51
= × 100% = 75%
68
Directions (Example Nos. 8-13) Given below in the table is the decadal data of
Population and Electrical Power Production of a country.
Year Population Electrical Power Production
(million) (GW)*
1951 20 10
1961 21 20
1971 24 25
1981 27 40
1991 30 50

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2001 32 80
2011 35 100
*1 GW = 1000 million watt
Based on the given table, answer the questions below.
8. In which decade, the average power availability per person was maximum?
(A) 1971-1981 (B) 1981-1991
(C) 1991-2001 (D) 2001-2011
Sol . (D) Average power availability per person in the
year 2001-2011
1 80 × 1000 100 × 1000
= ( + )
2 32 35
1 5357
= 2 (2500 + 2857) = =
2
2678.5𝑊
Similarly, in year
1991-2001 = 2083.5 W
1981-1991 = 1574 W
1971-1981 = 1261.5 W
It is clear from the above detail that average power availability per person was
maximum in the year 2001-2011

9. By what percentage the power production increased from 1951 to 2011?

(A) 900% (B) 100%
(C) 300% (D) 600%
Sol. (A) Power production increased from 1961-2011
(100 − 10)
= × 100%
10
= 900%
10. Average decadal growth rate (%) of the population is
(A) -5% (B) -1221%
(C)-982% (D) -6.73%
Sol. (C) Percentage increase in between 1951 to 1961
21−20
= × 100%
20
100
= % = 5%21-20 x 100%
20

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Percentage increase in between 1961-1971
24−21
= × 100%
21
3
= 21 × 100% = 14.29 %
Percentage increase in between 1971-1981
27 − 24
= × 100%
24
3
= 24 × 100% = 12.50 %
Percentage increase in between 1981-1991
30−27
= × 100%
27
3
= 27 × 100% = 11.11 %
Percentage increase in between 1991-2001
32−30
= × 100%
30
2
= 30 × 100% = 6.67%
Percentage increase in between 2001-2011
35−32
= × 100%
32
3
= 32 × 100% = 9.38%
Average of percentage growth rate
1
= (5.00 + 14.29 + 12.50 +
6
11.11 + 6.67 + 9.38)
1
= × 58.95
6
= 9.825% = 9.82%
Average decadal growth rate = 9.82%

11. In the year 1951, what was the power availability per person?
(A) 500 W (B) 100 W
(C) 200 W (D) 400 W
Sol. (A) Power availability per person in the year 1951

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10 × 1000 1000
= = = 500 𝑊
20 2

12. Which decade registered from the maximum growth rate (%) of population?
(A) 2001-2011 (B) 1961-1971
(C) 1971-1981 (D) 1991-2001
Soi. (B) The maximum growth rate of population was in the year (1961-1971).

13. Based on the average decadal growth rate, what will be the population in the
year 2021?
(A) 36.62 million (B) 40.34 million
(C) 38.49 million (D) 37.28 million
Sol (C) We know that, average decadal growth rate = 9.82%
 Population in year 2021
9.82
= (35 + 35 × ) 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
100
= 38.437 = 38.49 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
Histogram
A histogram is a graphical representati frequency distribution with class
intervale the base and frequency as the height of the graph. Unlike a bar graph
that depicts decreve data, histograms depict continuous data, so they have
bars without any space between them and the rectangular bars need not be of
equal width. e.g. The following graph show 70 men of different age group.

25

20
Number of men

15

10

0
25 35 45 55 65 70
Age

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Directions (Example Nos. 1-5) Study the Mowing histogram and answer the
questions

500
450
450
400
Number of persons 350
300
250
250
200
150
150
100 75
50
50 25
0
15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Age (in Years)

1. The total number of persons in the age group of 15 yr to 45 yr is

(A) 450 (B) 800
(C) 1000 (D) 500
Sol. (C) Total number of persons
= 450 + 250 + 150 + 75 + 50 + 25
= 1000

2. The number of persons in the age group (20-30) yr is

(A) 475 (B) 400
(C) 300 (D) 700
Sol .(B) Number of persons = 250 + 150 = 400

3. The ratio of the number of persons between the age group of (20-25) and (30-
35) yr is
(A) 1:3 (B) 2:1
(C) 10:3 (D) 6:1
Sol. (C) Required ratio = 250: 75 = 10:3

4. The ratio of maximum population in an age group to the total number of

persons under study is

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(A) 4:5 (B) 9:10
(D) 2:5 (C)9:20
Sol. (C) Maximum population = 450
Total population = 1000
450 9
Required ratio = = 𝑜𝑟 9 ∶ 20
1000 20

5. The percentage of population under study which is in the age group of (40-45)
yr is
(A) 2.5 (B) 3.5
(C) 1.5 (D) 5
25
Sol. (A) Required percentage = × 100 = 2.5%
1000

Bar Graph
A bar graph is a well defined diagram of various bars depended on the given
data. Generally, the respective figures are written at the end of each bar to
facilitate the interpretationeasily, otherwise the figures are written only on the
parallel axis. Mainly the bar graphs are of three types.
These are—
1. Simple Bar Graph
2. Component Bar Graph
3. Multiple Bar Graph
(1) Simple Bar Graph—In simple bar graph, one bar represents only one
variable or one component, viz., one bar for only one item or matter or the
number. Each and every bar remains separate to the other one.
(2) Component Bar Graph—In component Bar Graph, the total magnitude of a
bar is to be divided into two or more than two parts of sub classes. The bars
are drawn proportional in length to the total and divided in the ratios of
their components, viz., one bar for two or more than two items, or the
matters, but each and every bar remains separate to the other one.
Component Bar Graph is also called sub divided Bar Graph. For example—
The following diagram is a example of component Bar graph or the
subdivided Bar Graph of a town.
(3) Multiple Bar Graph—In multiple Bar Graph, two or more than two bars
make a unit compound of bars of the different items or the components by

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meeting each other with their respective magnitudes. A unit compound of
bars remains a definite separation to the another unit of compound.

Directions(1 -5) —Study the following graph carefully and answer the
questions that follow—

500
450
400
350
Sales in Rs.

300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991
Years

1. By how much amount are the sales in 1989 more than that in 1987 ?
(A) Rs. 100 (B) 10‚000
(C) Rs. 1‚00,000 (D) Rs. 10‚00,000
Sol . (C) Sales in 1989 = Rs. 420 ths.
Sales in 1987 = Rs. 320 ths.
∴ Required amount = Rs. (420 – 320) × 1000 = Rs. 1,00,000

2. The sales in 1987 are how many times to that in 1988 ?

(A) 0·8 (B) 1·25
(C) 8 (D) 0·25
Sol. (A) Let the required value is x,
then 320 = x × 400
320
⇒ x= =
400
= 0·8

3. In which year do the sales show the least per cent increase over those in
the previous year ?
(A) 1986 (B) 1988

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(C) 1989 (D) 1990

Sol . (D) Increase from

(i) 1987 to 1988 = 25%
(ii) 1988 to 1989 = 5%
20 ×100
(iii) 1989 to 1990 = = 4·76%
420

4. The ratio of the number of years for which the sales were above average to
the number of years for which the sales were below average is—
(A) 2 : 1 (B) 3 : 2
(C) 4 : 3 (D) 1 : 2

Sol. (A) The average sales

340+320+400+420+440+400
=
6
2320
= = 386.66
6
Sales are above average in 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 and are below 1986, 1987
∴ Required ratio = 4 : 2
=2:1

5. What are the approximate average sales (in thousands) for the years 1988
to 1991 ?
(A) 420 (B) 425
(C) 430 (D) None of these

400+420+440+400
Sol . (D) Average = = 415
4

Directions (1-5) —Study the following graph carefully to answer the questions
that follow—

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TotalNumber of Males and Females in Five Diffrent Organization

Male Females
5000

4000
Number of People

3000

2000

1000

0
A B C D E
Organization

1. What is the average number of females from all the Organizations together
?
(A) 3800 (B) 3550
(C) 3300 (D) 3150
(E) None of these
Sol. (E) Reqd. average

(2750 + 4000 + 4250 + 3750+ 3500)

=
𝟓
18250
=
5
= 3650

2. The number of males from Organization A is approximately what per cent

of the total number of males from all the Organizations together ?
(A) 18 (B) 28
(C) 11 (D) 31
(E) 36
Sol. (A) Reqd. %
3000 × 100
=
( 3000 + 3750 + 4000 + 2500 + 3250 )

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3000 × 100
= %
16500

= 18.18% ≅ 18%

3. What is the difference between the total number of females and the total
number of males from all the Organizations together ?
(A) 1500 (B) 1750
(C) 1800 (D) 2050
(E) None of these

Sol. (B) Required difference

= 18250 – 16500
= 1750

4. What is the respective ratio of number of females from Organizations C to

the number of females from Organization E ?
(A) 14 : 17 (B) 17 : 14
(C) 14 : 15 (D) 15 : 14
(E) None of these

4250
Sol. (B) Reqd. ratio = = 17 ∶ 14
3500

5. The total numbers of males from Organizations A & B together are

approximately what per cent of the total number of males from
Organizations C, D and E together ?
(A) 58 (B) 75
(C) 69 (D) 83
(E) 52

6750 ×100
Sol. (C) Reqd. % = %
9750
= 69.23% = 69% (𝐴𝑝𝑝. )

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Line Graph
Line Graph—Line Graph represents a pictorial presentation of the given
data. It is also called a cartesian graph of pictorial representations.
Generally, a line graph indicates the variation of a quantity or a magnitude
with respect to two parameters caliberated on the axes X and Y
respectively.
If it is drawn with the help of only a single line, It is called a Single Line
Graph or a Simple Line Graph.
If the graph has at least two or more than two drawe lines, it is called a
Multiple Line Graph.
Example 1. The following graph is an example of a single line graph.
200
Production in Tonnes

175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Years

Example 2. The following graph is an example of a multiple line graph.

Export Import Production

250

200
Rs. in Lakh

150

100

50

0
2001 - 01 2001 - 02 2001 - 03
Years

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Directions(1-4) — Study the following graph carefully and answer the
questions that follow—

Production ( in Lakh Units) 35

30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1,996 1,997 1,998 1,999 2,000 2,001 2,002
Years

1. The production in 2002 is what per cent of production in 1996 ?

(A) 650% (B) 550%
(C) 329% (D) 320%
(E) None of these

Sol. (A) Production in 1996 = 5 lakh units

Production in 2002 = 32·5 lakh units
32.5
∴ The required percentage = × 100
5
= 650%

2. What is the approximate average production (in lakhs) for the given years ?
(A) 18 (B) 19
(C) 20 (D) 18·5
(E) 17

Sol. (A) Average production

5 + 7 · 5 + 10 + 17 · 5 + 25 + 27 · 5 + 32 · 5
=
7
125
= = 17.8 = 18 𝐿𝑎𝑘ℎ 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
7

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3. Which of the following is the highest difference in production between two
adjacent years ?
(A) 5 lakhs (B) 10 lakhs
(C) 9 lakhs (D) 7·5 lakhs
(E) None of these

Sol. (D) This is obvious by the graph.

4. Which year had the highest per cent increase in production over the
previous year ?
(A) 2000 (B) 1999
(C) 2002 (D) 1997
(E) None of these

Sol. (B) Per cent increase in 1999

17.5 − 10
= × 100 = 75
10

Percent increase in 2000

25 − 17.5
= × 100 = 42.86
17.5

⇒ In 1999, It is the highest.

Directions (1-5)— Study the following graph carefully and answer the
questions that follow—

Percentage Growth in Population of Six States from 1998

to1999 and 1999 to 2000
Company A Company B
70

60
Percentage profit

50

40

30

20

10

0
1996 1997 1998 Years 1999 2000 2001

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1. The population of the state ‘Q’ in the year of 1999 was what per cent of its
population in the year of 2000 ?
2 1
(A)66 % (B) 47 %
3 3
(C) 130% (D) 37%
2
(E) 62 %
3

Sol. (A) Let the population of the state ‘Q’ in 1999

= 100
∴ Population in 2000 = 150
100
∴ The required % = × 100
150
2
= 66 %
3

2. The population of the state ‘O’ in the year of 1998 was 8 lakh, then what
was its approximate population in the year of 2000 ?

(A) 24 lakh (B) 26 lakh

(C) 14 lakh (D) 23 lakh
(E) None of these

Sol. (E) The population of the state ‘O’ in the year of 2000

180 160
=8× ×
100 100

= 23 lakh

3. If the population of the states ‘M’ and ‘R’ in 1998 are in the ratio 3 : 2 and
the population of the state ‘M’ in 1999 was 126 lakh, then what was the
population of the state ‘R’ in 2000—
(A) 70 lakh (B) 93·60 lakh
(C) 152 lakh (D) 65 lakh
(E) None of these
Sol. (B) Let the population of the states ‘M’ and ‘R’ in 1998 is
= 3x and 2x respectively
140
∴ 3x × ⇒ x = 30
100

∴ Population of the state ‘R’ in 1998

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= 30 × 2

= 60 lakh

and in 2000 = 60 × 1·3 × 1·2

= 93·60 lakh

4. In 1998 the population of the sta tes ‘N’ and ‘P’ were equal and the
population of the state ‘P’ in 2000 was 62 lakh, then what was the
population of the state ‘N’ in the year of 2000 ?
(A) 50 lakh (B) 70 lakh
(C) 58·20 lakh (D) 67·20 lakh
(E) 68·20 lakh

Sol . (D) The population of the state ‘P’ in 1998

100 100
= 62 × ×
125 124
= 40 lakh
∴ Population of state ‘N’ in 1998
= 40 lakh and the population in 2000
= 40 × 1·2 × 1·4
= 67·20 lakh

5. The population of the state ‘M’ in 2000 was what fraction of its population
in 1998 ?

20 10
(A) (B)
49 19
49 19
(C) (D)
20 10
(E) None of these

Sol. (C) The required fraction

245
=
100
49
=
20

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Pie Chart
Pie chart—Pie chart or the Pie graph is a complete circle or a Pie in which the
total quantity or the magnitude of the given question is distributed over the
various parts of an angle of 360°.
In the Pie chart or the pie graph, the data can be plotted with respect to any
one parameter, therefore its usage is restricted. It is the best use to show the
shares of various parties having a particular quantity for the distribution
among themselves in various parts or the percentage.
Data interpretation by the Pie chart or the Pie graph is very useful for
representing the shares or proportions or the percentage of various
components or the elements with respect to the total quantity or the
magnitude. Questions in the examinations are formally asked either in the
form of a simple pie chart that is a form of a single Pie graph or in the form of
the Multiple Pie chart that is a form of two or more than two Pie charts
together. Generally, two diagrams of Pie chart are given to refer the conditions
of the questions.
Example 1. The following example refers to the Simple pie chart or the Single
pie chart showing the expenditure pattern of a person out of his total income.

20% 25%
House rentOn Food
20%
on others 35%
Medicine

Total Income Rs. 15,000 per month

Example 2. The following example refers a question of Multiple pie chart
showing the expenditure on various items by two families.

Family A

25%
45% Food
Education 13%
Medicine
22%
Others

Total Expenditure Rs. 12,000 per month.

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Family B

28%
35%
Education
Food

12%
Others 25%
Medicine

Total Expenditure Rs. 15,000 per month.

Directions(1-4)—Study the following diagram of Pie chart carefully and answer

the questions below it.

20% 30%
rent Food

10%
Entertainment

15% 5%
Clothing Miscellaneous
12% 8%
Taxes Transport

1. If the family spends Rs. 6‚500 per month, how much are its taxes ?
(A) Rs. 7‚800 (B) Rs. 9‚360
(C) Rs. 9‚800 (D) Rs. 10‚080

12 ×650
Sol. (B) Taxes =
100

= Rs. 780 per months

∴ Re. 780 × 12

= Rs. 9360 per year

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2. How many degrees should there be in the central angle showing clothing,
taxes and transportation combined ?
(A) 100 (B) 110
(C) 120 (D) 126

Sol. (D) Clothing, taxes and transportation consumed 35%

∴ 100% → 360°

360 × 35
∴ 35% →
100
= 126

3. How much more money per month is spent by the family on food as
compared to the rent, if the family spends Rs. 6‚500 per month ?
(A) Rs. 650 (B) Rs. 700
(C) Rs. 750 (D) Rs. 800
Sol . (A) 10% of Rs. 6500
10 ×6500
= 100

= Rs. 650 per month

4. If the expenditure budget of the family is raised to Rs. 8‚000 per month and
distribution on various item remain the same, then the monthly expenses
on both, the entertainment and the transport, will be—
(A) Rs. 1‚800 (B) Rs. 1‚600
(C) Rs. 1‚440 (D) Rs. 1‚220

Sol. (C) 18% of Rs. 8000

18 ×8000
= = Rs.
100

1440

Directions(1-5) —Study the following diagram carefully and answer the

questions that follow —

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Characteristics of Foreign Tourists Visiting India
During a Year
Contrywise Distribution

British
10%

Others 15%

American Russian
60% 5%

Age - wise Distribution

Between
20-40
20%
Above 40 beleow 20
years years
20% 60%

1. If in a given year, 1‚00‚000 tourists visited India and the age-wise

distribution data applies to all countrie the number of American tourists
who visited India during the year and are in the age group of 20-40 years
is—
(A) 12‚000 (B) 20‚000
(C) 40‚000 (D) 60‚000
Sol. (A) Number of Americans who visited India

= 60% of 1,00,000
= 60,000
Number of Americans in the age group of 20 – 40 years who visited India =
20% of 60,000
= 12,000

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2. With the same data given in the previous question, what would be the
number of Russian tourists who are below 20 years of age ?
(A) 3000 (B) 300
(C) 330 (D) 3500
Sol. (A) No. of Russian Tourists
= 5000
No. of Russian Tourists below 20 years of age
= 60% of 5000
= 3000

3. With the same data give above, the number of British tourists between 20
and 40 years of age would be—
(A) 400 (B) 4000
(C) 4400 (D) 440
Sol. (B) No. of British Tourists
= 20,000
No. of British Tourists between 20 to 40 years of age
= 20% of 20,000
= 4000
4. With the same data, how many tourists were below 20 years, but neither
American, nor Russian nor British ?
(A) 900 (B) 1900
(C) 9000 (D) 60‚000
Sol. (C) No. of other tourists
= 15,000
No. of other tourists below 20 years of age
= 60% of 15,000
= 9000

5. What is the ratio of British tourists below 20 years to the Russian tourists
above 40 years ?
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 12 : 1
(C) 3 : 4 (D) 4 : 3

British tourists below 20 years

Sol. (B)
Russian tourists above 40 years

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60% of 20‚000
=
20% of 5000
12000
=
1000
12
= 12: 1
1

Data mapping
Data mapping is the process of matching fields from one database to another.
It's the first step to facilitate data migration, data integration, and other data
management tasks.Data now comes from many sources, and each source can
define similar data points in different ways.
Data mapping bridges the differences between two systems, or data models,
so that when data is moved from a source, it is accurate and usable at the
destination.
Data mapping has been a common business function for some time, but as the
amount of data and sources increase, the process of data mapping has become
more complex, requiring automated tools to make it feasible for large data
sets.

Data mapping is the key to data management

Data mapping is an essential part of many data management processes. If not
properly mapped, data may become corrupted as it moves to its destination.
Quality in data mapping is key in getting the most out of your data in data
migrations, integrations, transformations, and in populating a data warehouse.

Data migration
Data migration is the process of moving data from one system to another as a
one-time event. Generally, this is data that doesn't change over time. After the
migration, the destination is the new source of migrated data, and the original
source is retired. Data mapping supports the migration process by mapping
source fields to destination fields.

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Data integration
Data integration is an ongoing process of regularly moving data from one
system to another. The integration can be scheduled, such as quarterly or
monthly, or can be triggered by an event. Data is stored and maintained at
both the source and destination. Like data migration, data maps for
integrations match source fields with destination fields.

Data transformation
Data transformation is the process of converting data from a source format to
a destination format. This can include cleansing data by changing data types,
deleting nulls or duplicates, aggregating data, enriching the data, or other
transformations. For example, "Illinois" can be transformed to "IL" to match
the destination format. These transformation formulas are part of the data
map. As data is moved, the data map uses the transformation formulas to get
the data in the correct format for analysis.

Data warehousing
If the goal is to pool data into one source for analysis or other tasks, it is
generally pooled in a data warehouse. When you run a query, a report, or do
analysis, the data comes from the warehouse. Data in the warehouse is already
migrated, integrated, and transformed. Data mapping ensures that as data
comes into the warehouse, it gets to its destination the way it was intended.

DATA AND GOVERNANCE

Data governance is a four way framework comprising availability, applicability,
integrity and security. It is a set of processes, used by the stakeholders who use
technology, to ensure that the important and critical data is managed and
protected.
It involves a streamlined coordination for individuals, methods and innovation
(technology) in such an order that it results in realizing the value of data for
any organization. It has to be implemented as a disciplined work flow within
the organization, without that disciplines data would never be treated as a
valuable commodity.

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Data and Governance.
• Data governance is primarily used to refer to the strategy of managing and
controlling data.
• Data governance is the overall management of data availability, relevancy,
usability, integrity and security .
• The drivers of data governance are usually regulatory and legal requirements;
however, a governance rule can be any practice to which the organization
wishes to adhere.
• Governance often dictates where certain types of data may be stored and
codifies data protection methods, such as encryption or password strength.
• Governance can dictate how to back up data, who has access to data, and
when archived data should be destroyed.
The data governance may include the followings:

Data
Architecture Data Modeling
& Design

Data Quality
Data Storage &
Operations

Meta-data
Data
Data Security
Governance

Data Warehousing
& Business Data Integration
Intelligence & Interoperability

Reference & Documents

Master Data & Content

DG is about establishing methods, and an organization with clear

responsibilities and processes to standardize, integrate, protect and store
organisational data. The main goals of data governance are to:
• Establish internal rules for data use
• Implement compliance requirements
• Minimize risks
• Reduce costs
• Increase the value of data
• Facilitate the administration of the above

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• Help to ensure to be existence of the company through risk management
and optimization
• Improve internal and external communication
Data Governance is not data management: Data management refers to the
management of the full data lifecycle needs of an organization. Data
governance is the core component of data management such as data
warehousing.
1. Data Governance is not master data manage ment: Master data
management focuses on identifying an organization's key entities and then
improving the quality of this data.
2. Data Governance is not data stewardship: Data stewards take care
of data assets, making certain that the actual data is consistent with the
data governance plan, linked with other data assets and in control in terms
of data quality, compliance, or security.

Tools of Data and Governance

It is becoming very important to monitor business data for hacking and
controlling it to meet regulatory standards.
A quality data governance program should include a governing body that
defines procedures and creates an executable plan.
Data governance tools helps you to handle your data and ensure it to meet
regulations. Some of the data governance tools available in the market are as
follows
• TAG INSPECTOR • ACAVEO
• AGILITY • A.K.A
• ASIGRA • CLEARSWIFT

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PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Headings: Study the reference diagram offered underneath and response the
inquiries 1–5. It comprises of information on deals of phones during 2007–
2012.

1. The difference in the sales of cellular phones for the years 2007 and 2009 is
(A) 500 units
(B) 1000 units
(C) 5000 units
(D) 18,000 units

2. The two years between which the rate of change of cellular phones is
minimum are
(A) 2007 and 2008
(B) 2009 and 2010
(C) Both option (a) and (b)
(D) 2011 and 2012

3. The sum of sales of cellular phones in the years 2009 and 2011 is equal to
that in
(A) 2007
(B) 2008
(C) 2010
(D) 2012

4. The percentage increase in sales from 2011 to 2012 was

(A) 115%
(B) 128%
(C) 122%
(D) 118%

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5. What is the average sales figure of all the years?
(A) 32,000 units
(B) 33,500 units
(C) 34,500 units
(D) 35,000 units

Headings: Study the reference diagram offered beneath and

response questions 6 to 10. It comprises of information on number
of understudies passed (in thousands) from two colleges from years
2003 to 2008.

6. What is the sum of students passing from University B in 2003, 2005 and
2006 together?
(A) 75,000
(B) 80,000
(C) 88,000
(D) 90,000

7. What is the ratio of students passed from University A in year 2007 and the
number of students passed from University B in year 2004?
(A) 7 : 10
(B) 10 : 7
(C) 4 : 5
(D) 5 : 4

8. The number of students from University B in the year 2008 is approximately

what percentage of total number of students passed from University A over
the years?
(A) 20
(B) 22
(C) 28

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(D) 30

9. What is the ratio between the number of students passed in the years
2007, 2008 and 2005 from University A?
(A) 3 : 5 : 5
(B) 5 : 3 : 3
(C) 5 : 3 : 2
(D) 5 : 2 : 2

10.What is the difference between the total number of students passed from
both the universities together in 2007 and the total number of students
passed from both the universities together in the year 2005?
(A) 70,000
(B) 80,000
(C) 85,000
(D) 90,000

The following table represents Maximum marks of five subjects and

marks obtained by five students in five subjects.
Physics Chemistry Biology English
Mathematics
Students (Out of (Out of (Out of (Out of
(Out of 100)
75) 75) 75) 120)
Ragini 56 65 45 38 95
Rohan 60 52 62 55 88
Sohan 50 78 70 58 88
Mohini 55 82 65 66 110
Mohan 42 96 64 72 104

11.Marks obtained by Ragini in Chemistry and Biology together is what

percent of the marks obtained by Mohini in Physics and Mathematics
together?
(A) 66.23%
(B) 60.58%
(C) 58.34%
(D) 54.32%

12.Find the respective ratio of the marks obtained by all the students in
Mathematics and marks obtained by all the students in Chemistry.
(A) 293 : 351

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(B) 373 : 306
(C) 351 : 293
(D) 306 : 373

13.Find the overall percentage of Sohan in all the subjects.

(A) 62.7%
(B) 58.4%
(C) 77.3%
(D) 79.1%

14.Find the difference between percentage of marks obtained by Mohan in

English and that of Rohan in Physics.
(A) 6.67%
(B) 4.59%
(C) 5.53%
(D) 3.12%

15.Find the sum of marks obtained by Rohan in all the subjects.

(A) 515
(B) 427
(C) 611
(D) 317

Directions for Question 16 to 18: Refer to the following Bar-chart

and answer thequestions that follow:

16.What is the average value of the contract secured during the yearsshown
in the diagram?
(A) Rs. 103.48 crore

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(B) Rs. 105 crore
(C) Rs. 100 crore
(D) Rs.125.2 crore

17.Compared to the performance

o in 1985 (i.e. taking it as the base), what can
you say about the perf rmances in the years ’84, ’85, ’86, ’87, ’88
respectively, in percentage terms?
(A) 150, 100, 211, 216, 97
(B) 100, 67, 141, 144, 65
(C) 150, 100, 200, 215, 100
(D) 120, 100, 220, 230, 68

18.Which is the year in which

e the highest percentage decline is seen in the
value of contract secur
(A) 1985
(B) 1988
(C) 1984
(D) 1986

The table below shows the estimated cost (in Rs. Lakh) of a project of laying a
railway line between two places.

19.The total expenditure is required to be kept within Rs. 700 lakh by cutting the
expenditure on administration equally in all the years. What will be the
percentage cut for 1989?
(A) 22.6
(B) 32.6
(C) 42.5
(D) 52.6

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20.If the length of line to be laid each year is in proportion to the estimated cost
for material and labour, what fraction of the total length is proposed to be
completed by the third year?
(A) 0.9
(B) 0.7
(C) 0.6
(D) 0.3

21.What is the approximate ratio of the total cost of materials for all theyears
bear to the total labour cost?
(A) 4 : 1
(B) 8 : 1
(C) 12:1
(D) 16 : 1

22.If the cost of materials rises by 5% each year from 1990 onwards, byhow much
will the estimated cost rise?
(A) Rs. 11.4 lakh
(B) Rs. 16.4 lakh
(C) Rs.21.4 lakh
(D) Rs.26.4 lakh

23.It is found at the end of 1990, that the entire amount estimated for the
project has been spent. If for 1991, the actual amount spent was equal to
that which was estimated, by what percent (approximately) has the actual
expenditure exceeded the estimated expenditure?
(A) 39
(B) 29
(C) 19
(D) 9

Directions for Question 24 to 4: The following graph shows the value of liquor
supplied by the 5 states in 1996 and the excise duty rates in each state.

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Amount of liquor supplied in Tamil Nadu Distilleries A, B, C, D, E (from bottom
to top) inlakh litres

24.What is the lowest percentage difference in the excise duty rates for any two
states?
(A) 12
(B) 15
(C) 20
(D) Cannot be determined.

25.Which of the five states manufactured liquor at the lowest cost?

(A) Tamil Nadu
(B) Delhi
(C) The states which has the lowest value for (wholesale price-Excise duty) per litre
(D) Cannot be determined.

26.If Excise duty is levied before the goods leave the factory (on the value of the
liquor),then which of the following choices shows distilleries in ascending
order of the excise duty paid by them for the year 1996? (Assume the total
liquor in TN is supplied by only these 5 distilleries).
(A) ECABD
(B) ADEBC
(C) DCEBA
(D) Cannot be determined.

27.If the Tamil Nadu distillery, with the least average simple annual growth in
amount of liquor supplied in the given period had shown the same rate of
growth as the one which grew fastest, what would that company’s supply

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have been in 1998, in lakh liters?
(A) 13
(B) 15.11
(C) 130
(D) Cannot be determined.

Directions for the questions from 1 to 5: The following table gives the
national income and the population of a country for the years 1984 each o
the following questions choose the best alternative:

28.The increase in the per capita income compared to the previous year is
lowest for the year :
(A) 1985-86
(B) 1986-87
(C) 1987-88
(D) 1989-90

29.The per capita income is highest for the year :

(A) 1984-85
(B) 1985-86
(C) 1987-88
(D) 1989-90

30.The difference between the percentage increase in per capita income and the
percentage increase in the population compared year:
(A) 1985-86
(B) 1986-87
(C) 1987-88

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(D) 1988-89

31.The rate of increase in population was lowest in the year:

(A) 1985-86
(B) 1987-88
(C) 1989-90
(D) None of these

32.Increase in the per capita income compared given below was highest for the
year:
(A) 1985-86
(B) 1986-87
(C) 1987-88
(D) 1989-90

The graph below shows the end of the month market values of 4 sh period
from January to June. Answer the following questions based on this graph.

33.Which share showed the greatest percentage increase in market value in any
month during the entire period?
(A) A (C) C
(B) B (D) D

34.In which month was the greatest absolute change in market value for any
share recorded?
(A) March (C) May
(B) April (D) June

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35.In which month was the greatest percentage increase in market value for any
share recorded?
(A) February (C) April
(B) March (D) May

36.An individual wishes to sell 1 share of C and 1 share of D to buy 1 share of A

at the end of a month. At which month decision, due to share value changes,
be the most?
(A) February (C) April
(B) March (D) June

37.An individual decides to sell 1 share of C and 1 share of D to buy 1 share of A

at the end of the month. What can be the individual’s greatest gain from this
decision, due to share value changes?
(A) 5 (C) 15
(B) 10 (D) none

Answer the questions (38 - 42) on the basis of the following information.
Prakash has to decide whether e or not to test a batch of 1000 widgets n before
sending them to the buyer. In case he decides to test, he has two options: (a)
Use test I ; (b) Use test II. Test I cost Rs. 2 per widget. However, the test is not
perfect. It sends 20% of the bad ones to the buyer as good. Test II costs Rs. 3
per widget. It brings out all the bad ones. A defective widget identified before
sending can be corrected at a cost of Rs. 25 per widget. All defective widgets
are identified at the buyer’s end and penalty of Rs. 50 per defective widget has
to be paid by Prakash.

38.Prakash should not test if the number of bad widgets in the lot is:
(A) less than 100
(B) more than 200
(C) between 120 & 190
(D) Cannot be found out.

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39.If there are 120 defective widgets in the lot, Prakash:
(A) should either use Test I or not test.
(B) should either use Test II or not test.
(C) should use Test I or Test II.
(D) should use Test I only.

40.If the number of defective widgets in the lot is between 200 and 400,
Prakash:
(A) may use Test I or Test II
(B) should use Test I only.
(C) should use Test II only
(D) cannot decide.

41.If Prakash is told that the lot has 160 defective widgets, he should:
(A) use Test I only
(B) use Test II only.
(C) do no testing.
(D) either use Test I or do not test.

42.If there are 200 defective widgets in the lot, Prakash:

(A) may use either Test I or Test II
(B) should use Test I or not use any test
(C) should use Test II or not use any test.
(D) cannot decide.

Study the following graph and answer questions (43 - 46) that
follow. The xthe years from 1983 to 1991

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43.The sum of food and fertilizer production has shown a constant value for
how many years?
(A) None of the years
(B) 2
(C) 4
(D) 5

44.If in 1988, the sum of the food and fertilizer production was 170 million
tonnes, the value of food production must have been (approximately, in
million tones) …
(A) 90
(B) 70
(C) 100
(D) Insufficient data

45.From its apparent behavior the food production in year 1992 can be expected
to …
(A) go up
(B) go down
(C) remain the same as previous year.
(D) nothing can be said.

46.Going according to previous trends, one can say that the Fertilizer Production
has shown an anomalous behavior in which year?
(A) 1985
(B) 1984
(C) 1991
(D) 1989

Study the graph below and answer the questions (47 - 50) that follow

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47.In which year is the profit per rupee of equity the highest?
(A) 1991
(B) 1992
(C) 1993
(D) 1990 and 1991

48.The simple annual growth rate in sales was the highest between the years?
(A) 1990 – 91
(B) 1991 – 92
(C) 1992 – 93
(D) 1990 – 92

49.In which year are the sales per rupee of expenditure the lowest?
(A) 1990
(B) 1991
(C) 1992
(D) 1993

50.In which year is a sale per rupee of equity the highest?

(A) 1990
(B) 1991
(C) 1992
(D) 1994

Answer the questions (51 - 54) on the basis of the following information.
Ghosh Babu has recently acquired four companies namely Arc – Net
Technologies (ANT), Babu Anta Transport (BAT), Charles Anter Tailor (CAT) and
Daud Akbar Transistors (DAT). When the results of the companies for the year
1992 – 93 were placed before him. He found a few interesting things about
them. While the profits of CAT and DAT were the same, the sales of CAT were
the same as those of BAT . Profits of ANT were 10% of its sales, where as the
profits of BAT were 20% of its sales. While the total expenses of CAT were 5
times its profits, sales of DAT were 3 times its profits. The total expenses of
CAT were Rs. 10,00,000, the total expenses of ANT were 10% less than those of
CAT. Profits are defined as the difference between sales and total expenses.

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51.Which company had the lowest sales?

(A) ANT (C) CAT
(B) BAT (D) DAT

52.Which company had the highest total expenses?

(A) ANT (C) CAT
(B) BAT (D) DAT

53.Which company had the lowest profits?

(A) ANT (C) CAT
(B) BAT (D) DAT

54.Which company had the highest profits?

(A) ANT (C) CAT
(B) BAT (D) DAT

Study the graph below and answer the questions (55 - 58) that follow.

Total Assets are defined as Net Fixed Assets + Net Current Assets +
Investments
55.What is the approxim and 1993?
(A) 36% (C) 9%
(B) 12% (D) 27%

56.In any two consecutive years, the growth rate is lowest for
(A) Net Fixed Assets. (B) Net Current Assets.

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(C) Investments. (D) Total Assets.

57.Between 1991 and 1992, the highest growth rate was seen for
(A) Net Fixed Assets (C) Investments.
(B) Net Current Assets. (D) Total Assets.

58.The only item which has not shown a negative growth in every year between
1990 and 1993 is
(A) Net Fixed Assets. (C) Investments.
(B) Net Current Assets. (D) Total Assets.

A professor keeps data on students tabulated by performance and sex of the

student. The data is kept on a computer disk, but unfortunately some of it is
lost because of a virus. Only the following could be recovered:

Panic buttons were pressed but to no avail. An expert committee was formed,
which decided that the following facts were self evident:
1. Half the students were either excellent or good.
2. 40% of the students were females.
3. One third of the male students were average.

59.How many students were both female and excellent?

(A) 0 (C) 16
(B) 8 (D) 32

60.How many students are both male and good?

(A) 10 (C) 22
(B) 16 (D) 48

61.Among average students, what is the ratio of male to female?

(A) 1 : 2 (C) 3 : 2
(B) 2 : 1 (D) 2 : 3

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62.What proportion of female students are good?

(A) 0 (C) 0.5
(B) 0.25 (D) 1.0

63.What proportion of good students are male?

(A) 0 (C) 0.4
(B) 0.73 (D) 1.0

Given below are the forecasts of the World and Asian energy demand for the
years 1990, 2000 and 2010 AD. The demand is given in million barrels per
day, crude oil equivalent.

64.Over 1990 – 2010, which two fuels meet more than 60 percent of the total
energy demand of both World
(A) Petroleum & Natural Gas
(B) Petroleum & Solid Fuels
(C) Natural Gas & Solid Fuels
(D) None of the above

65.Which fuel’s proportion in the total energy demand increases over the
decade 1990–2000 and decreases over the decade 2000 Asia?
(A) Petroleum
(B) Natural Gas
(C) Solid Fuels
(D) Nuclear

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66.Which is the fuel whose proportion in the total energy demand will decrease
continuously over the period 1990
(A) Natural Gas
(B) Solid Fuels
(C) Nuclear
(D) Hydropower

67.Which is the fuel whose proportion to the total energy demand of the world
will remain constant over the period 1990 the total energy demand in Asia?
(A) Solid Fuels
(B) Nuclear
(C) Hydropower
(D) Natural Gas

Question 68 to 72 are based on the graph given below:

68.Which of the following salts has greatest solubility?

(A) Potassium Chlorate at 800C.
(B) Potassium Chloride at 350 C.
(C) Potassium Nitrate at 390 C.
(D) Sodium Chloride at 850 C.

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69.Approximately, how many kg of Potassium Nitrate can be dissolved in 10
liters of water at 300C?
(A) 0.04 (C) 4
(B) 0.4 (D) 0.35

70.By what % is the solubility of Potassium Chlorate in water increased as the

water is heated from 300C to 800 C?
(A) 100 (C) 250
(B) 200 (D) 300

71.If 1 mole of Potassium Chloride weighs 0.07456 kg, approximately. How

many moles of Potassium Chloride can be dissolved in 100 liters of water at
360C?
(A) 700 (C) 480
(B) 650 (D) 540

72.Which of the salts has greater change in solubility in kg / litre of water

between 150C and 250C?
(A) Potassium Chlorate
(B) Potassium Nitrate
(C) Sodium Chlorate
(D) Sodium Nitrate

In 1984 – 85 value of exports of manufactured articles exceeds over the valu

exports of raw materials by 100%. In 1985 to that of exports of manufactured
articles is 3 : 4. Exports of food in 1985 the 1984 – 85 figures by Rs. 1006
crore.

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73.In 1984 – 85 what percentage of total values of exports accounts for items
related to food
(A) 23%
(B) 29.2%
(C) 32%
(D) 22%

74.During 1984 – 85, how much more raw material than food was exported?
(A) Rs. 2580 crore
(B) Rs. 896 crore
(C) Rs. 1986 crore
(D) Rs. 1852 crore

75.Value of exports of raw materials during 84 – 85 was how much percent less
than that for 85 – 86?
(A) 39
(B) 46.18
(C) 7
(D) 31.6

76.The change in value of exports of manufactured articles from 1984 – 85 to

1985 – 86 is
(A) 296 crore
(B) 629 crore
(C) 2064 crore
(D) 1792 crore
Direction for 77 to 80: Refer to the pie -chart given below:

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77.What fraction of Ghoshbabu’s weight consists of muscular and skin protein?

(A) 1/13
(B) 1/30
(C) 1/20
(D) Cannot be determined

78.Ratio of distribution of protein in muscle to the distribution of protein in skin

is
(A) 3 : 1 (C) 1 : 3
(B) 3 : 10 (D) 31/2 : 1

79.What percent of Ghosh Babu’s body weight is made up of skin?

(A) 0.15 (C) 1.2
(B) 10 (D) Cannot be determined

80.In terms of total body weight, the portion of material other than water and
protein is closest to
(A) 3/20
(B) 1/15
(C) 85/100
(D) 1/20

Direction for questions 81 to 85: Answer the questions based on the

following pie charts.

81.The operating profit in 1991 -92 increased over that in 1990-91 by

(A) 23% (B) 22%

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(C) 25% (D) 24%

82.The interest burden in 1991-92 was higher than that in 1990 -91 by
(A) 50% (C) 90%
(B) Rs. 25 lakh (D) Rs. 41 lakh

83.If on an average, 20% rate of interest was charged on borrowed funds, then
the total borrowed funds used by this company in the given two years
amounted to
(A) Rs. 221 lakh (C) Rs. 368 lakh
(B) Rs.195 lakh (D) Rs. 515 lakh

84.The retained profit in 1991-92, as compared to that in 1990-91 was

(A) higher by 2.5%
(B) higher by 1.5%
(C) lower by 2.5%
(D) lower by 1.5%

85.The equity base of these companies remained unchanged. Then the total
dividend earning by the share holders in 1991-92 is
(A) Rs. 104 lakh
(B) Rs. 9 lakh
(C) Rs. 12.8 lakh
(D) Rs. 15.6 lakh

Answer the questions (86- 90) based on the following information.

A company produces five types of shirts — A, B, C, D and E — using cloth of
three qualities — high, medium and low -, using dyes of three qualities — high,
medium and low. One shirt requires 1.5 m of cloth. The following table gives
respectively:
1. The number of shirts (of each category) produced, in thousands
2. The percentage distribution of cloth quality in each type of shirt, and
3. The percentage distribution of dye quality in each type of shirt

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86.What is the total requirement of cloth?

(A) 1,50,000 m (C) 2,25,000 m
(B) 2,00,000 m (D) 2,50,000 m

87.How many metres of low-quality cloth is consumed?

(A) 22,500 m (C) 60,000 m
(B) 46,500 m (D) 40,000 m

88.How many metres of high quality cloth is consumed by A-type shirts?

(A) 8,000 m (C) 24,000 m
(B) 112,000 m (D) 30,000 m

89.What is the ratio of the three qualities of dyes in high-quality cloth?

(A) 2 : 3 : 5 (C) 7 : 9 : 10
(B) 1 : 2 : 5 (D) Cannot be determined

90.What is the ratio of low-quality dye used for C-type shirts to that used for
Dtype shirts?
(A) 3 : 2 (C) 1 : 2
(B) 2 : 1 (D) 2 : 3

Direction for questions 91 to 95: Answer the questions based on

the following information.

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91.The average revenue collected in the given 7 years is approximately

(A) Rs. 164 lakh (C) Rs. 171 lakh
(B) Rs. 168 lakh (D) Rs. 175 lakh

92.The expenditure for the 7 years together form what per cent of the revenues
during the same period?
(A) 75% (C) 62%
(B) 67% (D) 83%

93.Which year showed the greatest percentage increase in profit as compared

to the previous year?
(A) 1993 (C) 1990
(B) 1994 (D) 1992

94.In which year was the growth in expenditure maximum as compared to the
previous year?
(A) 1993 (C) 1991
(B) 1995 (D) 1992

95.If the profit in 1996 shows the annual rate of growth as it had shown in 1995
over the previous year, then what approximately will be the profit in 1996?
(A) Rs. 72 lakh (C) Rs. 93 lakh
(B) Rs. 82 lakh (D) Rs. 78 lakh

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Directions for the question 96 to 100: Answer the questions based
on the following information, which gives data about certain coffee
producers in India.

96.What is the maximum production capacity (in ‘000 tonnes) of Lipton for
coffee?
(A) 2.53 (C) 2.24
(B) 2.85 (D) 2.07

97.Which company out of the four companies mentioned above has the
maximum unutilized capacity (in ‘000 tonnes)?
(A) Lipton (C) Brooke Bond
(B) Nestle (D) MAC

98.What is the approximate total production capacity (in ‘000 tonnes) for coffee
in India?
(A) 18 (C) 18.7
(B) 20 (D) Data insufficient

99.The highest price for coffee per kilogram is for

(A) Nestle (C) Lipton
(B) MAC (D) Data insufficient

100. What percent of the total market share (by sales value) is controlled by
‘others’?
(A) 60% (C) 67%
(B) 32% (D) insufficient datas

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Previous Years Questions

UGC-NET 2021
Study the table carefully and answer the questions (1-5) that follow
Given below is a table that shows the expenditure of a company (in
LakhRupees) per annum over the given years

Expenditur
e Item Salar Trave Hospitalit Interest on Taxes
Year y l y Loan
2016 33 7 3 2 8
0 0 0 8 0
2017 38 6 3 3 8
0 5 3 1 7
2018 42 7 3 3 9
0 2 5 3 1
2019 45 7 4 3 9
0 5 0 6 4
2020 48 8 4 3 9
0 4 3 9 7

1. The difference between average expenditure on 'Taxes' and average

expenditure on 'Interest on Loan' is:
A. 54.8 C. 56.4
B. 55.6 D. 57.

2. What is the average expenditure on Travel and Hospitality during 2016

to 2020?
A. 108.3 C. 109.4
B. 108.7 D. 110.5

3. Increase of expenditure from 2019 to 2020 in percentage is:

A. 5.3 C. 6.9
B. 5.8 D. 7.2

4. In which year is the Travel expenditure (as a percentage) minimum?

A. 2017 C. 2019
B. 2018 D. 2020

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5. In which year is the ratio of Salary to Hospitality maximum?
A. 2017 C. 2019
B. 2018 D. 2020
Based on the data in the table, answer the questions that follow (6-10)
The following table presents the percentage breakup of employees
and the ratio ofmale to female employees working in five different
organisations (A to E).
There is a total number of 35,000 employees working in all five
organisations.

Organisation-wise Breakup
of Employees
Percentage (%) Ratio of Male and
Organisatio of Female
n
employees employees
A 18% 3:7
B 22% 11:9
C 31% 3:2
D 15% 2:3
E 14% 1:3

6. The total number of employees in Organisation C is approximately what

percent of the total number of employees in Organisation D?
A. 147 % C. 207 %
B. 183 % D. 312 %

7. What is the sum total of the number of females in Organisation D and

the number of males in Organisation E?
A. 4375 C. 4500
B. 4475 D. 4875

8. What is the total number of males in all the five organisations together?
A. 13350 C. 15960
B. 14700 D. 16280

9. What is the difference between the number of females in Organisation E

and the number of females in Organisation B?
A. 170 C. 300
B. 210 D. 350

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10.What is the ratio of the number of males in Organisation A to the

number of males in Organisation C?
A. 18:31 C. 9:19
B. 7:27 D. 9:31

The table below presents the unit sales of the ZZ999' Motorcycle in six
European Countries over a six month period from January - 2020 to
June 2020. These motorcycles are imported into each country by a
main dealer. Based on the data in the table, answer the question: (11-
15)
Country - wise Sale of Motorcycles

Country January February March April May June Total

Germany 34 47 45 54 56 60
UK 40 44 36 47 47 46
France 37 32 32 32 34 33
Belgium 14 14 14 16 17 14
Spain 29 29 28 31 29 31
Italy 22 24 24 26 25 23
Total

11.What percentage (%) of the total imports is accounted for by the three
smallest importers?
A. 37.1 % C. 40.0 %
B. 14.8 % D. 35.2 % .

12.What percentage (%) of the overall total was sold to the German
importer?
A. 22.0 % C. 25.8 %
B. 25.4 % D. 24.6 %

13.Which month showed the biggest increase in total sales from the
previous month?
A. February C. April
B. March D. May

14.What percentage (%) of the overall total of motorcycles was sold in

May?

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A. 24.1 % C. 27.1 %
B. 25.6 % D. 17.8 %

15.In the month of February, what percentage (%) of the monthly total was
sold to the biggest importer?
A. 24.7 % C. 36.5 %
B. 23.1 % D. 51.1 %
Study the table carefully and answer the question that follows. (16-20)
The following table has 5 items along with number of items
brought and soldfor each quarter for each item.
(B - Item brought initially in the quarter, S - Item sold in that quarter)
Quarter Q Q Q Q
-> 1 2 3 4
Items B S B S B S B S
A 30 17 40 33 37 32 41 37
0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0
B 27 18 28 20 35 33 38 34
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
C 28 21 35 31 25 20 25 20
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
D 32 25 34 29 28 18 28 24
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
E 32 27 37 31 32 17 26 19
5 5 0 5 0 0 5 0

16.Find out the average of difference of item brought and item sold for
Quarter
A. 81 C. 83
B. 82 D. 84

17.Which item has the minimum average items sold for all quarters?
A. B C. D
B. C D. E .

18.Which quarter has the minimum bought to sold ratio?

A. Q1 B. Q2

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C. Q3 D. Q4

19.What is the percentage increase of items sold from Q1 to Q2?

A. 31.36 C. 32.74
B. 31.53 D. 33.64

20.Which quarter has maximum number of items sold?

A. Q1 C. Q3
B. Q2 D. Q4
Study the given table carefully and answer the questions that follow
The following table has semester fees for four different courses in 5
different years (21-25)
Years BCA MCA M. Tech M. Phil
2016 25000 52000 60200 300000
2017 26500 53500 61400 32000
2018 27200 54200 62500 32600
2019 27600 55700 62900 33400
2020 28000 56800 63700 33900

21.Find out the difference between total semester fees (for all courses) of
2018 and 2019
A. 3100 C. 3250
B. 3150 D. 3270

22.Find out the average of difference of fees of MCA and MTech for 2016-
2020.
A. 7600 C. 7700
B. 7650 D. 7750 .

23.What is the difference between the average semester fees of BCA and
average semester fees of MCA during 2016-2020?
A. 27200 C. 27400
B. 27365 D. 27580

24.Which course has the lowest percentage fee increase from 2017-2018?
A. BCA B. MCA

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C. M. Phil. D. M. Tech
25.Which course has highest percentage fee increase from 2019 to 2020?
A. BCA
B. MCA
C. M.Phil.
D. M. Tech

The following table embodies details about the number of

Personal Computer (PCs) produced and the percentage of PCs sold
by two companies A and B from the year 2014 to 2019 . Based on
the data in the table, answer the question
Year-wise Production and Sale of PCs (26-30)

Number of PCs
Year produced Percentage (%) of PCs sold

by Company (in by Company

Thousands)
A B A B
2014 40 45 60 % 50 %
2015 52 48 75 % 40 %
2016 60 64 50 % 75 %
2017 70 62 80 % 60 %
2018 72 65 40 % 80 %
2019 90 80 60 % 50 %

26.What is the difference between the total number of PCs sold and the
total number of unsold PCs of Company B in all the six years together?
A. 68700 C. 72100
B. 70500 D. 73800 .

27.What is the total number of PCs produced by Company A which remain

unsold in all the six years together?
A. 137400 C. 152200
B. 144340 D. 168000

28.What is the ratio of the number of PCs sold by Company B in 2018 to the
number of PCs that remained unsold by Company A in the year 2015?
A. 5 : 2 B. 4 : 1

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C. 5 : 3 D. 4 : 3
29.The number of PCs sold by Company A in 2015 is what percentage of the
number of PCs sold by Company B in the year 2019?
A. 82.5%
B. 87.5%
C. 90%
D. 97.5%

30.The number of PCs sold by Company A in year 2017 is what percentage

more than the number of PCs unsold by Company B in year 2016?
A. 250%
B. 200%
C. 120%
D. 80%

UGC-NET 2020
Answer the question (1-5) based on the data contained in the table; The
following table embodies the data on vegetable produced year wise in ton
for a particular district
Year/Vegetable Potato Tomato Onion
2014 200 50 300
2015 500 70 200
2016 300 40 100
2017 100 80 400
2018 700 70 500
2019 800 90 600
1. What is the gross production of vegetables in the year 2018?
(A) 1270 (C) 1260
(B) 1275 (D) 1280

2. In which year(s) is the production of tomato the least?

(A) 2014 (C) 2019
(B) 2017 (D) 2016

3. In which year the productivity of vegetable is maximum?

(A) 2018 (B) 2016

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(C) 2019 (D) 2017

4. What is the increase (in percentage) of the total production of vegetable

from the year 2018 to 2019?
(A) 15.7% (C) 19.4%
(B) 16.1% (D) 17.2%

5. In which year(s) the production of potato is less than that of average

production?
(i) 2016 (ii) 2014
(iii) 2015 (iv) 2017
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
(A) (i) and (ii) only
(B) (i), (ii) and (iv) only
(C) (iii) only
(D) (iii) and (iv) only

Based on the data in the table, answer the questions that follow (6-10)
Consider the following table which contains year-wise data of installed
Renewable Energy capacity for four countries (X, Y, Z, l) over a period
of 5 years from 2015 to 2019.
Year\Country X Y Z T
2015 10 15 08 12
2016 13 18 10 13
2017 15 20 12 15
2018 20 20 15 18
2019 22 24 20 20

6. Which country registered maximum growth(%) by 2019 with reference

to year 2015?
(A) z (B) t (C) x (D) y

7. For the country 'Y', what is the average annual growth (%) of Renewable
Energy capacity?
(A) - 10.85 % (C) - 13.25 %
(B) - 12.77 % (D) ~11.65 %

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8. Taking all four countries together, what is the over-all increase (%) in
installed capacity of Reliable Energy in the year 2019, with reference to
2015?
(A) 52.32 % (C) 117.32 %
(B) 91.11 % (D) 121.81 %

9. Between 2016 to 2017, which country registered maximum growth(%) in

installed capacity of Renewable Energy?
(A) x (B) z (C) y (D) t

10.In any given year, compared to the previous year which country(s)
registered maximum growth (%)?
(A) T (B) Z and Y (C) y (D) X and Z

Consider the data in the given table and answer the questions that
follow (11-15) The following table is on the Expenditures of Institution
(in lakh Rupees) per annum over the given years
HEADS OF EXPENDITURE (in lakhs)
Year Salary of Transport Bonuses Interest Taxes
staf on loan
2015 288 98 3 23.4 83
2016 342 112 2.52 32.5 108
2017 324 101 3.84 41.6 74
2018 336 133 3.86 36.4 88
2019 420 14 3.96 49.4 98

11.The total amount of bonus paid by the institution during the given
period is approximately what percent of the total amount of salary paid
during this period?
(A) ~3% (B) ~4% (C) ~7% (D) ~1%

12.The total expenditure of the institution on these items during the year
2017 is
(A) 624.6 (B) 524.44 (C) 544.44 (D) 591.41

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13.Total expenditure on all these items in 2015 was approximately what per
cent of the total expenditure in 2019?
(A) 84.63 % (B) 58 % (C) 91 % (D) 73 %

14.What is the average amount of interest per year that the institution had
to pay?
(A) 30.50 (B) 36.66 (C) 39.66 (D) 41.02

15.The ratio between the expenditure on taxes for the years 2016 and
2018, is approximately
(A) 17:11 (B) 27:22 (C) 31:27 (D) 19:17

Study the data table and answer the questions that follow (16-20) The
following table shows the maximum marks of each subject inside the
bracket and percentage of marks obtained by seven students in six
different subjects in the exam
Student/subj Comput Chemist Physic Geograp Histor Maat
ect er ry s hy y hs
science (130) (120) (100) (50) (40)
(150)
Piyush 90 50 90 60 77 80
Gaurav 100 80 80 40 80 70
Mayank 90 60 70 70 90 70
Vimal 80 65 80 80 60 60
Vikas 80 65 85 95 50 90
Varun 70 75 65 85 40 60
Ashish 65 35 65 77 80 80

16.What is the overall percentage of Ashish?

(A) 54% (B) 68% (C) 59.66% (D) 63%

17.In which subject is the overall percentage the best?

(A) Computer Science
(B) Chemistry
(C) Math
(D) Physics

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18.The number of students who obtained 60% and above marks in all
subject is:
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 2 (D) 1

19.What are the average percentage of marks(%) obtained by all the seven
students in Physics?
(A) ~82.42 (B) ~74.28 (C) ~86.24 (D) ~95.14

20.What are the aggregate of marks obtained by Mayank in all the six
subjects?
(A) 432 (B) 456 (C) 460 (D) 440

Study the data given in the table and answer the questions that follow
(21-25) The following table shows the monthly reporting of patients for
different diseases to three hospitals in a city
Disease/hospital Hospital A Hospital B Hospital C
Heart attack 320 240 360
Blood suger 650 1350 1950
Blood pressure 700 1400 2100
Kidney problems 210 420 630

21.What is the percentage of number of patients reporting for blood sugar

compared to the total patients in all three hospitals?
(A) - 25.90 % (B) - 38.24 % (C) - 39.42 %
(D) - 35.12 %

22.For patients reporting for kidney problems, what is the ratio of the
number of patients reporting at hospital A and those reporting at
hospital C?
(A) 2:3 (B) 3:4 (C) 1:3
(D) 1:5

23.What is the average number of patients for the least reported disease?
(A) ~ 415.2 (B) ~ 325.4 (C) ~ 391.7 (D) ~ 306.6

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24.What is the percentage increase in the total number of patients from
hospital A to hospital C? (A) ~120% (B) ~ 168% (C) ~ 141
% (D) ~ 145 %

25.What is the percentage increase in the number of patients reporting

heart attacks from hospital A to hospital C?
(A) 12.5 % (B) 13.2% (C) 11.9% (D) 9.2%

Based on the data in the table, answer the questions that follow (26-
30) The following table embodies the details about the students of the
different departments' A, B and C in a University for participating in the
blood donation camp.
Participation in Blood Donation Camp – Data
Department Percentage of Percentage of Number of
girls blood donating blood donating
boys
A 25% 40% 48
B 40% 50% 75
C 30% 70% 39

26.What is the ratio of the number of blood donors in the department 'A'
compared to the number of blood donors in 'B'?
(A)1:5 (B) 2:5 (C) 9:16 (D)8:15

27.If 45 boys from the department 'B' did not donate blood, then the total
number of students in the department 'B' is
(A)120 (B) 150 (C) 80 (D)200

28.The number of students who donated blood in the department ·c is

(A)39 (B) 91 (C) 130 (D)169

29.The number of girls in the department 'A' who donated blood is

(A)32 (B) 130 (C) 55 (D)48

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30.In case all the girls in the department 'A' donated blood, then the
number of boys in the department 'A' who did not participate in the
blood donation camp is
(A)32 (B) 48 (C) 60 (D)56

UGC NET-December 2019

Directions (Q. Nos. 1-5) The following table presents the data on the number
of vehicles of three different types (A, B and C) produced by a company during
seven different years from 2012 to 2018. Based on the data in the table,
answer the given questions.
Year-wise production of three types of vehicles
Vehical/year A-Type B-Type C-type
2012 5000 20000 15000
2013 15000 10000 22500
2014 10000 15000 30000
2015 17500 15000 23000
2016 25000 20000 15000
2017 13000 25000 20000
2018 30000 35000 25000

1 In how many year was the production of A-type vehicles less than its
average production over the given years?
(A) 2 (B) 4. (C) 3 (D) 1

2 In which of the following years was the total production of all the three
types of vehicles 60000?
(A) 2013 (B) 2014
(C) 2015 (D) 2016

3 What was the average number of B-type vehicles produced by the

company over the years?
(A) 20000 (B) 25000
(C) 15000 (D) 30000

4 The number of A-type vehicles produced in the year 2014 was what per
cent (%) of the
number of C-type vehicles produced in the her year 2016?

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(A) - 33.33% (B) – 66,67%
(C) 50% ! (D) 15%

5 What was the average of all three types vehicles produced by the
company in the year 2012?
(A) 13333 (B) 13600
(C) 10500 (D) 11000

Directions (Q. Nos. 6-10) The following table shows, the percentage (%) profit
earned by Company A, income of Company B and expenditure of Company B
during the years, 2013-18 as well as formula to compute percentage (%) profit.
Based on the data in the table, answer the given questions.

Year-wise Financial Details (in lakhs)

Year Per cent Income of Expenditure
profit of A B of B
(in ₹ lakhs) (in ₹ lakhs)
2013 40% 48.6 36
2014 25% 35 25
2015 60% 62.4 48
2016 40% 77 44
2017 10% 80 50
2018 20% 72 45

Where, profit
Income−Expenditure
= × 100
Expenditure

6 In the expenditure of Company A in year 2017 was 45 lakhs, then the net
profit (in lakhs) of Company A is what per cent of net profit (in lakhs) of
Company B in the same year?
(A) 15% (B) 25%
(C) 40% (D) 75%

7 If the income of Company A in the year 2018 was 90 lakhs, then the net
profit (in lakhs) of Company B in 2018 is what per cent more than not
profit (in lakhs) of Company A?

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(A) 30% (B) 60%
(C) 75% (D) 80%

8 The per cent profit of Company B was maximum in the year

(A) 2014. (B) 2015
(C) 2016 (D) 2017

9 In the income of the Company A in the year 2014 happened to be ? 32,5

lakhs, then what was the sum of the net profit (in * lakhs) of Company A
and Company B in 2014?
(A) * 12.8 lakhs (B) 13.2 lakhs
(C)* 15 lakhs (D) * 16.5 lakhs

10 What is the difference between per cent (%) profit of Company A and
Company B in the year 2013?
(A) 5% (B)7%
(C) 12% (D) 15%

Directions (Q. Nos. 11-15) Consider the following table that shows the amount
of exports ( in crore) from three different Companies A, B and Cover the years
2012-2018. Based on the data in the table, answer the given questions.
Year-wise Amount of Export from Companies

year Amount of Export (₹ in crore)

A B C
2012 40 90 70
2013 70 50 100
2014 50 70 130
2015 80 70 100
2016 110 90 70
2017 60 110 90
2018 130 150 110

11 In how many of the given years, were the export from Company A more
than its average annual export over the given years?
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) 5

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12 For which of the following pairs of years, the total exports from the
three companies put are equal?
(A) 2014 and 2017 (B) 2015 and 2017
(C) 2016 and 2017 (D) 2014 and 2015

13 In which year, the absolute difference between the exports from

Companies A and
B was the minimum?
(A) 2013 (B) 2014
(C) 2015 (D) 2016

14 Average annual amount of export during the given period for Company B
is
approximately what per cent (%) of the 00 average annual amount of
export for
Company C?
(A) 89.64% (B) 91.21%
(C) 94.03% (D) 93.33%

15 What was the difference between the average export of three

companies in 2017 and the average export of three companies in 2012?
(A) * 16.33 crore . (B) 18.67 crore
(C) * 25 crorea (D) 20 crore

UGC NET-June 2019

Directions (Q. Nos. 16-20) Consider the following table that shows expenditure
of a company (in lakh rupees) per annum over the given years. Answer the
questions based on data contained in the table.
Item of expenditure
Year Salaey Transport Bonus Interest Taaxws
on
loans
2008 150 90 2.00 20.0 80
2009 180 100 2.50 30.5 95
2010 200 110 2.75 35.5 105
2011 240 115 3.00 40.0 85
2012 250 125 3.25 42.5 100

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16 Total expenditure of all the items in 2008 was approximately what,

percentage of the total expenditure in 2012?
(A) 66% (B) 69%
(C) 72% (D) 75%

17 The total amount of bonus paid by the company during the given period
is approximately what per cent of the total amount of salary paid during
this period?
(A) 0.9% (B) 1.3%
(C) 1.6% (D) 2.0%

18 The approximate ratio between the total expenditure on taxes for all the
years and the total expenditure on transport for all the years is
(A) 31 : 40 (B) 25 : 36
(C) 27 : 30 (D) 31:36

19 The approximate ratio between the total expenditure of the company in

the year 2008 and the total expenditure of the company in the year
2009 is
(A) 57 : 750 (B) 62 : 68
(C) 57: 68 m (D) 68 : 57

20 What is the average amount of interest per year which the company had
to pay (in rupees) during this period?
(A) 30.5 lakh (B) 32,7 lakh
(C) 33.7 lakh (D) 35.5 lakh

Directions (Q. Nos. 21-25) Consider the following table that shows the
production of fertilizers by a company (in 10000 tonnes during the year 2011
to 2018).
Answer the questions based on the 20, data contained in the table
YEAR 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Production 35 50 70 55 75 60 85 90
Of
Fertilizers

21 What was the approximate percentage increase in production of

fertilizers in 2018 compared to that in 2011?

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(A) 157% (B) 165%
(C) 177% (D) 182%

22 What was the percentage decline in the production of fertilizers from

2013 to 2014?
(A) 20.4% (B) 21.4%
(C) 22.6% (D) 24.2%

23 In which year, the percentage increase in production as compared to the

previous year was maximum?
(A) 2012 (B) 2013
(C) 2015 (D) 2018

24 The average production of 2012 and 2013 was exactly equal to the
average production of which of the following pairs of years?
(A) 2011 and 2012 (B) 2011 and 2017
(C) 2012 and 2014 (D) 2015 and 2016

25 In how many of the given years was the production of fertilizers more
than the average production of the given years?
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) 5

Directions (Q. Nos. 26-30) Consider the following table that shows the total
number of tickets sold of five movies, P, Q, R, S and T across 2 cinema houses A
and B on a particular day. In accordance with the table, answer the questions
that follow :
Sale of Movie tickets cinema
House- wise
Movies CINEMA
A B
P 200 300
Q 350 400
R 250 350
S 300 350
T 400 250

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26 What is the average number of tickets sold at Cinema B for Movies T and
S together?
(A) 360 (B) 320
(C) 300 (D) 3400

27 What is the difference between the total number of tickets sold of all
movies together at Cinema A and number of tickets sold of all movies
together at Cinema B?
(A) 180 (B) 170
(C) 150 (D) 160

28 What is the total number of tickets sold of Movie Q and R together at

both the
Cinemas A and B together?
(A) 1050 (B) 1200
(C) 1250 (D) 1350

29 What is the ratio of the number of tickets sold of Movie Pat Cinema B to
the number of tickets sold of Movie Q at Cinema B?
(A) 2:3 (B) 3:4
(C) 1:2 (D) 3: 5

30 The number of tickets sold of Movie T at Cinema A in what per cent of

the number of tickets of Movie P sold at Cinema A?
(A) 220% (B) 200%
(C) 210% (D) 190%

Directions (Q. Nos. 31-35) Consider the following table that shows the
distribution of students in two Sections A and B in a school according to the
marks obtained by them. There is a total of 45 min students in each of the
Sections A and B. Answer the questions based on the data contained in the
table.
Marks obtained by student
Marks Number of Student
Section-A Section-B
0-9 2 4
10-19 5 5
20-29 10 9

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30-39 4 4
40-49 8 7
50-59 4 5
60-69 7 5
70-79 5 6

31 How many students in Section A have obtained 30 or more marks but

less than
(A) 12 (B) 14
(C) 10 (D) 13

32 If the passing marks is 40, approximately what is the percentage of

successful students in Section B?
(A) 48% (B) 51%
(C) 50% (D) 47%

33 How many students in Section A and Section B have obtained 50 or more

than 50 marks?
(A) 23. (B) 43
(C) 32 (D) 34

34 If the passing marks is 30, what is the number of failures in both the
sections together?
(A) 43 (B) 35
(C) 16 (D) 26)

35 How many students in Section A and Section B together have obtained

marks 25% less than 10?
(A) 10 . (B) 11
(C) 12 (D) 6

UGC NET-December 2018

Directions (Q.Nos. 36-40) The table below embodies data on the production,
exports and percapita consumption of rice in Country P for the five years from
2012 to 2016. Answer the questions 36-40 based on the data contained in the
table.

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Year Production Exports Per Capita
(in million kg) (in million kg) Consumption
(in million kg)
2012 186.5 114 36.25
2013 202 114 35.2
2014 238 130 38.7
2015 221 116 40.5
2016 215 88 42

Where, Per Capita Consumption = (Consumption in million kg) + (population in

million) and consumption (in million kg) = Production - Exports

36 In which year, the population of country was the highest?

(A) 2015 (B) 2016
(C) 2013 (D) 2014

37 The ratio of exports to consumption in the given period was the highest
in the year :
(A) 2014. (B) 2015
(C) 2012 (D) 2013

38 What is the population of the country in the year 2014 (in million)?
(A) 2.79 (B) 2.85
(C) 2,64 (D) 2.72

39 The percentage increase in the consumption of rice over the previous

year was the highest in which year?
(A) 2015 (B) 2016
(C) 2013 (D) 2014

40 What is the average consumption of rice (in million kg) over the years
2012-2016?
(A) 108 (B) 100.1
(C) 104 (D) 102.1

UGC NET-July 2018

Directions (Q. Nos. 41-45) In accordance , with the tables I and II, answer the
questions that follow. Consider the following two tables (I and II) in which table
I shows the point percentage of students who joined and successfully
completed the Ph.D programme from the Universities A to G and table II shows

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the number of foreign Ph.D students enrolled in the University C. These
percentages have been rounded to the nearest whole number. There are the
total of 855 Ph.D students in the University C and A total of 5700 students
successfully completed the Ph.D programme from all the seven universities
together.

I-Students University-Wise
Name of Percentage of Percentage of
University student student
Who joined Who
Ph.D. successfully
Completed
Ph.D
A 22 18
B 15 17
C 10 13
D 17 16
E 08 09
F 12 15
G 16 12

II-Foreign Ph.D Students in University C

Foreign Students Number of Ph.D
Students in
University C
American 65
Australian 46
African 25
European 35

41 In case, there are 21 African students in University E, then

approximately, what is their per cent in that university?
(A) 5% (B) 2%
(C) 3% (D) 4%

42 What is the ratio of students who successfully completed the Ph.D

programme to the students who joined in the University G?
(A) 1:2 (B) 9:17
(C) 3:4. (D) 6:11

43 What percentage of students in University C is that of foreign students ?

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(A) 20% (B) 15%
(C) 25% (D)30%

44 The number of students who completed the Ph.D programme from

Universities A and D together exceeds the number of students who
joined the Universities C and E together, by
(A) 369 (B) 399
(C) 409 (D) 419

45 Which university has the highest percentage of students who

successfully completed the Ph.D programme out of the students who
joined that university?
(A) E (B) F
(C) B (D) C

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ANSWER UGC-NET 2021
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C C C C B C A C B D
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
B D C D A B B D D D
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A C D B B D C B D A

ANSWER UGC-NET 2020

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A D C D B A B B B D
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
D C A B B C A C B D
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
B C D B A D D C A B

Answers Previous Year Questions

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
B D A B A A D C D A
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
B D C C D A B D C C
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A B A B C C C D B B
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A B C B D B C A D B
41 42 43 44 45
C A A B D

Answer Practice Questions

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
D C A C B B B B B A
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
B B C A D A A B C B
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
B B B D D C B B D D

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31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A D D A A D A A D C
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
A A B C B D C C B B
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
D C A B B C C D A C
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
D B B B A D D C C D
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
D C D B D A C A D A
81 82 83 84 85 96 97 88 89 90
A B D D C A B C D B
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
B A D B B A D C D B

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