Unit 1: Applying for a job & Business document

I. VOCABULARY
Applying for a job
When employers want to fill a permanent or short-term/temporary vacancy, they usually advertise the
position in a newspaper or on the Internet. If you want to apply for the job, you should send a well-written
cover letter and résumé to the company or recruitment agency. You should give details of your qualifications
and references. If they think you might be the right candidate for the job, they will call you in for an interview.
As well as the right qualifications and relevant work experience, they might look for other qualities, including
people skills, communication skills, and the ability to work well as a team member. After the interview the
company will decide whether to reject or hire you.
Employ: (v) …………
Employment:
Employer:
Employee:
Temporary: (adj) ………… = short-term ≠ permanent
Vacancy: (n) …………
Ex: Since Mr.Jone retires, there has been a vacancy for the secetary in our office
Apply for the job: (v) …………
Cover letter: (n) …………
Résume: (n) ………… = CV
Recruitment agency: (n) …………
Qualification: (n) …………
Reference: (n) …………
Interview: (n, v) …………
Candidate: (n) …………
Experience: (n) …………
Skill: (n) …………
Reject: (v) ………… = Refuse
Hire: (v) …………
Work: (n, v) …………
Job: (n) …………
Career: (n) …………

Business document
There are many different types of business documents and these days they can be either in paper or
electronic form. If you work in business, you are likely to see a lot of correspondence in your in-boxes,
including letters, emails, and faxes, as well as internal documents such as memos, reports, spreadsheets, and
inventories. You can keep paper documents or hard copies of electronic documents in files or folders at your
desk. However, if they are confidential, you might want to put them somewhere more secure. If you want
extra copies, you can photocopy the original. On a computer, you can organize your documents, or files, into
folders to make them easier to find. Then, if you want to send them to someone, you can email them as an
attachment.
Internal document: (n) …………
Memo: (n) …………
Report: (n) …………
Spreadsheet: (n) …………
Inventory: (n) …………
Hard copy: (n) ………… ≠ soft copy
Confidential: (adj) …………
Attach: (v) …………

Exercises:
1. Replace the underlined word or phrase in each of the following sentences with a word from the box that
has the same or similar meaning.
vacancies candidates employment hire impressed reject temporary
1. Peter certainly made a positive impression on the audience with his lecture. ___impressed___
2. We plan to employ three new people in the components department. ____________
3. How many applicants are we seeing this morning? ____________
4. Bentley's is advertising several openings for a sales representative. ____________
5. I've been contacted by the recruitment agency about your vacancy. ____________
6. He did several short-term jobs in different companies. ____________
7. We don't accept candidates who don't speak a foreign language. ____________

2. Read this extract from an email and underline the correct word.
Hi Faryal,
I have some great news! Do you remember helping me for a job? Well, last month, I 1 applied / impressed for
a job at a large marketing company. I wasn't sure if 1 had all the right 2 requirements/qualifications, but I've
taken a marketing course, so I wrote to the company I included the 3 recruitment/ résumé you helped me
write and some 4 references / employer letters from my last two bosses. Someone from the company phoned
me last week and asked me to come for an 5 interview / application the next day. I was a bit nervous, but I
knew that I really had to 6 position / impress the interviewers. So before I went I practiced answering the
interview questions that you emalled me. The Interview was quite long but go quite well. And I've just heard
that they are 7 offering/ opening me the job. I am the successful 8 hire / candidate! So I just wanted to thank
you for the help you gave me..

3. Choose the best definitions for the words in the box.

attachment email file folder correspondence
photocopy fax memo report
1. a message that is sent over the Internet ______email ______
2. a machine-made copy of a document ____________
3. information that you store on a computer as one unit ____________
4. a document with details of an event or situation ____________
5. a place on a computer where you can store files or programs ____________
6. a short message sent to the staff of a company ____________
7. a computer file that is sent with an email message ____________
8. letters written from one person to another ____________
9.a document sent by electronic image through a telephone line ____________

4. Fill in the blanks with the correct word in the box.

correspondence inventory copy report folder in-box memo
1. The manager sent around a ___memo___ about possible overtime hours.
2. Thank you for the______ of the memo l misplaced.
3. I'm looking for the ______ that contains all the new customer files.
4. I have to lake tare of all these documents In my ______ before leaving this evening.
5. These figures don't match the ones in the market research ______
6. The stock room is closed while they take ______ of all the items in stock.

II. GRAMMAR
FIVE SENTENCE STRUCTURES IN ENGLISH
• Subject is who or what does the action in a sentence.
• Verb refers to the action or state of the subject.
• Object is the receiver of the action in a sentence. There are indirect object and direct object.
• Complement completes the meaning of a verb and adds more Information to the subject or object in a
sentence. There are subject complemet and object complement.
• Modifier is a word or a group of words that modity nouns, verbs, adjectives, or a whole sen- tence. It is not a
must, but it adds more information to a sentence.

Pattern 1: Subject + Intransitive Verb + Adverb

In this pattern, the action or state of the subject can be completely described only by the verb.
Ex: The new employee works hard.
Ex: Profits increased steadily last year.

Pattern 2: Subject + Linking Verb (be, remain, get, become, etc.) + Complement (Adjective, Noun)
In this pattern, the linking verb, which is incomplete, is followed by an adjective (to describe the state of the
subject) or a noun (to give additional explanation about the subject). Typical linking verbs are be, remain, get,
become, etc.
Ex: The serious problem was difficult to solve.
 The adjective “difficult” describes the state of the subject problem.

Pattern 3: Subject + Transitive Verb + Object

In this pattern, the transitive verb requires an object. The object can be a noun, a pronoun, a that clause, or a
gerund (V-ing). Some verbs are always transitive, some are always intransitive, and some others can be either
transitive or intransitive. It is important to know which verbs can be used in which patterns
Ex: The managers are discussing the sales figures.
Ex: The sales report shows that our company is going bankrupt.

Pattern 4: Subject + Double-Object Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object

In this pattern, the direct object is the receiver of action while the indirect object identifies to or for whom or
what the action of the double object verb is performed. Some common verbs of this pattern include offer
grant, bring, present, and lend, ...
Ex: I will give an outstanding employee an aware.
Ex: The store sent us a number of receipts.

We can swap the positions of the direct and indirect object:

Double Object Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object
-> Double Object Verb + Direct Object + Preposition “to” + Indirect Object

Ex: I gave her the key

 I gave the key to her

Pattern 5: Subject + Verb + Object + Object Complement (Adjective)

In this pattern, the object is followed and modified by an object complement. The object complement is often
an adjective.
Ex: Last month's bonuses made me happy.
Ex: We should keep our office clean at all times.

Exercises:
1. Look at the elements in each of the following sentences and choose one correct option to complete the
sentence.
Your answer:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

2. Identify the structure in each of the following sentences.

1. The chairs in the meeting room looked new.
2. The engineer made his colleagues an effective device.
3. I found the discussion useful.
4. The printer over there is not working.
5. The company announced a new policy.
6. The new cleaning company keeps the office clean every day.

3.
III. LISTENING
Photo of one person

Listen and complete each statement with the missing words, then choose the best description for each
photo.

(A) A man is ________ a pair of shoes. (A) She is ________ a document.

(B) A man is ________. (B) She is ________.
(C) A man is ________. (C) She is ________a laptop.

Photo of two people

Listen and complete each statement with the missing words, then choose the best description for each
photo.
 (A) They ________ some vegetables. (A) The men ________ horses.
(B) They ________. (B) The men________.
(C) They ________on a ________. (C) The men________a picture of a
________.

Photo of more than two people

Listen and complete each statement with the missing words, then choose the best description for each
photo.

(A) ________ are ________ the ________. (A) A man ________ to a ________.
(B) ________ under a tree. (B) Some people are________ at a
(C) ________looking ________. ________.
(C) ________ food on her plate.

Practice: Listen and choose the statement that best describes each photo.
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

6.