1.

Whati
sAut omati
onTesting?
Automat
iontesti
ngistheprocessoftesti
ngthesof
twareusinganautomationtoolt
ofindthedefect
s.
Int
hispr
ocess,execut
ingthetestscri
ptsandgener
atingt
her esul
tsareper
formedautomatical
lyby
aut
omationtool
s.Somemostpopul art
oolst
odoaut omati
ont est
ingareHPQTP/ UFT,Sel
enium
WebDri
ver,et
c.,

2.Whatar
et hebenef
it
sofAutomationTest
ing?
 Sav esti
meandmoney .Automati
ont est
ingi
sfast
eri
nexecut
ion.
 Reusabili
tyofcode.Cr
eat
eonet i
meandexecut emul
ti
plet
imeswithl
essornomai
ntenance.

 Easyreport
ing.Itgener atesaut omat icr eportsaftertestexecution.
 Easyforcompat ibil
it
yt esting.Itenabl espar all
elexecutioninthecombi nati
onofdiff
erentOS
andbrowserenv ironment s.
 Low-costmaintenance.I tischeapercompar edtomanual test
inginalongrun.
 Automatedtestingismor er eli
able.
 Automatedtestingismor epower ful andv er
sati
le.
 Iti
smost l
yusedf orregressi ontesting.Suppor t
sexecut ionofrepeatedtestcases.
 Minimalmanual intervention.Testscr iptscanber ununat t
ended.
 Maximum cov erage.Ithel pst oincreaset hetestcov er
age.

3.Whatty
peoftest
shavey
ouaut omated?
Ourmainfocusi
stoaut
omatetestcasestodoRegr
essi
ontesti
ng,
Smoketest
ing,
andSani
tytest
ing.
Someti
mesbasedonthepr
ojectandthetestt
imeest
imati
on,wedofocusonEndtoEndt
esti
ng.

4.Howmanyt estcasesyouhav eaut

omatedperday?
ItdependsonTestcasescenar i
ocomplexi
tyandlengt
h.Ididautomate2-
5testscenar
iosperday
whent hecomplexit
yisli
mited.Someti
mesjust1orfewertestscenar
iosi
nadaywhent he
compl exi
tyi
shigh.

5.WhatisaFramework?
Aframeworkdefi
nesasetofr ul
esorbestpract
iceswhichwecanfol
l
owinasyst
emati
cwayto
achi
evethedesi
redresul
ts.Ther
earedif
ferentt
y pesofaut
omati
onfr
amewor
ksandthemost
commononesar e:
•Dat aDri
venTesti
ngFramewor k
•Key wordDri
venTesti
ngFr amewor
k
•Hy bri
dTesti
ngFramewor k

6.Hav eyoucreat
edanyFr amewor k?
I
fy ouareabeginner:No,Ididn’
tgetachancetocreat
eaf r
amewor
k.Ihaveusedthef
ramework
whichisalr
eadyav ai
labl
e.
I
fy ouareanexperiencedtester
:Yes,Ihav
ecreat
edaf ramewor
k.OrIhav
einvolv
edinthecr
eat
ionof
theframework.

7.Canyouexpl
aintheFrameworkwhichyouhaveusedinyourSel
eni
um Pr
oject
?
Herewehaveclear
lyexplai
nedeachcomponentofFramework.

8.Whydoy
oupr
eferSel
eni
um Aut
omat
ionTool
?

 Fr
eeandopensour ce
 Havel
argeuserbaseandhel
pingcommuni
ti
es
  Cr
ossbrowsercompat i
bil
i
ty
 Pl
atf
orm compati
bil
it
y
 Mult
ipl
eprogr
ammi nglanguagessuppor
t

9.Whati sSel enium?

Selenium isanopensour ce( f
ree)aut omat edt est
ingsuitet
otestwebappl
icat
ions.I
tsupport
s
diff
erentplatformsandbr owser s.Ithasgai nedal otofpopul
ari
tyi
ntermsofweb-basedautomat
ed
testi
ngandgi vi
ngagr eatcompet i
ti
ontot hef amouscommer ci
alt
oolHPQTP( QuickTest
Professional)AKAHPUFT( UnifiedFunctional Testi
ng).
Selenium isasetofdi fferentsof twaretools.Eacht oolhasadif
fer
entappr
oachinsupporti
ngweb
basedaut omat iontesti
ng.
I
thasf ourcomponent snamel y,
iSel enium IDE( Int
egratedDev el opmentEnv i
ronment)
i
iSel enium RC( RemoteCont rol)–sel enium 1
i
iiSelenium WebDr i
ver–sel enium 2&3
i
vSel enium Gr i
d

10.WhatisSelenium I
DE?
Sel
enium I
DE( I
ntegrat
edDev el
opmentEnvi
ronment)i
saFiref
oxplugin.Iti
sthesimpl
estf
ramewor
k
i
ntheSelenium Suit
e.Ital
lowsustorecor
dandplaybackt
hescr i
pts.Eventhoughwecancreat
e
scri
ptsusi
ngSelenium IDE,weneedtouseSeleni
um RCorSeleni
um WebDr ivert
owri
temore
advancedandrobusttestcases.

11.Whati
sSelenese?
Sel
enesei
sthelanguagewhi
chi
susedt
owr
it
etestscr
ipt
sinSel
eni
um I
DE.

12.Whi
chi
stheonl
ybr
owsert
hatsuppor
tsSel
eni
um I
DEt
obeused?
Fi
ref
ox

13.Whati sSel
enium RC?
Selenium RCAKASel eni
um 1.Selenium RCwast hemainSel eni
um proj
ectf
oralongtimebef or
ethe
WebDr i
vermer
gebr oughtupSelenium 2.Seleni
um 1issti
l
l acti
vel
ysupport
ed(i
nmai ntenancemode).
Itr
eliesonJavaScri
ptforautomation.Itsupport
sJava,Javascri
pt,Ruby
,PHP,Python,PerlandC#.I
t
suppor t
salmosteverybrowseroutt her
e.

14.WhatisSeleni
um WebDri
ver?
Seleni
um WebDriv
erAKASelenium 2isabrowseraut omat
ionf r
amewor kthatacceptscommands
andsendsthem toabrowser
.Itisimplementedthroughabrowser-speci
fi
cdr i
ver.I
tcontr
olsthe
browserbydi
rectl
ycommunicatingwit
hit.Seleni
um WebDriversupport
sJav a,C#,PHP,Python,Per
l,
Ruby .

15.WhatisSeleni
um Grid?
Sel
enium Gri
disatoolusedtogetherwithSel
eni
um RCt oruntest
sondi
ff
erentmachi
nesagai
nst
di
ffer
entbrowsersinparal
lel
.Thati
s,runni
ngmul t
ipl
etestsatt
hesameti
meagainstdi
ff
erent
machinesrunni
ngdiff
erentbrowsersandoperat
ingsystems.

Insi
mplewords,
iti
susedt
odi
str
ibut
eyourt
estexecut
iononmul
ti
plepl
atf
ormsandenv
ironment
s
concur
rent
ly.
16.Whendoy ouuseSeleni
um Gri
d?
Seleni
um Gri
dcanbeusedtoexecutesameordiff
erentt
estscri
ptsonmul
ti
plepl
atf
ormsand
browsersconcur
rent
lysoastoachi
evedi
str
ibut
edtestexecut
ion

17.Whatar
etheadvantagesofSeleni
um Gri
d?
I
tall
owsrunni
ngtestcasesinparal
lel
ther
ebysavi
ngt
estexecut
iont
ime.
I
tall
owsmulti
-br
owsertesti
ng
I
tall
owsustoexecutetestcasesonmulti
-pl
atf
orm

18.Whati
sahubinSel
eni
um Gr
id?
Ahubisaser
veroracent
ral
poi
ntthatcont
rol
sthet
estexecut
ionsondi
ff
erentmachi
nes.

19.Whatisanodei
nSel
eni
um Gri
d?
Nodeisthemachi
newhi
chisat
tachedt
othehub.Ther
ecanbemul
ti
plenodesi
nSel
eni
um Gr
id.

20.Whatar et hetypesofWebDr
iverAPI
sav
ail
abl
einSel
eni
um?
•FirefoxDr i
v er
•GeckoDr iver
•InternetExplorerDri
ver
•Chr omeDr i
v er
•HTMLUNI TDr i
ver
•Oper aDr iv
er
•Saf ariDri
ver
•Andr oidDr i
v er
•iPhoneDr i
ver
•Ev entFir
ingWebDr iv
er

21.Whi
chWebDr
iveri
mpl
ement
ati
oncl
aimst
obet
hef
ast
est
?

Thefast
estimpl
ementat
ionofWebDr
iveri
stheHTMLUni
tDr
iver
.Iti
sbecauset
heHTMLUni
tDr
iver
doesnotexecut
etest
sinthebr
owser
.

22.Whatar
ethePr
ogr
ammi
ngLanguagessuppor
tedbySel
eni
um WebDi
ver
?
•Java
•C#
•Py t
hon
•Ruby
•Perl
•PHP

23.Whatar
etheOper
ati
ngSy
stemssuppor
tedbySel
eni
um WebDr
iver
?
•Wi ndows
•Linux
•Appl e

24.Whatar
etheOpen-
sour
ceFr
amewor
kssuppor
tedbySel
eni
um WebDr
iver
?
•JUnit
•Test
NG
•CUCUMBER
•JBHEAVE

25.Whatar etheLocatorsav
ail
abl
einSel
eni
um?
Dif
ferenttypesoflocat
orsar
e:
1ID–
2Cl assName–
3Name–
4TagName–
5Li nkText–
6Par ti
alLi
nkText–
7XPat h–
8CSSSel ector–

26.Whati
saXPath?
XPathi
susedtol
ocatet
heel
ements.Usi
ngXPat
h,wecoul
dnav
igatet
hroughelement
sand
att
ri
but
esinanXMLdocumentt
olocatewebel
ement
ssuchastext
box,but
ton,
checkbox
,Imageet
c.,
i
nawebpage.

27.Whatist
hediff
erencebet
ween“ /
”and“//
”
Si
ngleSl
ash“/”–Singlesl
ashisusedtocr
eateXPathwithabsol
utepat
hi.
e.t
heXPat
hwoul
dbe
creat
edtost
artsel
ecti
onfrom t
hedocumentnode/st
artnode.

DoubleSl
ash“//
”–Doublesl
ashisusedt
ocreat
eXPathwit
hrelat
ivepat
hi.
e.t
heXPat
hwoul
dbe
cr
eatedtost
artsel
ect
ionf
rom any
wherewit
hint
hedocument.

28.Whati sthedi fferencebet weenAbsolutePathandRel ati

vePath?
AbsoluteXPat hstartsf r
om therootnodeandendswi thdesir
eddescendantel
ement ’
snode.I
tstar
ts
withtopHTMLnodeandendswi t
hinputnode.Itstar
tswithasinglef
orwardslash(
/)asshownbelow.
/ht
ml/ body/div[3]
/div[1]/for
m/ t
able/
tbody/t
r[1]
/td/
input
Relat
iveXPat hst artsfrom anynodei nbetweent heHTMLpaget othecurr
entelement’
snode(
last
nodeoft heel ement ).Itstar
tswithasingl
ef orwardslash(
//)asshownbelow.
//i
nput[@id='emai l
']

29.Whatisthedi
ff
erencebetweenAssertandVerifyi
nSeleni
um?
Assert
:Insi
mplewords,i
ftheassertcondit
ioni
struethenthepr
ogram controlwi
ll
executet
henext
testst
epbutift
hecondit
ioni
sf al
se,theexecut
ionwil
lstopandfur
therteststepwil
lnotbeexecut
ed.

Veri
fy:
Insimpl
ewords,t
her
ewon’
tbeanyhal
tint
het
estexecut
ionev
ent
hought
hev
eri
fycondi
ti
on
i
strueorfal
se.
Fordetai
l
edpostcheckt
hebel
owl
ink.

30.WhatareSoftAssertandHardAsser
tinSel
eni
um?
SoftAsser
t:Sof
tAssertcoll
ect
serr
orsdurng@TestSof
i tAsser
tdoesnotthr
owanexcept
ionwhen
anassertf
ail
sandwoul dconti
nuewit
hthenextst
epaft
ertheasser
tstat
ement

Har
dAsser
t:Har
dAsser
tthr
owsanAsser
tExcept
ioni
mmedi
atel
ywhenanasser
tst
atementf
ail
sand
t
estsui
tecont
inueswi
thnext@Test

31.Whatar
ethever
if
icat
ionpoint
savail
abl
einSel
eni
um?
I
nSeleni
um I
DE,weuseSeleneseVer
ifyandAsser
tCommandsasVer
if
icat
ionpoi
nts

InSel
eni
um WebDr i
ver,t
herei
snobui l
t-
infeat
uresforver
if
icat
ionpoi
nts.I
ttot
all
ydependsonour
codi
ngstyl
e.someoft heVeri
fi
cati
onpointsare
Tocheckforpagetit
le
Tocheckforcert
aintext
Tocheckforcert
ainelement(
textbox,but
ton,dropdown,etc.
)

32.Howtol
aunchabrowserusi
ngSel
enium WebDr
iver
?
WebDri
veri
sanInt
erf
ace.Wecreat
eObjectofaWebDri
verI
nter
face.

<2.53–nogeckodri
ver
3.x–geckodr
iverf
orFF

Tol
aunchFi
ref
oxDr
iver
:WebDr
iverdr
iver=newFi
ref
oxDr
iver
();

Tol
aunchChr
omeDr
iver
:WebDr
iverdr
iver=newChr
omeDr
iver
();

Tol
aunchI
nter
netExpl
orerDr
iver
:WebDr
iverdr
iver=newI
nter
net
Expl
orer
Dri
ver
();

33.I
stheFir
efoxDr
iveraClassoranInt
erf
ace?
Fi
ref
oxDri
verisaJavaclass,andi
timpl
ementstheWebDr
iveri
nter
face.

34.Whati
sthesuperi
nter
faceofWebDr
iver
?
Sear
chCont
ext.

35.Expl
aint
hel
i
neofcodeWebdr
iverdr
iver=newFi
ref
oxDr
iver
();
?

‘WebDri
ver
‘isaninterf
aceandwear ecr
eatinganobj
ectr
eferenceoft
ypeWebDr
iveri
nst
ant
iat
ingan
obj
ectofFi
refoxDr
iverclass.
36.Wedocreateareferencev ar
iabl
e‘dr
iver
’ofty
peWebDriver
WebDr
iverdr
iver=newFi
ref
oxDr
iver
();

i
nst
eadofcr
eat
ing

Fi
ref
oxDr i
verdri
ver=newFir
efoxDri
ver
();
1 WebDr i
verdri
ver=newFir
efoxDri
ver
();
2
3 insteadofcreati
ng
4
5 FirefoxDri
verdri
ver=newFiref
oxDri
ver(
);

Whati
sthepurposeofdoi
ngthisway ?
fwecr
eatearefer
encevari
abledr
iveroft
ypeWebDri
vert
henwecoulduset
hesamedr
iverv
ari
abl
eto
wor
kwithanybrowserofourchoi
cesuchasIEDr
iver
,Saf
ari
Dri
veret
c.,

//
Firef
oxDriverdri
ver=newFirefoxDri
ver
();
ChromeDri
v erdri
ver=newChr omeDr i
ver
();
dr
iver.
get
(“http:
//www.googl
e.com” )
;

WebDr
iverdr
iver=newFi
ref
oxDr
iver
();

37.Whatar ethedi ff
erentexcept
ionsy
ouhav
efacedi
nSel
eni
um WebDr
iver
?
•WebDr i
v erExcept i
on
•Timeout Exception
•NoAl ertPresent Excepti
on
•NoSuchWi ndowExcept ion
•NoSuchEl ement Excepti
on
•StaleElement ReferenceExcept
ion
•Ill
egalStat eExcept i
on

38.HowToLogi nInt
oAnySi t
eIfI
tIsShowi
ngAnyAuthent
icat
ionPop-
UpForUser
nameAnd
Password?
Todot hi
swepassuser nameandpasswordwi
ththeURL
htt
p:/
/username:
password@url
e.
g.http:
//admi
n:admin123@xyz.
com

39.Whatar ethetypesofwait
savai
l
abl
einSel
enium WebDr
iver
?
I
nSelenium wecoul dseethr
eety
pesofwai
tssuchasImpli
citWai
ts,
Expl
i
citWai
tsandFl
uentWai
ts.
•ImplicitWaits–
•Expli
citWai ts–
•FluentWai ts–
•PageLoadTi meOut
•Thread. sl
eep()–stat
icwait
40.Whati sImpli
citWai tInSel
enium WebDr iv
er?
Impli
citwaitstel
ltotheWebDr i
vertowaitforacertai
namountofti
mebefor
eitt
hrowsanexcepti
on.
Oncewesett heti
me, WebDr iv
erwi l
lwaitfortheel
ementbasedonthet
imewesetbefor
eitthr
ows
anexcept i
on.Thedef aultset
ti
ngi s0(zero).Weneedtosetsomewaitt
imetomakeWebDr i
verto
waitfortherequi
redt i
me.

41.WhatisWebDr i
verWai tI
nSeleni
um WebDriver
?
WebDr i
verWai
tisappli
edonacer tai
nelementwithdefi
nedexpect
edcondi
ti
onandt
ime.Thi
swaiti
s
onlyappli
edtothespecif
iedelement.Thi
swaitcanalsothr
owanexcepti
onwhenanel
ementisnot
found.

42.Whati
sFluentWaitInSel
enium WebDri
ver?
Fl
uent
Waitcandefi
net hemaximum amountoft i
metowaitf
oraspecif
iccondit
ionandf requency
wit
hwhichtocheckthecondi
tionbefor
ethrowingan“
ElementNot
Visi
bleExcept
ion”exception.

43.Howt oinputtextinthetextboxusingSel
eni
um WebDr
iver
?
ByusingsendKeys( )met hod
WebDr i
verdri
ver=newFi ref
oxDri
ver
();
dri
ver
.get(
"htt
ps:/
/ www. gmail.
com")
;
dri
ver
.fi
ndElement(By.xpath(
"xpat
h")
).
sendKeys(
"t
est
");

44.Howt oinputtextinthetextboxwi thoutcall

ingthesendKeys()
?
//Toi ni
ti
ali
zejsobj ect
Javascri
ptExecutorJS=( Javascri
ptExecutor)
driver
;
//Toent erusername
JS.executeScri
pt("
document .getEl
ement ById(
‘User'
).
val
ue=test
.com'"
);

45.Howt ocleart
het extinthetextboxusingSel
enium WebDri
ver
?
Byusingclear(
)met hod
WebDr i
verdri
ver=newFi r
efoxDri
ver(
);
dri
ver
.get(
"htt
ps:/
/www. gmail
.com");
dri
ver
.fi
ndElement(By.xpath(
"xpat
h_of_el
ement1"
)).
sendKeys(
"Sof
twar
eTest
ingMat
eri
alWebsi
te"
);
dri
ver
.fi
ndElement(By.xpath(
"xpat
h_of_el
ement1"
)).
clear
();
46.Howtogetatextofawebel
ement
?
Byusingget
Text
()method

47.Howt ogetanat tr
ibut evalueusingSeleni
um WebDr iver?
ByusinggetAtt
ribute(
val ue);
48.Howt ocli
ckonahy perl
inkusingSelenium WebDriv
er ?
Weusecl i
ck()met hodinSel enium tocl
ickont hehyper
link
dri
ver
.fi
ndElement(By.l
inkText( “
Soft
wareTest i
ngMat er
ial Websi
te”)
).
cli
ck(
);
1 driver.
fi
ndElement (By .
li
nkText(“
Soft
war eTesti
ngMat eri
alWebsi
te”)
).
cli
ck(
);

49.Howt osubmitaform usingSeleni

um WebDri
ver?
Weuse“ submit”methodonel ementtosubmitafor
m
dri
ver.
fi
ndElement(
By.i
d("
form_ 1"
)).
submit
();
1
Alt
ernati
vel
y,youcanuseclickmet hodontheel
ementwhi
chdoesf
orm submi
ssi
on

50.Howt opr
essENTERkeyont extboxInSelenium WebDr
iver
?
TopressENTERkeyusingSeleni
um WebDr i
ver,
Weneedt ouseSel
eni
um Enum Key
swi
thi
ts
const
antENTER.
dri
ver
.f
indEl
ement(
By.
xpath(
"xpath"
)).
sendKeys(Keys.
ENTER);

51.Howt opauseat estexecuti

onfor5secondsataspeci
fi
cpoint?
Byusingjava.
lang.
Thread.sl
eep(l
ongmil
li
seconds)methodwecouldpausetheexecut
ionf
ora
specif
icti
me.Topause5seconds, weneedtopassparameteras5000(5seconds)
Thread.sl
eep(
5000)

52.I
sSeleni
um ServerneededtorunSeleni
um WebDriv
erScr
ipt
s?
Whenwear edist
ri
butingourSel
enium WebDri
verscr
iptst
oexecut
eusi
ngSel
eni
um Gr
id,
weneedt
o
useSel
enium Ser
ver.

53.Whathappensi fIrunt
hiscommand.driv
er.get(
“www.soft
war
et esti
ngmateri
al.
com”
);
Anexcepti
onist hrown.WeneedtopassHTTPpr ot
ocolwit
hindr
iver.get
()method.
dri
ver
.get
("ht
tp:/
/ www.sof
twaret
esti
ngmater
ial
.com");
1 driver
.get(
"http:/
/www.sof
twaret
est
ingmateri
al.
com");

54.Whatisthealt
ernat
ivetodri
ver.
get(
)methodtoopenanURLusi ngSel
eni
um WebDr
iver
?
Alt
ernat
ivemethodtodriver
.get
(“ur
l”
)methodisdr
iver
.nav
igat
e.t
o(“
url
”)

55.Whati
sthedi
ff
erencebet
weendr
iver
.get
()anddr
iver
.nav
igat
e.t
o(“
url
”)
?
dr
iver
.get
():
ToopenanURLandi twil
lwai
tti
l
lthewholepageget
sloaded
dr
iver
.nav
igate.
get
():
Tonav
igat
et oanURLandItwi
llnotwai
tti
ll
thewholepageget
sloaded

56.CanInav
igatebackandfor
thinabr
owseri
nSel
eni
um WebDri
ver
?
WeuseNav i
gateint
erf
acetodonavi
gat
ebackandf
ort
hinabrowser
.Ithasmet
hodst
omov
eback,
for
wardaswellastorefr
eshapage.

dr
iver
.nav
igat
e()
.f
orwar
d()
;–t
onav
igat
etot
henextwebpagewi
thr
efer
encet
othebr
owser
’shi
stor
y

dr
iver
.nav
igat
e()
.back(
);–t
akesbackt
othepr
evi
ouswebpagewi
thr
efer
encet
othebr
owser
’shi
stor
y

dr
iver
.nav
igat
e()
.r
efr
esh(
);–t
oref
resht
hecur
rentwebpaget
her
ebyr
eloadi
ngal
lthewebel
ement
s

dr
iver
.nav
igat
e()
.t
o(“
url
”)
;–t
olaunchanewwebbr
owserwi
ndowandnav
igat
etot
hespeci
fi
edURL

57.Whataret
hediff
erentt
ypesofnavi
gati
oncommands?
Referabov
equest
ion(CanInavi
gatebackandfor
thi
nabrowser
)

58.Howtofetchthecurr
entpageURLinSelenium?
Tofetcht
hecurrentpageURL,weusegetCurrent
URL(
)
dri
ver
.get
Curr
entUrl
();

59.Howcanwemaxi mizebr owserwi ndowi nSel

eni
um?
Tomaxi mizebrowserwi ndowi nselenium weusemaximi
ze(
)met
hod.Thi
smet
hodmaxi
mizest
he
curr
entwindowi fitisnotal r
eadymaxi mized
dri
ver.
manage( )
.window( ).maximize();
60.Howt odeletecooki esinSelenium?
Todeletecookiesweusedel et
eAllCookies()method
dri
ver.
manage( )
.deleteAllCooki
es();

61.Whatar
etheway storef
reshabrowserusi
ngSeleni
um WebDr
iver
?
Ther
earemulti
plewaystorefr
eshapageinseleni
um
•Usingdri
ver
.navi
gate(
).
refr
esh(
)commandasment i
onedint
hequesti
on45
•Usi
ngdri
ver.
get(
“URL”)onthecurr
entURLorusingdr
iver
.get
Current
Url
()
•Usi
ngdri
ver.
navi
gate()
.to(
“URL”
)onthecur
rentURLordriver
.nav
igat
e()
.t
o(dr
iver
.get
Cur
rent
Url
()
);
•Usi
ngsendKeys(
Key s.
F5)onanytext
boxonthewebpage

62.Whati
sthedi
ffer
encebet
weendr
iver
.get
WindowHandl
e()anddr
iver
.get
WindowHandl
es(
)in
Sel
eni
um WebDri
ver?

dr
iver
.get
WindowHandl
e()–Itreturnsahandleofthecurr
entpage(auniquei
denti
fi
er)
dr
iver
.get
WindowHandl
es()–Itreturnsasetofhandlesoftheal
lthepagesavai
l
able.

63.Whati sthedi f
fer
encebetweendri
ver .
close()anddr i
ver
.qui
t(
)methods?
Purposeoft heset womethods(dri
ver
.closeanddr iver.
quit
)isal
mostsame.Bot
hal
l
owust
ocl
osea
browserbutst il
l
,therei
sadiff
erence.
dri
ver.
close():Toclosecurr
entWebDriverinstance
dri
ver.
quit(
):Tocl oseal
ltheopenedWebDr i
verinstances

64.Whati sthedi fferencebetweendr iv

er.f
indElement (
)anddr i
ver .
fi
ndElement s(
)commands?
Thedif
fer encebet weendr i
ver.f
indEl
ement()anddr iver
.findElement s(
)commandsi s-
•f i
ndElement ()returnsasi ngleWebElement( foundf i
rst )basedont hel ocat
orpassedaspar ameter.
Wher easf indElement s()r
etur
nsal i
stofWebEl ement s,allsati
sfyingthelocat orval
uepassed.
•Sy nt
axoff i
ndEl ement ()-
•WebEl ementt ext box=dr i
ver.fi
ndEl
ement (By.
id(“
textBoxLocat or”))
;
•Sy nt
axoff i
ndEl ement s()-
•List<WebEl ement >element s=element.
findElements( By .
id(“
v alue”)
);
•Anot herdi f
ferencebet weent hetwois-i
fnoel ementi sf oundt henfindElement()thr ows
NoSuchEl ement ExceptionwhereasfindElement s()returnsal istof0el ement s.

Li
st<WebElement>l
i
st=dr
iver
.f
indEl
ement
s(By
.tagName(
“a”
));
Sop(l
i
st.
size(
));
==40

65.Howt of i
ndwhet heranelementi sdispl
ayedont hewebpage?
WebDriverfacil
i
tatestheuserwiththef oll
owingmet hodst ocheckt hev i
sibil
it
yofthewebel
ement
s.
Thesewebel ement scanbebut tons,dropboxes, checkboxes, radiobut t
ons, l
abel
setc.
1isDisplayed()
2bool eanelePresent=driv
er.f
indElement (
By.xpath("xpath")
).
isDisplayed();
314bool eanelePresent=dr i
ver.
fi
ndElement (By.xpath("
xpath")).
isDispl
ay ed(
);

1i
sSel
ected()
2bool
eaneleSel
ected=dri
ver
.f
indElement(
By.
xpat
h("xpath"
)).
isSelect
ed()
;
314booleaneleSelect
ed=dr
iver.
fi
ndElement
(By.
xpath("
xpath"))
.i
sSelect
ed(
);

1i
sEnabl
ed()
2bool
eaneleEnabl
ed=dri
ver
.f
indElement(
By.
xpat
h("xpath"
)).
isEnabl
ed()
;
314booleaneleEnabl
ed=dr
iver.
fi
ndElement
(By.
xpath("
xpath"))
.i
sEnabl
ed(
);
66.Howtoselectav al
ueinadropdown?
ByusingSel
ectclass
WebElementmy Select
Element=dri
ver
.f
indEl
ement
(By
.name(
"dr
opdown"
));

Sel
ectdr
opdown=newSel
ect
(my
Sel
ect
Element
);

dr
opdown.
sel
ect
ByVi
sibl
eText(
Text
);
dr
opdown.
sel
ect
ByI
ndex(I
ndex);
dr
opdown.
sel
ect
ByVal
ue(Val
ue);

67.Howtocapt ur
eScr eenshotinSel
eni
um WebDr
iver
?
ByusingTakesScreenshotInter
face

InSeleni
um 3,wemayf acefewissueswhil
ecaptur
ingScr
eenshot
s.Toov
ercomeweuseaShotut il
i
ty.
Cli
ckonbel owli
nkstoseepostsrelat
edtothenormalwayofcapt
uri
ngascreenshotandcapt
uri
nga
screenshotusi
ngaShotuti
li
ty.

68.Howt omousehov eronawebel ementusi

ngWebDriv
er?
ByusingActionsclass
WebElementel e=dr i
ver.
findElement(By.
xpat
h("
xpat
h")
);
//Cr
eateobject'acti
on'ofanAct ionsclass
Acti
onsaction=newAct ions(dri
ver);
//Mouseoveronanel ement
acti
on.moveToEl ement(
ele).buil
d()
.perf
orm()
;

69.Howcanwehandlewebbasedpop-
up?
Tohandleal
ert
spopupsweneedtodoswi
tcht
otheal
ertwi
ndowandcal
lSel
eni
um WebDr
iverAl
ert
APImethods.
.

70.Howcanwehandl ewindowsbasedpopup?
Seleni
um doesn’
tsupportwindowsbasedappl
icat
ions.I
tisanautomati
ontest
ingtoolwhich
supportsonl
ywebappl i
cati
ontest
ing.Wecoul
dhandl ewindowsbasedpopupsinSeleni
um usi
ng
somet hir
dpart
ytoolssuchasAutoIT,SI
KULI
,Robotclassetc.
71.Howt ohandlehiddenel
ement sinSelenium WebDr i
ver?
Iti
soneoft hemosti mpor
tantseleni
um intervi
ewquest i
ons.
Wecanhandl ehiddenelementsbyusingj avaScri
ptexecutor
(Javascr
ipt
Executor
(dri
ver
)).
executeScr
ipt("
document .
getElement
sBy
ClassName(
Element
Locat
or)
.cl
i
ck()
;")
;

72.Howcany
ouf
indBr
okenLi
nksi
napageusi
ngSel
eni
um WebDr
iver
?
.

73.Howt of i
ndmor ethanonewebel ementintheli
st?
//Tost orethel i
st
List<WebEl ement >eleList=driv
er.
findElement
s(By.
xpath("
xpat
h"))
;
//Tof etchthesi zeoft heli
st
i
ntl i
stSize=el eLi st.si
ze();
//forloop
for(inti=0;i
<listSize; i
++)
{
//Cli
cki ngoneachl i
nk
li
nks.get(i).cli
ck();
//Nav igat i
ngbackt othepreviouspagethatstor
estheli
nks
dri
ver.nav igate().
back();
}

74.Howt or eadaJavaScri
ptvari
abl
einSeleni
um WebDri
ver
?
ByusingJav ascr
ipt
Executor
//Toini
tial
izetheJSobject.
Javascr
iptExecut
orJS=( Javascr
ipt
Execut
or)webdr
iver
;

//Togetthesi
tetit
le.
Str
ingti
tl
e=(Str
ing)JS.
execut
eScr
ipt
("r
eturndocument
.t
it
le"
);
System.
out.
pri
ntl
n("
Titl
eofthewebpage: "+ti
tl
e);

75.Howdoyoureadtestdat
afrom excel
s?
Testdat
acanef
fici
entl
ybereadfr
om excelusi
ngJXLorPOIAPI
.POIAPIhasmanyadv
ant
agest
han
JXL.

76.I
sitpossi
blet
oaut
omat
ethecapt
chausi
ngSel
eni
um?
No,
It’
snotpossi
blet
oaut
omat
ecapt
chaandbarcoder
eader
.

77.Listsomescenar ioswhichwecannotaut omat eusingSel

enium WebDr
iver
?
1.Bit
mapcompar isonIsnotpossibleusingSelenium WebDri
ver
2.Automat i
ngCapt chaisnotpossibleusingSelenium WebDr
iver
3.Wecannotr eadbarcodeusingSel enium WebDr iv
er
4.windowsOSbasedpopups
5.thi
rdpartycalendars/el
ement
6.I
mage
7.Wor d/PDF

78.Whati sObj
ectRepositoryinSel
enium WebDr i
ver?
ObjectReposi
toryisusedtost or
eelementlocatorvaluesinacentr
ali
zedlocat
ioni
nsteadofhar
d
codingthem wit
hinthescript
s.Wedocr eateapr opertyf
il
e(.
propert
ies)t
ostoreal
ltheelement
l
ocat or
sandthesepr oper
tyfil
esactasanobj ectreposit
oryi
nSeleni
um WebDr i
ver
.

79.Howcany ouuset heRecoveryScenar

ioinSel
enium WebDri
ver
?
Byusi ng“ TryCatchBlock”wi
thi
nSelenium WebDr
iverJavatest
s.
try{
dri
ver.get("
www. xyz.
com")
;
}catch(Exceptione){
System. out.
pri
ntl
n(e.
getMessage()
);
}

80.HowtoUpl
oadafil
einSeleni
um WebDr i
ver
?
Therear
etwocaseswhi
charemaj or
lyusedtoupl
oadaf
il
einSel
eni
um WebDr
iversuchasusi
ng
SendKeysMet
hodandusingAutoI
TScript.
.

BrowserButt
on–type=“fi
l
e”
SendKeys(c:
\\t
est
\\nav
een.j
pg)
;

81.HowtoDownloadafi
lei
nSeleni
um WebDr
iver?
ByusingAut
oITscr
ipt
,wecoul
ddownloadafi
l
ei nSel
eni
um WebDr
iver
.

82.Howt
orunSel
eni
um WebDr
iverTestf
rom t
hecommandl
i
ne?

Cl
assA{

cdc
c:
jav
acA.j
ava
c:
jav
aA.j
ava

j
avaor
g.t
est
ng.
Test
NGC:
\User
s\Deskt
op\\
wor
kspace\
test
ing\
test
ng.
xml

83.Howtoswi t
chbet weenf
ramesi
nSel
enium?
Byusingt
hef ol
lowingcode,
wecoul
dswit
chbetweenf
rames.
dri
ver
.swi
tchTo().
fr
ame( )
;

84.Howt oconnectaDatabasei
nseleni
um?
Asweal lknowSeleni
um WebDri
verisatool
toautomateUserI
nter
face.Wecoul
donl
yint
eractwi
th
BrowserusingSel
enium WebDri
ver
.
WeuseJDBCDr iv
ertoconnectt
heDatabaseinSel
eni
um (Whil
eusingJavaPr
ogrammi
ngLanguage).

85.HowToResi zeBr
owserWi
ndowUsingSeleni
um WebDr
iver
?
Toresizet
hebrowserwi
ndowtopar
ti
culardi
mensions,
weuse‘Di
mensi
on’
classt
oresi
zet
he
browserwindow.

//
CreateobjectofDimensionsclass
Di
mensi ond=newDi mension(480,620)
;
//
Resizethecurrentwindowtot hegivendi
mensi
on
dr
iver
.manage().window()
.set
Size(d);

86.HowToScr ol
lWebPageDownOrUPUsingSeleni
um WebDriv
er?
JavaScr
iptscr
oll
By(
)met
hodscrol
l
sthedocumentbythespeci
fi
ednumberofpi
xel
s.

87.HowToPerf
orm Ri
ghtCli
ckActi
on(ContextCl
i
ck)InSeleni
um WebDr
iver
?
WeuseActi
onsclassi
nSeleni
um WebDri
vertodoRight-
Cli
ck(Cont
extCl
i
ck)act
ion.

act
ion.
cont
ext
Cli
ck(
dri
ver
.f
indEl
ement
(By
.xpsj
ht(
)).
bui
l
d()
.per
for
m()
;

88.HowToPerf
orm Doubl
eCl
i
ckAct
ionI
nSeleni
um WebDr
iver
?
WeuseActi
onsclasst
odoDoubl
ecl
i
ckacti
oninsel
eni
um.
89.HowToPerf
orm Dr
agAndDropAct
ioni
nSeleni
um WebDr
iver
?
WeuseActi
onsclasst
odoDragAndDropAct
ion

90.HowToHi ghl
i
ghtElementUsi
ngSeleni
um WebDr
iver
?
ByusingJav
ascri
ptExecut
ori
nter
face,
wecouldhi
ghl
ightt
hespeci
fi
edel
ement