CHAPTER 3

Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

1. OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS Solving, we get 44x + 55y

x =5
y 4
1. A can do a piece of work in 24 days. If B is 60% more Also x - y = 1. Solving them, we get x = 5 and y = 4
efficient than A, then the number of days required by . Therefore, number is 54.
B to do the twice as large as the earlier work is
(a) 24 (b) 36 5. The points (7, 2) and (- 1, 0) lie on a line
(a) 7y = 3x - 7 (b) 4y = x + 1
(c) 15 (d) 30
(c) y = 7x + 7 (d) x = 4y + 1
Ans : (d) 30
Ans : (b) 4y = x + 1
Work ratio of A : B = 100 : 160 or 5 : 8
The point satisfy the line, 4y = x + 1.
Time ratio = 8 : 5 or 24 : 15
If A takes 24 days, B takes 15 days, Hence, B takes
30 days to do double the work.

2. A motor boat takes 2 hours to travel a distance 9 km.

down the current and it takes 6 hours to travel the
same distance against the current. The speed of the
boat in still water and that of the current (in km/
hour) respectively are
(a) 3, 1.5 (b) 3, 2
(c) 3.5, 2.5 (d) 3, 1
Ans : (a) 3, 1.5
Downrate = 9 ' 2 = 4.5 km/hr
Uprate = 9 ' 6 = 1.5 km/hr
Speed of the boat = (4.5 + 1.5) ' 2 = 3 km/hr 6. In a number of two digits, unit’s digit is twice the tens
Speed of the current = (4.5 - 1.5) ' 2 = 1.5 km/hr digit. If 36 be added to the number, the digits are
reversed. The number is
3. X ’s salary is half that of Y ’s. If X got a 50% rise in (a) 36 (b) 63
his salary and Y got 25% rise in his salary, then the (c) 48 (d) 84
percentage increase in combined salaries of both is
Ans : (c) 48
(a) 30 (b) 33 1 Let unit’s digit : x
3
(c) 37 1 (d) 75 tens digit : y
2
Then, x = 2y
Ans : (b) 33 1
3 Number = 10y + x
96% of C.P. =< 240 Also, 10y + x + 36 = 10x + y
110% of C.P. =< 240 # 1100 =< 275 9x - 9y = 36
960
or x-y = 4
4. The 2 digit number which becomes (5/6)th of itself
when its digits are reversed. The difference in the Solve, x = 2y
digits of the number being 1, then the two digits x-y = 4
number is
(a) 45 (b) 54 7. At present ages of a father and his son are in the ratio
(c) 36 (d) None of these 7 : 3, and they will be in the ratio 2 : 1 after 10 years.
Then the present age of father (in years) is
Ans : (b) 54 (a) 42 (b) 56
If the two digits are x and y , then the number is (c) 70 (d) 77
10x + y .
5 (10x + y) = 10y + x Ans : (c) 70
Now Let the ages of father and son be 7x , 3x
6

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Chap 3 : Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

Hence, (7x + 10) :(3x + 10) = 2 : 1 3 4^x - y h = 31

or x = 10 4 ^x - y h = 1
Age of the father is 70 years.
x-y = 1 ...(2)
4
8. If 3x + 4y : x + 2y = 9 : 4 , then 3x + 5y : 3x - y is equal
On adding Eq. (1) and (2), we get
to
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 1 : 4 2x = 4 + 1 = 17
4 4
(c) 7 : 1 (d) 1 : 7
Ans : (c) 7 : 1 x = 17 = 2 1
8 8
3x + 4y From. Eq. (1), we get
=9
x + 2y 4
y = 15 = 1 7
Hence, 12x + 16y = 9x + 18y 8 8
12. A man can row a boat in still water at the rate of 6
or 3x = 2y
km per hour. If the stream flows at the rate of 2 km/
x = 2y hour, he takes half the time going downstream than
3
going upstream the same distance. His average speed
Substiture x = 2 y in the required expression. for upstream and down stream trip is
3
3x 23 y + 5y 7y (a) 6 km/hour
= = 7 = 7: 1
3x 23 y - y y 1 (b) 16/3 km/hour
(c) Insufficient data to arrive at the answer
9. A fraction becomes 4 when 1 is added to both the
(d) none of the above
numerator and denominator and it becomes 7
when 1 is subtracted from both the numerator and Ans : (b) 16/3 km/hour
denominator. The numerator of the given fraction is Upstream speed = 4 km/hr
(a) 2 (b) 3
and time = x hrs
(c) 5 (d) 15
Downstream = 8 km/hr
Ans : (d) 15
and time taken = x/2 hrs
Let the fraction be x ,
y 4x + 8 # x/2
Hence, average speed = = 16 km/hr.
x+1 = 4 x + x/2 3
...(1)
y+1 13. A boat travels with a speed of 15 km/h in still water.
x-1 = 7 In a river flowing at 5 km/hr. the boat travels some
and ...(2)
y-1 distance downstream and them returns. The ratio of
Solving (1) and (2), average speed to the speed in still water is
(a) 8 : 3 (b) 3 : 8
We have x = 15 , y = 3 ,
(c) 8 : 9 (d) 9 : 8
i.e. x = 15
Ans : (c) 8 : 9
10. x and y are 2 different digits. If the sum of the two
Let distance = d
digit numbers formed by using both the digits is a
perfect square, then value of x + y is Time taken upstream = d = d
(a) 10 (b) 11 15 - 5 10
(c) 12 (d) 13 Time taken downstream = d = d
15 + 5 20
Ans : (b) 11
Hence, average speed = 2d = 2d # 20
The numbers that can be formed are xy and yx . d + d 3d
Hence, (10x + y) + (10y + x) = 11 (x + y). If this is a 10 20
perfect square that x + y = 11.
= 40 km/hr
3
11. The pair of equations 3x + y = 81, 81x - y = 3 has
(a) no solution Ratio = 40 : 15
3
(b) unique solution
(c) infinitely many solutions = 40 : 45 = 8 : 9

(d) x = 2 1 , y = 1 7 14. The pair of linear equations 2kx + 5y = 7 , 6x - 5y = 11

8 8
has a unique solution, if
Ans : (d) x = 2 , y = 1 7
1
(a) k !- 3 (b) k ! 2
8 8 3
Given, 3x + y = 81
(c) k ! 5 (d) k ! 2
3x + y = 3 4 9

x+y = 4 ...(1) Ans : (a) k !- 3

and 81 x-y
=3 Given the pair of linear equations are

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Chap 3 : Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

2kx + 5y - 7 = 0 speed is 4.5 km/h. The difference of the two speed is

and 6x - 5y - 11 = 0 (a) 2 km/h (b) 4 km/h
On comparing with (c) 3 km/h (d) 5 km/h
a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 Ans : (c) 3 km/h
and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 Suppose the equal distance = D km
we get, a1 = 2k , b1 = 5 , c1 =- 7 Then, time taken with x and y speed are D h and
x
D h, respectively,
and a2 = 6 , b2 =- 5 , c2 =- 11 y
For unique solution, Case I:
a1 ! b1
a2 b2 Average speed = Total distance
Total time
2k ! 5 2D & 2xy = 4
6 -5 4 = ...(1)
D +D x+y
k =! - 1 x y
3 Case II:
k !- 3 x+y
Average speed = = 4.5 km/h
2
15. A and B together can do a piece of work in 12 days, x+y = 9 ...(2)
B and C together in 15 days. If A is twice as good a On putting this value in Eq. (1), we get,
workman as C , then in how many days will B alone
2xy
do it? = 4 & xy = 18 ...(3)
9
(a) 10 days (b) 15 days
Now, difference between two speed = x - y
(c) 20 days (d) 25 days
Now, ^x - y h2 = ^x + y h2 - 4xy = ^9 h2 - 4 ^18h
Ans : (c) 20 days
(From Eq. (2) and (3)]
Let A alone complete the work in x days. C alone will
take 2x days to complete it. Let B alone complete the = 81 - 72
work in y days. According to the question, ^x - y h = 9 & x - y = 3
2
...(4)
1+1 = 1 ...(1) On adding Eq. (2) and (4), we get
x y 12
2x = 12
and 1+ 1 = 1 ...(2)
y 2x 15 x = 12 = 6
2
Let 1 = u and 1 = v , then Eq. (1) and (2) become On putting the value of x in Eq. (4), we get
x y
u+v = 1 ...(3) 6-y = 3
12
y =3
and 1u +v = 1 ..(4) Hence, x = 6 km/h and y = 3 km/h
2 15
Subtracting Eq. (4) from Eq. (3), we get and, their difference = 6 - 3 = 3 km/h.

u - 1u = 1 - 1 17. A shopkeeper sells a saree at 8% profit and a sweater

2 12 15 at 10% discount, thereby, getting a sum of `1008. If
u = 5-4 = 1 she had sold the saree at 10% profit and the sweater at
2 60 60 8% discount, she would have got `1028, then the cost
of the saree and the list price (price before discount)
u = 2 = 1
60 30 of the sweater is
Putting the value of u in Eq. (3), we get (a) 300, 400 (b) 400, 300
1 +v = 1 (c) 400, 600 (d) 600, 400
30 12
Ans : (d) 600, 400
v = 1 - 1 = 5-2 = 3 = 1 Let, the cost price of the saree and the list price of the
12 30 60 60 20 sweater be `x and `y , respectively.
Now, we have u = 1 and v = 1 Case I: Sells a saree at 8% profit + Sells a sweater at
30 20
10% discount = `1008
^100 + 8h % of x + ^100 - 10h % of y = 1008
1 = 1
x 30
108% of x + 90% of y = 1008
and 1 = 1 & x = 30 , y = 20
y 20 1.08x + 0.9y = 1008 ...(1)
Hence, B alone will complete the work in 20 days. Case II: Sold the saree at 10% profit + Sold the
sweater at 8% discount = `1028
16. When a man travels equal distance at speed x km/h
^100 + 10h % of x + ^100 - 8h % of y = 1028
and y km/h, his average speed is 4 km/h. But when
he travels at these speed for equal time, his average 110% of x + 92% of y = 1028
1.1x + 0.92y = 1028 ...(2)

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Chap 3 : Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

On putting the value of y from Eq. (1) into Eq. (2), x+1 = 4
we get, y+1 5

1.1x + 0.92 b 1008 - 1.08x l = 1028 5x + 5 = 4y + 4

0.9
5x - 4y =- 1 ...(1)
1.1 # 0.9x + 927.36 - 0.9936x = 1028 # 0.9 x-5 = 1
and
0.99x - 0.9936x = 925.2 - 927.36 y-5 2
- 0.0036x =- 2.16 2x - 10 = y - 5
x = 2.16 = 600 2x - y = 5 ...(2)
0.0036 On multiplying Eq. (1) by 2 and Eq. (2) by 5 and then
On putting the value of x in Eq. (1), we get subtracting Eq. (2) from Eq. (1), we get
1.08 # 600 + 0.9y = 1008 10x - 8y = - 2
648 + 0.9y = 1008 10x - 5y = 25
- + -
0.9y = 1008 - 648
- 3 =-
y 27
0.9y = 360 y=9
y = 360 = 400 Substituting the value of y in Eq. (1), we get
0.9
Hence, the cost price of the saree and the list price 5x - 4 # 9 = - 1
(price before discount) of the sweater are `600 and 5x =- 1 + 36
`400, respectively. x =7
18. If 3 x + 5 y = 8 and 7 x - 3 y = 48 , then the Hence, Fraction = 7
9
value of x + y is Therefore, numerator of this fraction is 7.
(a) 5
(b) - 4
(c) 4
(d) The value does not exist
Ans : (d) The value does not exist
Let x = a and y = b . Then, given equations
becomes
3a + 5b = 8 ...(1)
and 7a - 3b = 48 ...(2)
Now, on multiplying Eq. (1) by 3 and Eq. (2) by 5,
we get
9a + 15b = 24 ...(3)
35a - 15b = 240 ...(4)
On adding Eq. (3) and (4), we get 20. Which of the following pair of equations are
inconsistent?
44a = 264 y
(a) 3x - y = 9 , x - = 3
a =6 3
Now, on substituting a = 6 in Eq. (1), we get (b) 4x + 3y = 24 , - 2x + 3y = 6
18 + 5b = 8 (c) 5x - y = 10, 10x - 2y = 20
5b = - 10 (d) - 2x + y = 3 , - 4x + 2y = 10
b =- 2 Ans : (d) - 2x + y = 3 , - 4x + 2y = 10
Thus, we get a = 6 and b =- 2 .
But b =- 2 y =- 2 , which is not possible. Hence, On comparing the above equations with standard
the value of x + y does not exist. from of pair of linear equations a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and
a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 , we get
19. A fraction becomes 4/5 when 1 is added to each of the a1 = b1 = c1 as 3 = 3 = - 9 , consistent
numerator and denominator. However, If we subtract (a)
a2 b2 c2 1 1 -3
5 from each of them, it becomes 1/2. Then, numerator
(b) a1 ! b1 as 4 !- 1, consistent
of the fraction is a2 b2 -2
(a) 6 (b) 7
(c) a1 = b1 = c1 as 5 = 1 = 10 , consistent
(c) 8 (d) 9 a2 c2
b2 10 2 20
Ans : (b) 7 a1 = b1 ! c1 as - 2 = 1 ! 3 , inconsistent
(d)
Let the fraction be x a2 b2 c2 -4 2 10
y
Then, according to question 21. The value of a for which the lines x = 1 , y = 2 and

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Chap 3 : Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

a2 x + 2y - 20 = 0 are concurrent, is 23. Shashi is decided fixed distance to walk on a tread

(a) 1 (b) 8 mill. First day, she walks at a certain speed. Next
(c) - 4 (d) - 2 day, she increases the speed of the tread mill by 1
km/h, she takes 6 min less and if she reduces the
Ans : (c) - 4 speed by 1 km/h, then she takes 9 min more. What is
Given lines are, x = 1, y = 2 the distance that she has decided to walk everyday?
and 2
a x + 2y - 20 = 0 (a) 4 km (b) 6 km
(c) 5 km (d) 3 km
Since, x = 1, y = 2
and 2
a x + 2y - 20 = 0 are concurrent. Ans : (d) 3 km
Let the speed of Shashi on first day be x km/h and
i.e., x = 1, y = 2 let the time taken on first day be y h. Thus, distance
2
and a x + 2y - 20 = 0 having a common solution. walked everyday by Shashi is xy . Now, when she
So, x = 1, y = 2 is a solution of given equation increases her speed by 1 km/h, then according to
a2 $ 1 + 2 $ 2 - 20 = 0 given condition

a2 - 16 = 0 ^x + 1h^y - 0.1h = xy
;Since, 6 min =
6 h = 0.1hE
a2 = 16 a =- 4, 4 60
- 0.1x + y = 0.1 ...(1)
22. Vijay had some bananas and he divided them into two
and when she decrease her speed by 1 km/h, then
lots A and B . He sold the first lot at the rate of `2
according to given condition
for 3 bananas and the second lot at the rate of `1 per
banana and got a total of `400. If he had sold the first ^x - 1h^y + 0.15h = xy
lot at the rate of `1 per banana and the second lot at 9 h = 0.15hE
;since , 9 min =
the rate of `4 for 5 bananas, his total collection would 60
have been `460. Total number of bananas, he had is
0.15x - y = 0.15 ...(2)
(a) 200 (b) 300
on adding Eq. (1) and (2), we get
(c) 400 (d) 500
0.05x = 0.25
Ans : (d) 500 x =5
Let, the number of bananas in lots A and B be x and On substituting the value of x in Eq. (1), we get
y , respectively.
Case I: When rate for first lots is `2 for 3 bananas y = 0.1 + 0.5 = 0.6
and rate for second lot is `1 per banana. The distance that shashi decided to walk everyday is
2 x + y = 400 xy = 5 # 0.6 = 3 km
3
24. A vessel contain a mixture of 24 L milk and 6 L water
2x + 3y = 1200 ...(1) and second vessel contains a mixture of 15 L milk and
Case II: When rate for first lot is `1 per banana and 10 L water, then how much mixture of milk and water
rate for second lot is `4 for 5 bananas should be taken from the first and the second vessel
x + 4 y = 460 separately and kept in a third vessel so that the third
5 vessel may contain a mixture of 25 L milk and 10 L
5x + 4y = 2300 ...(2) water.
On multiplying Eq. (1) by 4 and Eq. (2) by 3 and then (a) 15 L and 15 L (b) 20 L and 10 L
subtracting them, we get, (c) 20 L and 15 L (d) None of these
8x + 12y = 4800 Ans : (c) 20 L and 15 L
15x + 12y = 6900 Let x L of mixture be taken from 1st vessel and y L of
- - - the mixture be taken from 2nd vessel and kept in 3rd
- 7x =- 2100 vessel, such that ^x + y h L of the mixture in 3rd vessel
x = 300 may contain 25 L of milk and 10 L of water.
A mixture of x L from 1st vessel contains 24 x = 4 x L
Now, on putting the value of x in Eq. (1), we get 30 5
of milk and x/5 L of water.
2 # 300 + 3y = 1200
A mixture of y L from 2nd vessel contains 3y/5 L of
600 + 3y = 1200 milk and 2y/5 L of water.
3y = 1200 - 600 According to the question
3y = 600 & y = 200 4 x + 3 y = 25
Hence, Total number of bananas = Number of bananas 5 5
in lot A + Number of bananas in lot B 4x + 3y = 125 ...(1)
= x+y x + 2 y = 10
5 5
= 300 + 200 = 500
Hence, he had 500 bananas. x + 2y = 50 ...(2)
On multiplying Eq. (2) by 4 and then subtracting Eq.

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Chap 3 : Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

(1) from it, we get = 1 # 4 # 4 = 8 sq. units

2
5y = 200 - 125
5y = 75 and, area of TABD = 1 # AD # QB = 1 # 4 # 1
2 2
y = 15
On substituting y = 15 in Eq. (2), we get = 2 sq. units
Ratio of areas of TBCE :TABD = 8 : 2 = 4 : 1
x + 2 # 15 = 50
x = 20
Hence, 20 L of mixture be taken from first vessel and
2. FILL IN THE BLANK
15 L of mixture be taken from second vessel.

25. The ratio of the areas of the two triangles formed by 1. If the lines intersect at a point, then that point gives
the lines representing the equations 2x + y = 6 and the unique solution of the two equations. In this case,
2x - y + 2 = 0 with the X -axis and the lines with the the pair of equations is ..........
Y -axis is Ans : consistent
(a) 1:2 (b) 2:1
(c) 4:1 (d) 1:4 2. An equation whose degree is one is known as a ..........
equation.
Ans : (c) 4:1
Ans : linear
Given equations are 2x + y = 6
and 2x - y + 2 = 0 3. If the lines are parallel, then the pair of equations
has no solution. In this case, the pair of equations is
Table for equation, 2x + y = 6 or y = 6 - 2x
..........
x 0 1 3 Ans : inconsistent
y = 6 - 2x 6 4 0
4. A pair of linear equations has .......... solution (s) if it
Points A ^0, 6h B ^1, 4h C ^3, 0h is represented by intersecting lines graphically.
Ans : unique
Table for equation 2x - y + 2 = 0
or y = 2x + 2 5. Two distinct natural numbers are such that the sum
of one number and twice the other number is 6. The
x 0 -1 1
two numbers are ..........
y = 2x + 2 2 0 4 Ans : 4 and 1
Points D ^0, 2h E ^- 1, 0h B ^1, 4h
6. The number of common solutions for the system of
Now, plot all the points on a graph paper and join
linear equations 5x + 4y + 6 = 0 and 10x + 8y = 12 is
them to get the lines ABC and BDE .
..........
It is clear from the graph that pair of equations
intersects graphically at point B ^1, 4h , i.e. x = 1 and Ans : zero
y = 4.
7. If 2x + 3y = 5 and 3x + 2y = 10 , then x - y = ..........
Ans : 5

8. Every solution of a linear equation in two variables is

a point on the .......... representing it.
Ans : line

9. If 1 + 1 = k and 1 - 1 = k , then the value of y is

x y x y
..........
Ans : Does not exist

10. If a pair of linear equations has infinitely many

solutions, then its graph is represented by a pair of
.......... lines.
Thus, from the graph we get two triangles TBCE Ans : coincident
(triangle formed by lines and X -axis) and TABD
(triangle formed by the lines and Y -axis). Let A1 11. A pair of linear equations is .......... if it has no solution.
and A2 represent the areas of TBCE and TABD ,
Ans : inconsistent
respectively.
Now, area of TBCE = 1 # CE # BP 12. If p + q = k , p - q = n and k > n , then q is ..........
2

Page 22
Chap 3 : Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

(positive/negative). 12. If a pair of linear equation is given by a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0

Ans : positive and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 and a1 = b1 ! c1 . In this case,
a2 b2 c2
13. A pair of .......... lines represent the pair of linear
the pair of linear equations is consistent.
equations having no solution. Ans : False
Ans : parallel
13. For all real values of c , the pair of equations
14. If a pair of linear equations has solution, either a
x - 2y = 8, 5x + 10y = c have a unique solution.
unique or infinitely many, then it is said to be .......... Ans : True
Ans : consistent
14. 3x + 2y = 5 , 2x - 3y = 7 are consistent pair of
equation.
3. TRUE/FALSE Ans : True

15. An equation of the form ax + by + c = 0 , where

1. The pair of equations 4x - 5y = 8 and 8x - 10y = 3 a, b and c are real numbers is called a linear equation
has a unique solution. in two variables.
Ans : False Ans : True

2. A pair of intersecting lines representing a pair of linear 16. In a TABC , +C = 3 , +B = 2 (+A + +B), then
equations in two variables has a unique solution. angles are 20c, 40c, 100c.
Ans : True Ans : False

3. 2 x + 3 y = 0, 3x- 8 y = 0 has no solution.

Ans : False 4. MATCHING QUESTIONS
4. A pair of linear equations cannot have exactly two DIRECTION : Each question contains statements given in
solutions. two columns which have to be matched. Statements (A, B, C,
Ans : True D) in column I have to be matched with statements (p, q, r, s)
in column II.
5. If a pair of linear equations is given by a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0
1. Column-II give value of x and y for pair of equation
and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 and a1 ! b1 . In this case, the given in Column-I.
a2 b2
pair of linear equations is consistent.
Column-I Column-II
Ans : True
(A) 2x + y = 8 , (p) (3, 4)
6. A pair of linear equations in two variables is said to be x + 6y = 15
consistent if it has no solution. (B) 5x + 3y = 35 , (q) (1/14, 1/6)
Ans : False 2x + 4y = 28
(C) 1 + 1 = 3, (r) (4, 5)
7. If a pair of linear equations is given by a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 7x 6y
and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 and a1 = b1 = c1 . In this case, 1 - 1 =5
a2 b2 c2
2x 3y
the pair of linear equations is consistent.
Ans : True (D) 15x + 4y = 61 (s) (3, 2)
4x + 15y = 72
8. A pair of linear equations in two variables may not Ans : (A) - s, (B) - r, (C) - q, (D) - p.
have infinitely many solutions.
Ans : True 2.

9. 3x - y = 3, 9x - 3y = 9 has infinite solution. Column-I Column-II

Ans : True (A) 5y - 4 = 14 (p) Infinite solutions
y - 2x = 1
10. A linear equation in two variables always has infinitely
(B) 6x - 3y + 10 = 0 (q) Consistent
many solutions.
2x - y + 9 = 0
Ans : False
(C) 3x - 2y = 4 (r) No solution
9x - 6y = 12
11. If two lines are parallel, then they represent a pair of
inconsistent linear equations. (D) 2x - 3y = 8 (s) Inconsistent
Ans : True 4x - 6y = 9

Page 23
Chap 3 : Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

Ans : (A) - q, (B) - s, (C) - p, (D) - r a1 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 ,

then a1 ! b1
3. a2 b2
2. Assertion : 3x + 4y + 5 = 0 and 6x + ky + 9 = 0
Column-I Column-II
represent parallel lines if k = 8 .
(A) No solution (p) 5x - 15y = 8 Reason : a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0
3x - 9y = 24 represent parallel lines if a1 = b1 ! c1 .
5 a2 b2 c2
(B) Infinitely many (q) 2x + 4y = 10
solutions 3x + 6y = 12 Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
(C) Unique solution (r) 3x - 2y = 4 assertion (A).
6x - 4y = 8 In Assertion, given lines represent parallel lines if
(D) System is con- (s) 2x + y = 6 3 =4!5
sistent 4x - 2y - 4 = 0 6 k 9
(t)
3x - y = 8 , x -
y
=3 k = 6#4 = 8
3 3
Reason is also true
(u) x - y = 8 , 3x - 3y = 16 Also, reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
Ans : (A) - (q, t, u), (B) - (p, r), (C) - s, (D) -
3. Assertion : The value of q = ! 2 , if x = 3, y = 1 is the
(p, r, s)
solution of the line 2x + y - q2 - 3 = 0 .
Reason : The solution of the line will satisfy the
5. ASSERTION AND REASON equation of the line.
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
DIRECTION : In the following questions, a statement of and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark (A).
the correct choice as: As x = 3, y = 1 is the solution of
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and 2x + y - q2 - 3 = 0
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion 2 # 3 + 1 - q2 - 3 = 0
(A).
4 - q2 = 0
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of q2 + 4 = 0
assertion (A). q =! 2
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. So, both A and R are correct and R explains A.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
4. Assertion : For k = 6 , the system of linear equations
1. Assertion : If the system of equations 2x + 3y = 7 and x + 2y + 3 = 0 and 3x + ky + 6 = 0 is inconsistent.
2ax + (a + b) y = 28 has infinitely many solutions, Reason : The system of linear equations
then 2a - b = 0 a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 is inconsistent
Reason : The system of equations 3x - 5y = 9 and if a1 = b1 = c1
a2 b2 c2
6x - 10y = 8 has a unique solution.
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Assertion : given system of equations has infinitely For inconsistent solution we have a1 = b1 ! c1
a2 b2 c2
many solutions if,
So, A is correct but R is incorrect.
2 = 3 = -7
2a a + b - 28 5. Assertion : If the pair of lines are coincident, then we
i.e. 1
4 say that pair of lines is consistent and it has a unique
1 = 3 =1 solution.
a a+b 4 Reason : If the pair of lines are parallel, then the
3a = a + b pair has no solution and is called inconsistent pair of
2a - b = 0 equations.

Also clearly, a = 4 , and a + b = 12 Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Assertion is clearly false.
b =8 [If the lines are coincident, then it has infinite number
2a - b = 8 - 8 = 0 of solutions]
Assertion is true But reason is false, Reason is clearly true.
3 = -5
6 - 10 6. Assertion : The value of k for which the system
of equations kx - y = 2, 6x - 2y = 3 has a unique
[3 (- 10) = (- 5) (6) =- 30] solution in 3.
For unique solution if, Reason : The system of linear equations

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Chap 3 : Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 has a unique assertion (A).

solutions if a1 ! b1 Two lines a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 are
a2 b2
Ans : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. parallel if a1 = b1 ! c1
a2 b2 c2
Given system of linear equations has a unique solution So, both A and R are correct but R does not explain
if A.
k ! -1 11. Assertion : 3x - 4y = 7 and 6x - 8y = k have infinite
6 -2
number of solution if k = 14 .
k !1 Reason : a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0
6 2
have a unique solution if a1 ! b1 .
a2 b2
k !3
So, A is incorrect and R is correct. Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
7. Assertion : x + y - 4 = 0 and 2x + ky - 3 = 0 has no assertion (A).
solution if k = 2 .
Reason : a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 are 12. Assertion : The linear equations x - 2y - 3 = 0 and
consistent if a1 ! k1 . 3x + 4y - 20 = 0 have exactly one solution.
a2 k2 Reason : The linear equations 2x + 3y - 9 = 0 and
Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true 4x + 6y - 18 = 0 have a unique solution.
but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Ans : (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
assertion (A).
For assertion, given equation has no solution if
1 = 1 ! - 4 i.e. 4
2 k -3 3
1 4
k = 2 :2 ! 3 holdsD
Assertion is true.
Reason does not give result of assertion.

8. Assertion : Pair of linear equations : 9x + 3y + 12 = 0,

8x + 6y + 24 = 0 have infinitely many solutions.
Reason : Pair of linear equations a1 x + b1 y + c1
= 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 have infinitely many solu-
tions, if a1 = b1 = c1
a2 b2 c2
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
From the given equations, we have
9 = 3 = 12
18 6 24
1 = 1 = 1 i.e., a1 = b1 = c1
2 2 2 a2 b2 c2
So, both A and R are correct and R explains A.

9. Assertion : If kx - y - 2 = 0 and 6x - 2y - 3 = 0 are

inconsistent, then k = 3
Reason : a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 are
inconsistent of a1 = b1 ! c1
a2 b2 c2
Ans : (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).

10. Assertion : The lines 2x - 5y = 7 and 6x - 15y = 8 are

parallel lines.
Reason : The system of linear equations
a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 have
infinitely many solutions if a1
= =b1 c1
a2 b2 c2
Ans : (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are
true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of

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