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Exponential and Logarithmic Functions 4

The document discusses exponential functions and exponential equations. Exponential functions model real-life situations like population growth and have a variable as the exponent. Exponential equations set the exponents of both sides equal to solve for the variable. To solve, express both sides with the same base and set the exponents equal.

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talabioluwaseun17
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38 views

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions 4

The document discusses exponential functions and exponential equations. Exponential functions model real-life situations like population growth and have a variable as the exponent. Exponential equations set the exponents of both sides equal to solve for the variable. To solve, express both sides with the same base and set the exponents equal.

Uploaded by

talabioluwaseun17
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 The exponential function is very important

in math because it is used to model many


real life situations.

◦ For example: population growth and


decay, compound interest, economics,
and much more.
x
f ( x) b
Question…
How is this function
different from functions that
we have worked with
previously?
Answer:

The exponent is the variable!


b = The base
x b >0 and b ≠ 1
f ( x) b x = The exponent
Question… x=any real number

Is f(x)=x3 an exponential
function?
NO
 One of the most common exponential
functions is x
f ( x) 2
 The graph looks like this:
x
f ( x) 2
 The graph starts off
slow but then
increases very rapidly
 The x-axis (y=0) is an
asymptote.
 X can be any real
number, for example:
f (x) 2 3
 (0,1) is the y intercept

Models Exponential Growth


Question…

What would a graph look like if b is


between 0 and 1?
For example: x
1
f ( x)
2
x
1
f ( x)
2  The graph starts off
very high but then
decreases very rapidly
 The x-axis (y=0) is an
asymptote.
 X can be any real
number, for example:
1
f (x)
2
 (0,1) is the y intercept

Models Exponential Decay


Definition
b = The base
x b >0 and b ≠ 1
f ( x) b x = The exponent
x=any real number
b>1 0<b<1
 What is an exponential equation?
◦ An equation where the variable is the
exponent.

◦ Example: x 1
2
8
x 1
2
8 Any ideas?
What if we changed 3
the right side to 2

2 x
2 3
Now What?
x 3
◦If 2 2
◦Then x=? 3
◦Check: Then we have solved
◦2 = 1
-3
2 x 1
8 8
1.Express each side of the equation as a
power of the same base.
2.Set the exponents equal and solve.
3.Check your answer
Main
If the bases are
idea the same, set the
exponents equal!
Solve for x: x 2 3x

7 7
Are the bases equal?
YES
Set the exponents equal.
Solve for x.
x 2 3x All we have here is a simple
Algebra problem

x 1
x = -1
x 2 3x
7 7
( 1) 2 3( 1)
7 7
3 3
7 7
It checks!
 Solve for x: 4 t t 1
5 25
Are the bases equal?
NO 2 t 1
Change the right side to: (5 )
Simplify: 4 t 2t 2
5 5
Solve! t 2
t=2
4 t t 1
5 25
4 2 2 1
5 25
2 1
5 25
It checks!
 Solve for x:
x 2
49 7 7

11
x
4
Solve for x: x 2

49 7 7
Are the bases equal?
NO 1
Change both sides to: (7 )
2 x 2 2
7*7
Simplify:
3
2x 4 2
7 7
Solve! 3 11
2x 4 x
2 4
x = 11/4
x 2
49 11 73 7
2
49 4 3
7 23
4 2
49 7
3 3
2 4 2
(7 ) 7
It checks!
REVIEW b= the base
x b >0 and b ≠1
1. Exponential function: f ( x) b X= the exponent
The exponent is X = any real number
Key Point:
the variable

2. Exponential Equations: An equation where the


exponent is the variable

Example: 4x 6 Check: 10
2 16 2
4(
4
) 6
16
Rewrite as: 4x 6 4
2How to solve:
2 2 10 6
16
Set exponents 4xbases
6 are
4 the
equal: If the 2 4
16
same, set the10
exponents
equal!
Solve: x It checks!
4
Homework: Exponential
Equations
Worksheet

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