ASSIGNMENT

On
Five Years Question Solution
Subject: ICT

Submitted to: Sir Prof. Dr. Md. Mamunur Rashid

Submitted by: Obydur Rahman
Roll Number # 20DH072
Batch Name # DHK-20-HRM-EVE-02
Academic Year # 2020

Post-Graduate Diploma in Human Resource Management

Bangladesh Institute of Management

1
 INDEX

Q. NO QUESTIONS PAGE NO

1 Differentiate Information Technology (IT) and Information 3

System (IS).
2 How to improve the performance of any computer? 3
3 Define types of computer. 4-5
4 What is computer network? Explain basic elements of 5
computer network?
5 What are the different types of unguided medium we use 5-6
frequently?
6 Differentiate between Router and Bridge. 6
7 Write the name of communication medium. 7
8 Describe the functional units of a computer. 7-8-9
9 Describe the characteristics and different layers of 9-10-11
computer.
10 What are the main goals of e-HRM? 12
11 Describe the types of computers based on signal 13
processing? Give examples.
12 Describe Information and HRIS. 13-14
13 Describe the advantage of computer network. 14
14 Define Data, Information, System, Information System and 14-15
ICT.
15 What are the purposes of use of HRIS? Describe. 15
16 Describe the organization of a computer. 15-16
17 What do you mean by Information System? 16
18 Briefly discuss the different types of software. 16
19 Write down the names of primary and secondary 16-17
memories.
20 What is the basic different between Internet and Intranet? 17-18
21 Define Bandwidth, Frequency, Network topology, Protocol 18
& Domain Name.
22 What is VPN? 19
23 Write down the functions of different types of server. 19
24 What is software and hardware? 19
25 What are the types of software? Explain with two 20
examples of each type.
26 References 21

2
 Question: Differentiate Information Technology (ICT) and Information System (IS)?
Answer:
Information Technology (ICT): IT is the study, design, implementation, support, or management
of data within an information system.
Information System (IS): IS refers to an entire set of information not only the technology
involved, but the people & processes as well.
Comparison of Information System and Information Technology:
Information system and information technology are similar in many ways but at the same time
they are different. Following are some aspects about information system as well as
information technology.
 Origin: Information systems have been in existence since pre-mechanical era in
form of books, drawings, etc. However, the origin of information technology is
mostly associated with invention of computers.
 Development: Information systems have undergone great deal of evolution, i.e.
from manual record keeping to the current cloud storage system. Similarly,
information technology is seeing constant changes with evermore faster
processor and constantly shrinking size of storage devices.
 Business Application: Businesses have been using information systems for
example in form of manual books of accounts to modern TALLY. The mode of
communication has also gone under big change, for example, from a letter to
email. Information technology has helped drive efficiency across organization
with improved productivity and precision manufacturing

Question: How to improve the performance of any computer?

Answer:
There are 7 ways to improve the Performance of any computer:
1. Uninstall unnecessary software
2. Limit the programs at startup
3. Add more RAM to your PC
4. Check for spyware and viruses
5. Use Disk Cleanup and defragmentation
6. Consider a startup SSD
7. Take a look at the web browser

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 Question: types of computer.
Answer:
Types of Computer: We can categorize computer in two ways: on the basis of data handling
capabilities and size.
On the basis of data handling capabilities, the computer is of three types:
1. Analogue Computer: Analogue computers are designed to process analogue data.
Analogue data is continuous data that changes continuously and cannot have discrete
values. We can say that analogue computers are used where we don't need exact values
always such as speed, temperature, pressure and current.
2. Digital Computer: Digital computer is designed to perform calculations and logical
operations at high speed. It accepts the raw data as input in the form of digits or binary
numbers (0 and 1) and processes it with programs stored in its memory to produce the
output. All modern computers like laptops, desktops including smart phones that we
use at home or office are digital computers.
3. Hybrid Computer: Hybrid computer has features of both analogue and digital computer.
It is fast like an analogue computer and has memory and accuracy like digital computers.
It can process both continuous and discrete data. It accepts analogue signals and
convert them into digital form before processing. So, it is widely used in specialized
applications where both analogue and digital data is processed. For example, a
processor is used in petrol pumps that converts the measurements of fuel flow into
quantity and price. Similarly, they are used in airplanes, hospitals, and scientific
applications.
On the basis of size, the computer can be of five types:
1. Supercomputer: Supercomputers are the biggest and fastest computers. They are
designed to process huge amount of data. A supercomputer can process trillions of
instructions in a second. It has thousands of interconnected processors.
2. Mainframe computer: Mainframe computers are designed to support hundreds or
thousands of users simultaneously. They can support multiple programs at the same
time. It means they can execute different processes simultaneously. These features of
mainframe computers make them ideal for big organizations like banking and telecom
sectors, which need to manage and process high volume of data.
3. Minicomputer: It is a midsize multiprocessing computer. It consists of two or more
processors and can support 4 to 200 users at one time. Mainframe computers are used
in institutes and departments for tasks such as billing, accounting and inventory
management. A minicomputer lies between the mainframe and microcomputer as it is
smaller than mainframe but larger than a microcomputer.
4. Workstation: Workstation is a single user computer that is designed for technical or
scientific applications. It has a faster microprocessor, a large amount of RAM and high
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 speed graphic adapters. It generally performs a specific job with great expertise;
accordingly, they are of different types such as graphics workstation, music workstation
and engineering design workstation.
5. Microcomputer: Microcomputer is also known as a personal computer. It is a general-
purpose computer that is designed for individual use. It has a microprocessor as a
central processing unit, memory, storage area, input unit and output unit. Laptops and
desktop computers are examples of microcomputers. They are suitable for personal
work that may be making an assignment, watching a movie, or at office for office work.

Question: What is computer network? Explain basic elements of computer network?

Answer:
Computer Network: Computer network is a system in which multiple nodes are connected to
each other to share information and resources. Computer network allows to share resources
between different nodes connected within it.
Computer Network Elements: The objects basically used in computer network are known as
Computer Network Elements (CNEs). There are basically 4 computer networking elements:
1. Computers
2. Transmission medium (wired or wireless)
1. Protocols (Internet Protocols, Wireless Network Protocols, Network Routing Protocols)
3. Network software

Question: What are the different types of unguided medium we use frequently?

Answer:
Unguided Media: it is also referred to as Wireless or Unbounded transmission media. No
physical medium is required for the transmission of electromagnetic signals.
Features:
 Signal is broadcasted through air
 Less secure
 Used for larger distances
There are three major types of unguided media:

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 1. Radio waves: These are easy to generate and can penetrate through buildings. The
sending and receiving antennas need not be aligned. Frequency Range:3KHz – 1GHz. AM
and FM radios and cordless phones use Radio waves for transmission.
Further Categorized as (i) Terrestrial and (ii) Satellite.
2. Micro waves: It is a line of sight transmission i.e. the sending and receiving antennas
need to be properly aligned with each other. The distance covered by the signal is
directly proportional to the height of the antenna. Frequency Range: 1GHz – 300GHz.
These are majorly used for mobile phone communication and television distribution.
3. Infrared: Infrared waves are used for very short distance communication. They cannot
penetrate through obstacles. This prevents interference between systems. Frequency
Range:300GHz – 400THz. It is used in TV remotes, wireless mouse, keyboard, printer,
etc.

Question: Differentiate between Router and Bridge.

Answer:
Router and Bridge are both network connecting devices. Router works at network layer and is
responsible to find the shortest path for a packet whereas Bridge connects various devices in a
network. Router connects devices across multiple networks.
Following are the important differences between Router and Bridge.

SL No key Router Bridge

1 Objective Router main objective is to Bridge main objective is to
connect various networks. connect various LANs.
2 Layer Router works in Network Layer. Bridge works in Data Link Layer.
3 Address Router scans device's IP Bridge scan device's MAC
Address. Address.
4 Data format Router sends data in form of Bridge also sends data in form of
packets. packets.
5 Routing Router uses routing table. Bridge do not use routing table.
Table
6 Domain Router works on more than Bridge works on a single
single broadcast domains. broadcast domain.
7 Ports Router has more than two ports. Bridge has only two ports.

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 Question: Write the name of communication medium.
Answer:
Communication Medium: Communication medium refers to the physical channel through
which data is sent and received. Data is sent in the form of voltage levels which make up the
digital signal. A digital signal consists of 0s and 1s; essentially, a 1 corresponds to a high voltage,
while a 0 corresponds to a low voltage.
The speed of data transmission or data rate depends upon the type of medium being used in
the network. There are basically two types of networks:
 Wired network
 Wireless network

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Wired Network:
In a wired network, data is transmitted over a physical medium. There are three types of
physical cables used in a wired network.
1. Twister Pair
2. Coaxial Cable
3. Fiber Optic
Wired Network:
A wireless network uses radio waves as the sole medium for transmitting and receiving data.
There are no wires involved. An example is the wireless router in your home. Radio waves are
electromagnetic waves which are transverse in nature and they have the longest wavelength on
the electromagnetic spectrum.

Question: Describe the functional units of a computer.

Answer:
Functional Units of a Computer: Functional units of a computer system are parts of the CPU
(Central Processing Unit) that performs the operations and calculations called for by the
computer program. A computer consists of five main components namely, Input unit, Central
Processing Unit, Memory unit Arithmetic & logical unit, Control unit and an Output unit.

8
 Figure: Functional Units of a Computer

Input unit: Input units are used by the computer to read the data. The most commonly used
input devices are keyboards, mouse, joysticks, trackballs, microphones, etc.

Central processing unit: Central processing unit commonly known as CPU can be referred as an
electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions given by a computer
program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations
specified by the instructions.

Memory unit: The Memory unit can be referred to as the storage area in which programs are
kept which are running, and that contains data needed by the running programs. The Memory
unit can be categorized in two ways namely, primary memory and secondary memory.

Arithmetic & Logical unit : Most of all the arithmetic and logical operations of a computer are
executed in the ALU (Arithmetic and Logical Unit) of the processor. It performs arithmetic
operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and also the logical operations like
AND, OR, NOT operations.

Control unit: The control unit is a component of a computer's central processing unit that
coordinates the operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic
unit and input and output devices how to respond to a program's instructions. The control unit
is also known as the nerve center of a computer system.

9
Output unit: The primary function of the output unit is to send the processed results to the
user. Output devices display information in a way that the user can understand. Output devices
are pieces of equipment that are used to generate information or any other response
processed by the computer. These devices display information that has been held or generated
within a computer. The most common example of an output device is a monitor.

Question: Describe the characteristics and different layers of computer.

Answer:

The characteristics of the computer system are as follows −

1. Speed:

A computer works with much higher speed and accuracy compared to humans while
performing mathematical calculations. Computers can process millions (1,000,000) of
instructions per second. The time taken by computers for their operations is microseconds and
nanoseconds.

2. Accuracy:

Computers perform calculations with 100% accuracy. Errors may occur due to data
inconsistency or inaccuracy.

3. Diligence:

A computer can perform millions of tasks or calculations with the same consistency and
accuracy. It doesn’t feel any fatigue or lack of concentration. Its memory also makes it superior
to that of human beings.

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4. Versatility:

Versatility refers to the capability of a computer to perform different kinds of works with same
accuracy and efficiency.

5. Reliability:

A computer is reliable as it gives consistent result for similar set of data i.e., if we give same set
of input any number of times, we will get the same result.

6. Automation:

Computer performs all the tasks automatically i.e. it performs tasks without manual
intervention.

7. Memory:

A computer has built-in memory called primary memory where it stores data.
Secondary storage are removable devices such as CDs, pen drives, etc., which are also used to
store data.

8. No IQ:

Computer does not work without instruction.

9. No Feeling:

Computer does not have emotions, knowledge, experience, and feeling.

The layers of computer system are as follows –

1. Hardware: computer hardware includes the physical, tangible parts or components of a

computer such as:
a) Casing
b) Power supply
c) Motherboard
d) Storage device
e) Computer memory (RAM & ROM)
f) Input devices
g) Output devices
2. System Software: Computer cannot do without instruction. A set of instruction is called
computer program. Software is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the

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 computer how to work. We can also say that software is a collection of programs. It
guided the computer at every step where to start and stop.

some of the widely used system software are as follows:

a) DOS
b) UNIX
c) WINDOWA

Us User

A Application Software

System
Software

H
Hardwar
e

Figure: Layers of Computer

3. Application Software: Application software is a set of programs to carry out operations

for a specific application.

For Examples:

a) Microsoft office application software (MS Office, MS Word, MS Excel, MS

PowerPoint etc.)
b) Internet browsers like Firefox, Chrome etc.
4. User: As we know computer cannot run without instruction. It need a person who will
operate the computer is called user.

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 Question: What are the main goal of e-HRM?
Answer:
Definition of E-HRM:
E-HRM has been defined as a way of implementing HR strategies, policies and practices in
organizations through a conscious and directed support with the full use of web-technology-
based channels.
E-HRM is the planning, implementation, and application of information systems for both
networking and supporting actors in their shared performing of HR activities.
In the view of Michael Armstrong, e-HR provides the information required to manage HR
processes.
In other words, E-HRM is a way of implementing HRM strategies, policies and practices in an
organization through directed support of web technology-based channels.
Goals of E-HRM:
Researchers suggest three goals of e-HRM are: reducing cost, improving HR services, and
improving strategic orientation.
Reducing Cost: HR managers can make a human resource plan more quickly and accurately,
make decisions faster, define jobs more clearly and enhance communication with the
employees and the external community.
Improving HR Services: E-HRM is seen as offering the potential to improve services to HR
department clients (both employees and management), improve efficiency and cost-
effectiveness within the HR department, and allow HR to become a strategic partner in
achieving organizational goals.
Improving Strategic Orientation: Finally, e-HRM creates standardization, and with standardized
procedures, this can ensure that an organization remains compliant with HR requirements, thus
also ensuring more precise decision-making. E-HRM has increased efficiency and helped
businesses reduce their HR staff by reducing costs and increasing the overall speed of different
processes.

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Organizational Image: organizational image enhancement is one of the strategic goals which
the company is looking for by introducing e-HRM. It seems image improvement of the HR
department itself is more relevant than the organizational image as a whole.
Globalization or Standardization: Globalization or Standardization is the goal that can be
classified as a positive unintended outcome of e-HRM.

Question: Describe the types of computers based on signal processing? Give examples.
Answer:
On the basis of data handling capabilities, the computer is of three types:
1. Analogue Computer
2. Digital Computer
3. Hybrid Computer
Analogue Computer: Analogue computers are designed to process analogue data. Analogue
data is continuous data that changes continuously and cannot have discrete values. We can say
that analogue computers are used where we don't need exact values always such as speed,
temperature, pressure and current. Speedometer and mercury thermometer are examples of
analogue computers.
Digital Computer: Digital computer is designed to perform calculations and logical operations at
high speed. It accepts the raw data as input in the form of digits or binary numbers (0 and 1)
and processes it with programs stored in its memory to produce the output. All modern
computers like laptops, desktops including smart phones that we use at home or office are
digital computers.
Hybrid Computer: Hybrid computer has features of both analogue and digital computer. It is
fast like an analogue computer and has memory and accuracy like digital computers. It can
process both continuous and discrete data. It accepts analogue signals and converts them into
digital form before processing. So, it is widely used in specialized applications where both
analogue and digital data is processed. For example, a processor is used in petrol pumps that
convert the measurements of fuel flow into quantity and price. Similarly, they are used in
airplanes, hospitals, and scientific applications.

Question: Describe Information and HRIS.

Answer:

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Information: Information is stimuli that has meaning in some context for its receiver. When
information is entered into and stored in a computer, it is generally referred to as data. After
processing (such as formatting and printing), output data can again be perceived as
information. When information is packaged or used for understanding or doing something, it is
known as knowledge.
HRIS: HRIS stands for Human Resources Information System. The HRIS is a system that is used
to collect and store data on an organization’s employees.
In most cases, an HRIS encompasses the basic functionalities needed for end-to-end Human
Resources Management (HRM). It has a system for recruitment, performance management,
learning & development, and more.
An HRIS is also known as HRIS software. This is a bit confusing as it implies that different
systems can have different software running on them. However, this is not the case. The HRIS
is, in essence, a software package.
The HRIS can either run on the company’s own technical infrastructure, or, what’s more
common nowadays, be cloud-based. This means that the software is running outside of the
company’s premises, making it much easier to update.

Question: Describe the advantage of computer network.

Answer:
The Advantages of Computer Network:
1. It enhances communication and availability of information.
2. It allows for more convenient resource sharing.
3. It makes file sharing easier.
4. It is highly flexible.
5. It is an inexpensive system.
6. It increases cost efficiency.
7. It boosts storage capacity.

Question: Define Data, Information, System, Information System and ICT.

Answer:
Data: Data is a collection of facts, such as numbers, words, measurements, observations or just
descriptions of things. Computer data is information processed or stored by a computer. This
information may be in the form of text documents, images, audio clips, software programs, or

15
other types of data. Computer data may be processed by the computer's CPU and is stored in
files and folders on the computer's hard disk.
Information: Information is stimuli that has meaning in some context for its receiver. When
information is entered into and stored in a computer, it is generally referred to as data. After
processing (such as formatting and printing), output data can again be perceived as
information. When information is packaged or used for understanding or doing something, it is
known as knowledge.
System: System is a set of things working together as parts of a mechanism or an
interconnecting network toward a common goal.
Information System: A computer information system is a system composed of people and
computers that processes or interprets information. The term is also sometimes used to simply
refer to a computer system with software installed.
ICT: Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is an extensional term for Information
Technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of
telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, as well as necessary
enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audiovisual systems, that enable users to access,
store, transmit, and manipulate information.

Question: What are the purpose of use of HRIS? Describe.

Answer:
The Purpose of use of HRIS/MIS:
1. Reduction in the cost of stored data in human resource.
2. Higher speed of retrieval and processing of data.
3. Reduction in duplication of efforts leading to reduction in cost.
4. Availability of accuracy and timely data about human resource.
5. Better analysis leading to more effective decision making.
6. More meaningful career planning and counseling at all levels.
7. Improved quality of reports.
8. Better ability to respond to environmental changes.
9. More transparency in the system.

Question: Describe the organization of a computer.

Answer:
Basic organization of computer system:

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 1. Central processing unit (CPU)
2. Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)
3. Input unit
4. Output unit

Explanation:
CPU: CPU is a brain of computer. It controls the computer system. It converts data to
information.
ALU: This is a part of CPU. It consists of two units. one is arithmetic unit and another one is logic
unit. Arithmetic and logical operation are performed in this part.
Input and Output unit: This unit controls input and output devices. input devices are keyboard,
mouse etc., and output devices are printer, monitor, plotter, etc.

Question: What do you mean by Information System?

Answer:
Information System (IS): IS refers to an entire set of information not only the technology
involved, but the people & processes as well. Information systems degree coursework ranges
from programming to communications, helping students learn both the tech planning and
business management sides of the field, and how to implement these information systems to
internally support companies and organizations.

Question: Briefly discuss the different types of software.

Answer:
Computer software is divided into two basic types:
1. System Software: The system software is a type of computer software that is designed
for running the computer hardware parts and the application programs. It is the
platform provided to the computer system where other computer programs can
execute. The system software act as a middle layer between the user applications and
hardware. The operating system is the type of system software. The operating system is
used to manage all other programs installed on the computer.
2. Application Software: The other category of software is application software that is
designed for the users to perform some specific tasks like writing a letter, listening to
music or seeing any video. For all these requirements there required a specific software
for each type and that specific software that is designed for some specific purpose is
known as application software. The operating software runs the application software in
the computer system.

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 Question: Write down the names of primary and secondary memories.
Answer:
Memory refers to the physical devices used to store programs or data on a temporary or
permanent basis for use in a computer or other digital electronic device.
A. Primary Memory (Volatile): Primary memory, often called main memory, constitutes
that device, or group of devices, that holds instructions and data for rapid and direct
access by the computer’s central processing unit (CPU).
1. RAM
2. ROM
B. Secondary Memory (Storage): Secondary memory, also called auxiliary memory or mass
storage, consists of devices not directly accessible by the CPU.
1. Hard disk
2. CD
3. DVD
4. Pen Drive
5. Floppy disk
6. Magnetic tape

Question: What is the basic different between Internet and Intranet?

Answer:
Internet:
Internet is used to connect different network of computers simultaneously. It is a public
network therefore anyone can access the internet. In internet, there are multiple users and it
provides unlimited number of information to the users.
Intranet:
Intranet is the type of internet which is used by privately. It is a private network therefore
anyone can’t access intranet. In intranet, there are limited number of users and it provides
limited number of information to its users.

Now, we shall see the difference between internet and intranet:

SL Internet Intranet

1. Internet is used to connect different Intranet is owned by private firms.

network of computers simultaneously.

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 2. In internet, there are multiple users. In intranet, there are limited users.
3. Internet is unsafe. Intranet is safe.

4. In internet, There are more number of In intranet, There are less number of
visitors. visitors.
5. Internet is a public network. Intranet is a private network.

6. Anyone can access Internet. In this, anyone can’t access the

Intranet.
7. Internet provides unlimited information. Intranet provides limited
information.

Question: Define Bandwidth, Frequency, Network topology, Protocol & Domain Name.
Answer:
Bandwidth: Bandwidth is measured as the amount of data that can be transferred from one
point to another within a network in a specific amount of time. Typically, bandwidth is
expressed as a bit rate and measured in bits per second (bps).
Frequency: Frequency describes the number of waves that pass a fixed place in a given amount
of time. So if the time it takes for a wave to pass is 1/2 second, the frequency is 2 per second. If
it takes 1/100 of an hour, the frequency is 100 per hour.
Network topology: Network topology refers to the physical or logical layout of a network. It
defines the way different nodes are placed and interconnected with each other. Alternately,
network topology may describe how the data is transferred between these nodes.
There are two types of network topologies: physical and logical. Physical topology emphasizes
the physical layout of the connected devices and nodes, while the logical topology focuses on
the pattern of data transfer between network nodes.
Protocol: A network protocol is an established set of rules that determine how data is
transmitted between different devices in the same network. Essentially, it allows connected
devices to communicate with each other, regardless of any differences in their internal
processes, structure or design.
Domain Name: A domain name is a unique name that identifies a website. A domain name is an
Internet resource name that is universally understood by Web servers and online organizations
and provides all pertinent destination information. To access an organization’s Web-based
services, website users must know the precise domain name.

19
 Question: What is VPN?
Answer:
VPN: A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a service that allows to connect to the Internet via an
encrypted tunnel to ensure online privacy and protect sensitive data. A VPN is commonly used
to secure connection to public Wi-Fi hotspot, hide IP address and make browsing private.

Question: Write down the functions of different types of server.

Answer:
A server is typically a high-powered PC that is really no different than a typical desktop
computer. Most servers have a low-end video card and usually no sound card but boast some
advanced management options.
1. Web server: A computer, including software package that provides a specific kind of service
to client software running on other computers.
2. Mail server: A computer devoted to sending, receiving, and storing mail. The network
computer which stores and distributes electronic mail messages.
3. Proxy server: A server that acts as an intermediary between a workstation user and the
Internet so that the enterprise can ensure security, administrative control, and caching
service. A proxy server is associated with or part of a gateway server that separates the
enterprise network from the outside network and a firewall server that protects the
enterprise network from outside intrusion.
4. File server: A networked computer used to store files for access by other client computers
on the network.
5. Application server: An application server is a software platform that delivers content to the
Web. This means that an application server interprets site traffic and constructs pages
based on a dynamic content repository.
6. Print server: A thin server that connects a printer to a network and allows users to share
the printer. It may be a separate unit or a plug-in card in the printer.

Question: What is software and hardware?

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Answer:
Software and Hardware: Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate
computers and execute specific tasks. Opposite of hardware, which describes the physical
aspects of a computer, software is a generic term used to refer to applications, scripts and
programs that run on a device. Software can be thought of as the variable part of a computer,
and hardware the invariable part.

Question: What are the types of software? Explain with two examples of each type.
Answer:
Types of Software: There are two main types of software: systems software and application
software.
1. Systems software: It includes the programs that are dedicated to managing the
computer itself, such as the operating system (Windows), file management utilities, and
disk operating system (or DOS).
2. Application software: Simply applications, are often called productivity programs or
end-user programs because they enable the user to complete tasks, such as creating
documents (MS Office), spreadsheets, databases and publications, doing online
research, sending email, designing graphics (Adobe Photoshop), running businesses, and
even playing games.

21
References:
ICT Lecture Sheet, By Prof. Dr. Md. Mamunur Rashid, PhD (Japan)
Web Link:
https://www.managementstudyguide.com/information-system-and-information-
technology.htm
https://store.hp.com/us/en/tech-takes/7-ways-to-improve-computer-performance
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https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-internet-and-intranet/
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types.html

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