Arithmetic Progressions 5

Objective Section (1 mark each)

Multiple Choice Questions an = a + (n – 1)d

Q. 1. The common difference of the A.P. ⇒ an = a + (n – 1)2a
11 11--pp 11--22pp ⇒ an = a + 2an – 2a
,, ,, , ......... is
 pp pp pp ⇒ an = 2an – a
 ⇒ an = a(2n – 1)
[CBSE OD, Set 1, 2020]
\ Option (b) is correct. Ans.
Q. 3. The value of x for which 2x, (x + 10) and
1 (3x + 2) are the three consecutive terms of an
(a) 1 (b)
p A.P. is  [CBSE Delhi, Set 1, 2020]
(a) 6 (b) – 6
1 (c) 18 (d) – 18
(c) – 1 (d) -
p
Ans. Let a1 = 2x, a2 = (x + 10), a3 = (3x + 2)
Ans. We know, We know, a2 – a1 = a3 – a2
Common difference, d = a2 – a1 (x + 10) – 2x = (3x + 2) – (x + 10)
1- p 1 ⇒ 3x = 18
= - 18
p p ⇒ x = =6
3
1- p -1
= ⇒ x =6
p
\ Option (a) is correct. Ans.
p Q. 4. The first term of an A.P. is p and the common
= - difference is q, then its 10th term is 
p
 [CBSE Delhi, Set 1, 2020]
= – 1 (a) q + 9p (b) p – 9q
\ Option (c) is correct. Ans. (c) p + 9q (d) 2p + 9q
Q. 2. The nth term of the A.P. a, 3a, 5a, ......... is Ans. We know that
[CBSE OD, Set 1, 2020] an = a + (n – 1)d
(a) na (b) (2n – 1)a Here a = p, d = q, n = 10
(c) (2n + 1)a (d) 2na \ 10th term, a10 = p + (10 – 1) (q)
⇒ a10 = p + 9q
Ans. In the A.P., a = a and d = 3a – a = 2a
We know, nth term of an A.P. is given by, \ Option (c) is correct. Ans.

Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 mark each)

− a −1
Q. 1. Find the common difference of the = =
Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) 3a 3
1
1 3 − a 3 − 2a , ... (a ≠ 0) Q. 2. Find the 21st term of the A.P. − 4 , −3,
, , 2
a 3a 3a 1
− 1 , ... [CBSE OD, Set 2, 2019]
 [CBSE OD, Set 1, 2019] 2

Ans. Given, A.P. is 1 , 3 − a , 3 − 2 a , ....... 1 1

Ans. Given, − 4 , −3 , −1 , ....
a 3a 3a 2 2
3−a 1 9 3
d= − ⇒ − , −3, − , .....
3a a 2 2
3−a−3 9  9 9
= Here a = − , d = −3 −  −  = − 3 +
3a 2  2 2
 −6 + 9 3 ⇒ a = 4 + 24
     = =
2 2 ⇒ a = 28
\ Tn = a + (n − 1)d Q. 5. What is the common difference of an
9 3 A.P. in which a21 − a7 = 84?
T21 = − + (21 − 1)
2 2  [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2017]
9 3 Ans.
T21 = − + 20 ×
2 2 Given, a21 − a7 = 84
9 ⇒ (a + 20d) − (a + 6d) = 84
T21 = − + 30
2
⇒ a + 20d − a − 6d = 84
− 9 + 60 51 1
T21 = = = 25 ⇒ 20d − 6d = 84
2 2 2
⇒ 14d = 84
Q. 3. How many two digits numbers are 84
divisible by 3? [CBSE Delhi, Set 1, 2019] ⇒ d= =6
14
Ans. The two-digit numbers divisible by 3 are Hence common difference = 6
12, 15, 18, ....... 99
Q. 6. For what value of k will k + 9, 2k − 1 and
This is an A.P. in which a = 12, d = 3, an = 99
2k + 7 are the consecutive terms of an
an = a + (n − 1)d A.P.? [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2016]
\ 99 = 12 + (n − 1) × 3 Ans. We have, k + 9, 2k − 1 and 2k + 7 as con-
87 = (n − 1) × 3 secutive terms of an A.P
87 Then, 2(2k − 1) = k + 9 + 2k + 7
or n−1= = 29
3 4k − 2 = 3k + 16
or n = 30
⇒ k = 18
So, there are 30 two-digit numbers
divisible by 3. Q. 7. Find the 9th term from the end (towards
Q. 4. In an AP, if the common difference (d) the first term) of the A.P. 5, 9, 13, ..... , 185.
= −4 and the seventh term (a7) is 4, then  [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2016]
find the first term. [CBSE 2018]
Ans. Given, A.P. is 5, 9, 13, ..... , 185
Ans. Given, d = − 4
l = 185 and d = 5 − 9 = 9 − 13 = −4
and a7 = 4
then, l9 = l + (n − 1)d
⇒ a + 6d = 4
 = 185 + (9 − 1)(− 4)
⇒ a + 6(− 4) = 4
⇒ a − 24 = 4 = 185 + 8(− 4)
∴ l9 = 153

Short Answer Type Questions-I  (2 marks each)

Q. 1. Show that (a – b)2, (a2 + b2) and (a + b)2 are = a2 + b2 + 2ab – a2 – b2
in AP. [CBSE Delhi, Set 1, 2020] = 2ab
\ a2 – a1 = a3 – a2
Ans.
Let a1 = (a – b)2, a2 = (a2 + b2), a3 = (a + b)2
Hence (a – b)2, (a2 + b2) and (a + b)2 are in A.P.
\ a2 – a1 = (a2 + b2) – (a – b)2  Hence Proved.
= a2 + b2 – (a2 + b2 – 2ab)
Q. 2. Find the sum of first 20 terms of the follow-
= a2 + b2 – a2 – b2 + 2ab
= 2ab ing AP : 1, 4, 7, 10, ...........
a3 – a2 = (a + b)2 – (a2 + b2) [CBSE Delhi, Set 2, 2020]
Ans. Given, A.P. is 1, 4, 7, 10, ............. Here a = 3, d = 12
\ a = 1, d = 4 – 1 = 3 and n = 20 \ a21 = a + 20d
We know that, = 3 + 20 × 12
n = 3 + 240 = 243
Sn = [2 a + (n - 1)d]
2 Now, an = a21 + 120
20 = 243 + 120 = 363
⇒ S20 = [2(1) + (20 - 1) × 3]
2 an = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ S20 = 10 × [2 + 57] 363 = 3 + (n − 1)12
or 360 = (n − 1)12
= 10 × 59 = 590 Ans.
or n − 1 = 30
Q. 3. The sum of the first 7 terms of an A.P. is 63 n = 31
and that of its next 7 terms is 161. Find the Hence, the term which is 120 more than
A.P. [CBSE Delhi, Set 3, 2020] its 21st term will be its 31st term.
Ans. For the given A.P., Q. 5. If Sn, the sum of first n terms of an A.P.
S7 = 63 and S14 – S7 = 161 is given by Sn = 3n2 − 4n, find the nth
Now we know,
term.[CBSE Delhi, Set 1, 2019]
n
Sn = [2 a + (n - 1)d] Ans. Given, Sn = 3n2 − 4n
2
We know that
7
\ S7 = [2 a + (7 - 1)d] an = Sn − Sn − 1
2
7 = 3n2 − 4n − [3(n − 1)2 − 4 (n − 1)]
⇒ 63 = [2 a + 6 d]
2  = 3n2 − 4n − [3(n2 − 2n + 1) − 4n + 4]
⇒
a + 3d = 9 ...(i) = 3n2 − 4n − (3n2 − 6n + 3 − 4n + 4)
Also, S14 – S7 = 161 = 3n2 − 4n − 3n2 + 10n − 7
⇒ S14 = S7 + 161 = 6n − 7
14 So, nth term will be 6n − 7
⇒ [2 a + (14 - 1)d] = 63 + 161
2
Q. 6. Find, how many two digit natural
224 numbers are divisible by 7.
⇒ 2a + 13d =
7  [CBSE Delhi, Set 3, 2019]
⇒ 2a + 13d = 32 Ans. Two digit natural numbers which are
From equation (i) we get a = 9 – 3d divisible by 7 are
Putting this value of a in equation (ii), we get 14, 21, 28, .... 98
2(9 – 3d) + 13d = 32 It is an A.P., such that
⇒ 18 – 6d + 13d = 32 a = 14, an = 98; d = 21 − 14 = 7
⇒ 7d = 32 – 18 an = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ 7d = 14 \ 98 = 14 + (n − 1) × 7
⇒ d =2 84 = (n − 1)7
⇒ a = 9 – 3(2)  ...(from eq (i) or n − 1 = 12
⇒ a =3 n = 13
a+d =3+2=5 Hence, there are 13 two digit natural
a + 2d = 3 + 2(2) = 7 numbers, divisible by 7.
\ A.P. is 3, 5, 7 ...... Ans. Q. 7. If the sum of first n terms of an A.P. is n2,
Q. 4. Which term of the A.P. 3, 15, 27, 39, ...... then find its 10th term.
will be 120 more than its 21st term?  [CBSE Delhi, Set 3, 2019]
 [CBSE Delhi, Set 1, 2019] Ans. Given, Sn = n 2

Ans. The given A.P. is 3, 15, 27, 39, .... So, Sn − 1 = (n − 1)2
 We know, an = Sn − Sn − 1 Ans. 1st A.P. is 63, 65, 67, ...
= n2 − (n − 1)2 a = 63, d = 65 − 63 = 2
= n2 − [n2 − 2n + 1] an = a + (n − 1)d
= n2 − n2 + 2n − 1 = 63 + (n − 1)2
an = 2n − 1 = 63 + 2n − 2 = 61 + 2n
nd
2 A.P. is 3, 10, 17, . . .
Put n = 10,
\ a10 = 2 × 10 − 1 = 19 a = 3, d = 10 − 3 = 7
Hence 10th term = 19 an = a + (n − 1)d
= 3 + (n − 1)7
Q. 8. Find the sum of first 8 multiples of 3. = 3 + 7n − 7
 [CBSE 2018]
= 7n − 4
Ans. First 8 multiples of 3 are According to question,
3, 6, 9 ......... 21, 24. 61 + 2n = 7n − 4
We can observe that the above series is an
61 + 4 = 7n − 2n
AP with a = 3, d = 6 − 3 = 3, n = 8
Sum of n terms of an A.P. is given by, 65 = 5n
n 65
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d] n= = 13
2 5
8 \ n = 13
\ S8 = [2 × 3 + (8 − 1)(3)]
2 th
Hence, 13 term of both A.P are equal.
= 4[6 + 7 × 3]
= 4 [6 + 21] Q. 12. Find how many integers between 200
= 4 × 27 and 500 are divisible by 8.
⇒ S8 = 108  [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2017]
1 Ans. Smallest divisible no. (by 8) in given range
Q. 9. Which term of the progression 20, 19 ,
4 = 208
1 3 Last divisible no. (by 8) in range = 496
18 , 17 , ... is the first negative term?
2 4 So, a = 208, d = 8, n =?, an = 496
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2017] an = a + (n − 1)d
Ans. Refer CBSE, 2020, O.D., Set III Q. 32. = 208 + (n − 1)8
⇒ 8n + 208 − 8 = 496
Q. 10. Which term of the A.P. 8, 14, 20, 26, ... will ⇒ 8n = 496 − 200 = 296
be 72 more than its 41st term? 296
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 2, 2017] \ n= = 37
8
Ans. A.P. is 8, 14, 20, 26, . . . . So number of terms between 200 and 500
a = 8, d = 14 − 8 = 6 divisible by 8 are 37.
Q. 13. The 4th term of an A.P. is zero. Prove that
Let an = a41 + 72
the 25th term of the A.P. is three times its
⇒ a + (n − 1)d = a + 40d + 72 11th term.
⇒ (n − 1) 6 = 40 × 6 + 72  [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2016]
= 240 + 72 Ans. We know that,
Tn = a + (n − 1)d
312
⇒ n−1= = 52 Given, T4 = a + (4 − 1) d = 0
6 ⇒ a + 3d = 0
⇒ n = 52 + 1 = 53rd term
⇒ a = − 3d
Q. 11. For what value of n, are the nth terms of
T25 = a + (25 − 1)d
two A.Ps 63, 65, 67, .... and 3, 10, 17, ....
equal? [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 3, 2017] = a + 24d
 = (− 3d) + 24d ⇒ [2(65) + (n − 1) (− 5)] = 0
= 21d ⇒ 130 − 5n + 5 = 0
And, T11 = a + (11 − 1)d ⇒ 135 − 5n = 0
= a + 10d ⇒ 5n = 135
Then, 3 T11 = 3(a + 10d) \ n = 27
= 3a + 30d Hence, the no. of terms are 27.
..
= 3(− 3d) + 30d ( . a = −3d) Q. 17. In an A.P., if S5 + S7 = 167 and S10 = 235,
= 30d − 9d = 21d = T25 then find the A.P., where Sn denotes the
sum of its first n terms. 
\ 3 T11 = T25 Hence Proved.
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2015]
Q. 14. How many terms of the A.P. 18, 16, 14, .... Ans. Given, S5 + S7 = 167
be taken so that their sum is zero?
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2016] 5 7
⇒ (2 a + 4 d) + (2 a + 6 d) = 167
Ans. Given, A.P. is 18, 16, 14, .... 2 2
We have, a = 18, d = 16 − 18 = 14 − 16 = − 2 5 7
⇒ × 2( a + 2d) + × 2( a + 3 d) = 167
Now, Sn = 0 2 2
n ⇒ 5a + 10d + 7a + 21d = 167
Therefore, Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d] = 0
2 ⇒ 12a + 31d = 167 …(i)
n Also, S10 = 235
⇒ [2 × 18 + (n − 1) (− 2)] = 0
2 10
⇒ 36 − 2n + 2 = 0 ⇒ (2 a + 9d) = 235
⇒ 2n = 38 2
⇒ 10a + 45d = 235
\ n = 19
⇒ 2a + 9d = 47 …(ii)
Hence, the no. of terms are 19.
On multiplying equation (ii) by 6, we get:
Q. 15. How many terms of the A.P. 27, 24, 21, ...
12a + 54d = 282 …(iii)
should be taken so that their sum is zero?
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 2, 2016] On subtracting equation (i) from (iii), we
get:
Ans. Given, A.P. is 27, 24, 21, ...
12a + 54d = 282
We have, a = 27, d = 24 − 27 = 21 − 24 = − 3
12a + 31d = 167
Now, Sn = 0 − − −
n
Therefore, Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d] = 0 23d = 115
2
n ⇒ d=5
⇒ [2 (27) + (n − 1)(− 3)] = 0
2 Substituting value of d in equation (i), we
⇒ 54 − 3n + 3 = 0 get
⇒ 57 − 3n = 0 12a + 31 × 5 = 167
⇒ 3n = 57 ⇒ 12a + 155 = 167
\ n = 19 ⇒ 12a = 12
Hence, the no. of terms are 19. ⇒ a=1
Q. 16. How many terms of the A.P. 65, 60, 55, .... Hence A.P. is 1, 6, 11....
be taken so that their sum is zero? Q. 18. Find the middle term of the A.P. 6, 13,
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 3, 2016] 20, ....., 216. 
Ans. Given, A.P. is 65, 60, 55, ....  [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2015]
We have, a = 65, d = 60 − 65 = 55 − 60 = − 5 Ans. Given A.P. is 6, 13, 20, ..........., 216
Now, Sn = 0 Here, a = 6, d = 13 − 6 = 20 − 13 = 7
n
Therefore, Sn = [2a + (n − 1) d] = 0 Let n be the number of terms.
2
 then Tn = a + (n − 1)d Ans. Given A.P. is 213, 205, 197, ........., 37
⇒ 216 = 6 + (n − 1)7 Here a = 213, d = 205 − 213 = 197 − 205 = − 8
⇒ 216 = 6 + 7n − 7 Let n be the number of terms
⇒ 217 = 7n Then, Tn = a + (n − 1)d
\ n = 31 37 = 213 + (n − 1)(− 8)
(n + 1)th
and middle term is term i.e., 37 = 213 − 8n + 8
16th term 2
8n = 184
\ T16 = 6 + (16 − 1) 7
n = 23
= 6 + 15 × 7 th
\ T16 = 111 And middle term is (n + 1) term i.e. 12th
term 2
\ Middle term of the A.P. is 111.
\ T12 = 213 + (12 − 1)(− 8)
Q. 19. Find the middle term of the A.P. 213, 205,
= 213 + 11 (− 8) = 213 − 88
197, ......, 37.
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 2, 2015] \ T12 = 125
\ Middle term of the A.P. is 125.

Short Answer Type Questions-II (3 marks each)

Q. 1. Show that the sum of all terms of an Ans. Given : 1 + 4 + 7 + 10 + ... + x = 287
A.P. whose first term is a, the second In this A.P., a = 1, d = 3, S = 287 and l = x
term is b and the last term is c is equal to
(a + c ) (b + c - 2a) We know that,
[CBSE OD, Set 1, 2020] l = a + (n – 1)d
2 (b - a )
 ⇒ x = 1 + (n – 1)3
Ans. Given : First term of A.P. = a
⇒ x = 1 + 3n – 3
Second term of A.P. = b
⇒ x = 3n – 2
and, Last term of A.P. = c
x+2
So, Common difference, d = b – a ⇒ n =
3
We know,
n
l = a + (n – 1)d Now, Sn = ( a + l)
2
⇒ c = a + (n – 1) (b – a)
⇒ c – a = (n – 1) (b – a) ( x + 2) (1 + x)
⇒ 287 =
c-a 6
⇒ n–1 =
b-a ⇒ x2 + 3x + 2 = 1722
c-a x2 + 3x – 1720 = 0
⇒ n = +1
b-a x2 + 43x – 40x – 1720 = 0

b + c - 2a x(x + 43) – 40 (x + 43) = 0

⇒ n =
b-a x = – 43 or x = 40
n \ x = – 43 is not possible because it is

Now, Sn = ( a + l)
2 increasing A.P.
(b + c - 2 a) ( a + c ) \ x = 40. Ans.
⇒ Sn =
2(b - a)  Q. 3. If in an A.P., the sum of first m terms is n
Hence Proved. and the sum of its first n terms is m, then
prove that the sum of its first (m + n) terms
Q. 2. Solve the equation : [CBSE OD, Set 1, 2020]
is – (m + n). [CBSE OD, Set 2, 2020]
1 + 4 + 7 + 10 + ..... + x = 287.
Ans. Given : Sum of first m terms of an A.P. is n. 1 1 3
Ans. Given A.P. is 20, 19 , 18 , 17 , .....
m 4 2 4
\ [2 a + (m - 1)d] = n
2 \ First term (a) = 20
⇒ [2am + m(m – 1)d] = 2n  ...(i) and common difference (d)
Also, sum of first n terms of an A.P. is m. 1 3
= 19 - 20 =-
n 4 4
\ [2 a + (n - 1)d] = m
2 77 77 - 80 3
= - 20 = = -
⇒ [2an + n(n – 1)d] = 2m ...(ii) 4 4 4
Subtracting (ii) from (i), th
Let n term be the first negative term
⇒ [2am + m(m – 1)d] – [2an + n(n – 1)d] = So, an < 0
2n – 2m ⇒ a + (n – 1)d < 0
⇒ 2a (m – n) + [(m2 + n2) – (m – n)]d = 2(n – m)  3
⇒ 20 + (n - 1)  -  < 0
⇒ 2a (m – n) + [(m + n) (m – n) – (m – n)]d =  4
 – 2(m – n) 3n 3
⇒ 20 - + <0
⇒ (m – n) [2a + {(m + n) – 1}d] = – 2 (m – n) 4 4
⇒ 2a + (m + n – 1)d = – 2 83 3n
⇒ - <0
m+n m+n 4 4
⇒ [2 a + (m + n - 1)d] = - 2 ×
2 2 3n 83
⇒ >
4 4
 m+n 
 Multiplying 2 both sides  ⇒ 3n > 83

83
⇒ Sm + n = – (m + n) Hence Proved. ⇒ n >
3
Q. 4. Find the sum of all 11 terms of an A.P. whose
middle term is 30.[CBSE OD, Set–II, 2020] 2
⇒ n > 27
Ans. Total number of terms = 11 i.e., odd 3
th So, n = 28
 11 + 1
\ Middle term =  term = 6th term
 2 
th
Hence, 28 term is the first negative term.
 Ans.
⇒ a6 = 30 Q. 6. Find the middle term of the A.P. 7, 13, 19, ....
Let a be the first term and d be the common 247.  [CBSE OD, Set 3, 2020]
difference. Ans. Given A.P. is 7, 13, 19, ...., 247.
Then, a + 5d = 30 ...(i) \ a = 7 and d = 13 – 7 = 6

11 Let n be the number of terms in the given
Now, S11 = [2 a + (11 - 1)d] A.P.
2
So, an = a + (n – 1)d
11
S11 = [2 a + 10d] ⇒ 247 = 7 + (n – 1)6
2
⇒ 240 = (n – 1)6
S11 = 11 [a + 5d] ⇒ n – 1 = 40
S11 = 11 × 30  [Using (i)] ⇒ n = 41
= 330 Ans. So, number of terms are odd.

1 1 3 n + 1 41 + 1
Q. 5. Which term of the A.P. 20, 19 , 18 , 17 , Hence, middle term = = = 21
4 2 4 2 2
.... is the first negative term. \ Middle term = a21
 [CBSE OD, Set 3, 2] = a + (21 – 1)d
 = 7 + 20 × 6 n
= 7 + 120
Sn = [2a + (n – 1) d]
2
= 127  Ans. n
636 = [18 + 8n – 8]
2
Q. 7. The first term of an A.P. is 5, the last term n
is 45 and the sum of all its terms is 400. 636 = [10 + 8n]
2
Find the number of terms and the com-
636 = n(5 + 4n)
mon difference of the A.P.
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2017] 636 = 5n + 4n2
Ans. Given, a = 5, an = 45, Sn = 400 4n2 + 5n – 636 = 0
n    4n2 + 53n – 48n – 636 = 0
We have, Sn = [a + an]
2  n (4n + 53) – 12 (4n + 53) = 0
n (n – 12) (4n + 53) = 0
⇒ 400 = [5 + 45]
2 n – 12 = 0
n −53
⇒ 400 = [50]  
2 n ≠ as n > 0  
 4 
400 \ n = 12
⇒ 25n = 400 ⇒ n =
25 1
⇒ n = 16 Q. 10. If mth term of an A.P. is and nth term
n
Now, an = a + (n − 1) d 1
is , then find the sum of its first mn
⇒ 45 = 5 + (16 − 1) d m
⇒ 45 − 5 = 15d terms. [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1 2017]
⇒ 15d = 40 Ans. Let a and d be the first term and common
8 difference respectively of the given A.P.
⇒ d=
3 1 1
8 Then, = mth term ⇒ = a + (m − 1) d
So n = 16 and d = n
...(i) n
3
Q. 8. If the 10th term of an A.P. is 52 and the 1 1
= nth term ⇒ = a + (n − 1) d
17th term is 20 more than the 13th term, ...(ii)m m
find the A.P.
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 2, 2017] By subtracting eq. (ii) from eq. (i),
Ans. Given, a10 = 52 ; a17 = a13 + 20 1 1
− = (m − n) d
⇒ a + 16d = a + 12d + 20 n m
m−n
⇒ 16d = 12d + 20 ⇒ = (m − n) d
mn
⇒ 4d = 20 1
⇒ d=
mn
⇒ d = 20 = 5
4 Putting d = 1 in eq. (i),
mn
Also a + 9d = 52
We get, 1 = a + (m − 1) 1
⇒ a + 9 × 5 = 52
n mn
⇒ a + 45 = 52
1 1 1
\ a=7 ⇒ =a+ −
Therefore A.P. = 7, 12, 17, 22, 27, . . . . n n mn
Q. 9. How many terms of an A.P. 9, 17, 25, ... 1
must be taken to give a sum of 636? ⇒ a=
mn
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 3, 2017]
Ans. Sum of first mn terms
A.P. is 9, 17, 25, . . . . and Sn = 636 mn
= [2a + (mn − 1) d]
a = 9, d = 17 – 9 = 8 2
 mn  2 1  a + (p − 1) (− 1) = q
=
2  mn + (mn − 1) mn  a=q+p−1
⇒ n term = a + (n − 1)d
th
. . 1 1 
  . a = mn , d = mn  = q + p − 1 + (n − 1) (− 1)
=q+p−1+1−n=q+p−n
mn  1  ⇒ Tn = q + p − n Hence Proved.
=  + 1
2  mn 
Q. 13. If the ratio of the sum of first n terms of
1 + mn two A.P.’s is (7n + 1) : (4n + 27), find the
=
2 ratio of their mth terms.
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2016]
Q. 11. Find the sum of n terms of the series
Ans. Let the sum of first n terms of two A.P’s be
 4 − 1  +  4 − 2  +  4 − 3  + ........ Sn and Sn’. n
 n  n  n {2 a + (n − 1)d}
Sn 2
then, = n
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2017] Sn' {2 a ’+ (n − 1)d ’}
2
1
Ans. In given series, a =  4 −  =
7n + 1
 n 4 n + 27
 2  1 2 1 1 n −1
d =  4 −  −  4 −  = 4 − − 4 + = − a +  d
 n  n n n n  2  7n + 1
⇒ = ...(i)
n −1 4 n + 27
Sn =
n
[2a + (n − 1) d] a' +   d ’
2  2 
n  1 1  Also, let mth term of two A.P’s be Tm
=  2  4 −  + (n − 1)  −   and Tm’
2   n  n 
Tm a + (m − 1)d
n  2 (n − 1)  =
=  8− − Tm ’ a ’ + (m − 1)d ’
2  n n 
n−1
n  1 Replacing by m − 1 in (i), we get
=  7−  2
2  n 
a + (m − 1)d 7(2m − 1) + 1
n  7n − 1 =
= a ’ + (m − 1)d ’ 4(2m − 1) + 27
2  n 
7n − 1 [ n − 1 = 2(m − 1) ⇒ n = 2m − 2 + 1 = 2m − 1]
=
2
Tm 14 m − 7 + 1 14 m − 6
Q. 12. If the pth term of an A.P. is q and qth term \ = =
is p, prove that its nth term is (p + q − n). Tm ’ 8 m − 4 + 27 8 m + 23
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 3, 2017] \ Ratio of mth term of two A.P’s is 14m −
Ans. Let a be first term and d be common 6 : 8m + 23
difference.
Q. 14. The digits of a positive number of three
Then, pth term = q ⇒ a + (p − 1)d = q...(i) digits are in A.P. and their sum is 15. The
qth term = p ⇒ a + (q − 1)d = p ...(ii) number obtained by reversing the digits
On subtracting eq. (ii) from eq. (i) is 594 less than the original number. Find
the number.
(p − 1) d − (q − 1)d = q − p
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 2, 2016]
⇒ pd − d − qd + d = q − p
Ans. Let the three digits of a positive number be
q−p
⇒ (p − q) d = q − p ⇒ d = =−1 a − d, a, a + d
p−q
\ a − d + a + a + d = 3a = 15
Putting value of d in eq. (i)
⇒ a=5
 Original number = 100 (a − d) + 10 (a) + a + d Ans. Given, sum of first 7 terms of an A.P. (S7)
= 100a − 100d + 10a + a + d = 49
= 111a − 99d and sum of first 17 terms of an A.P. (S17)
= 289
And, number obtained by reversing the 7
digits i.e., S7 = [2a + (7 − 1)d] = 49
2
= 100 (a + d) + 10(a) + a − d ⇒ 2a + 6d = 14 ...(i)
= 100a + 100d + 10a + a − d 17
And,  S17 = [2a + (17 − 1)d] = 289
= 111a + 99d 2
⇒ 2a + 16d = 34 ...(ii)
According to the given condition,
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
(111a − 99d) − (111a + 99d) = 594
2a + 16d = 34
⇒ − 198d = 594
2a + 6d = 14
\ d=−3 − − −
\ Original number is 111(5) − 99 (−3) i.e, 10d = 20
852.
⇒ d=2
Q. 15. The sums of first n terms of three arith- Putting d = 2 in eq. (i), we get
metic progressions are S1, S2 and S3 res- a=1
pectively. The first term of each A.P. is
1 and their common differences are 1, 2 Hence, sum of first n term of A.P.,
and 3 respectively. Prove that S1 + S3 = n
Sn = [2(1) + (n − 1)2]
2S2.  [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 3, 2016] 2
Ans. Given, first term of each A.P. (a) = 1 n
⇒ Sn = [2 + (n − 1)2]
and their common differences are 1, 2 and 3. 2
⇒ Sn = n2
n
\ S1 = [2a + (n − 1)d1]
2 Q. 17. The 14th term of an AP is twice its 8th
n n term. If its 6th term is −8, then find the
= [2 + (n − 1)1] = (n + 1) sum of its first 20 terms.
2 2
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2015]
n Ans. In the given AP, let first term = a and com-
S2 = [2a + (n − 1)d2]
2 mon difference = d
n n Then, Tn = a + (n − 1)d
= [2 + (n − 1)2] = (2n) = n2
2 2 ⇒ T14 = a + (14 − 1)d = a + 13d
n and T8 = a + (8 − 1)d = a + 7d
and S3 = [2a + (n − 1)d3]
2 Now, T14 = 2T8  (Given)
n n a + 13d = 2(a + 7d)
= [2 + (n − 1) 3] = (3n − 1)
2 2 ⇒ a +13d = 2a + 14d
n n ⇒ a = − d ...(i)
Now, S1 + S3 = (n + 1) + (3n − 1)
2 2 Also, T6 = a + (6 − 1)d
n n ⇒ a + 5d = − 8 ...(ii)
= (n + 1 + 3n − 1) = 4n ×
2 2 Putting the value of ‘a’ from equation (i),
= 2n2 = 2S2 we get
\ S1 + S3 = 2S2 Hence Proved. − d + 5d = − 8
Q. 16. If the sum of first 7 terms of an A.P. is 49 ⇒ 4d = − 8
and that of its first 17 terms is 289, find d=−2
the sum of first n terms of the A.P. Substituting d = − 2 in equation (ii), we get
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2016] a +5(− 2) = − 8
 ⇒ a = 10 − 8 \ S15 = 495
\ a=2 Hence, sum of first fifteen terms is 495.
\ Sum of first 20 terms is Q. 19. The 13th term of an AP is four times its
n 3rd term. If its fifth term is 16, then find
S20 = [2 a + (n − 1)d] the sum of its first ten terms.
2
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 3, 2015]
20
= [2 × 2 + (20 − 1)(−2)] Ans. In the given A.P., let first term = a and
2
common difference = d
= 10[4 − 38]
Then, Tn = a + (n − 1)d
= − 340
⇒ T13 = a + (13 − 1)d = a + 12d
Q. 18. The 16th term of an AP is five times its and T3 = a + (3 − 1)d = a + 2d
third term. If its 10th term is 41, then find
the sum of its first fifteen terms. Now, T13 = 4T3(Given)
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 2, 2015] a + 12d = 4(a + 2d)

Ans. Given that 16th term of an A.P. is five times ⇒ a + 12d = 4a + 8d
its 3rd term. ⇒ 3a = 4d
i.e., a + (16 − 1)d = 5[a + (3 − 1)d] 4
⇒ a + 15d = 5[a + 2d] \ a= d ...(i)
3
⇒ a + 15d = 5a + 10d Also, T5 = a + (5 − 1)d
⇒ 4a − 5d = 0 ...(i) ⇒ a + 4d = 16 ...(ii)
Also given that, Putting the value of ‘a’ from equation (i)
a10 = 41 in (ii), we get
⇒ a + (10 − 1)d = 41 4
d + 4 d = 16
⇒ a + 9d = 41 ...(ii) 3
On multiplying equation (ii) by 4, we get ⇒ 4d + 12d = 48
4a + 36d = 164 ...(iii) ⇒ 16d = 48
Subtracting equation (iii) from (i), we get \ d=3
4a − 5d = 0 Substituting d = 3 in equation (ii), we get
4a + 36d = 164 a + 4(3) = 16
− − − ⇒ a = 16 − 12
− 41d = − 164 \ a=4
\ d=4 \ Sum of first ten terms is
On putting the value of ‘d’ in equation (i), n
S10 = [2 a + (n − 1)d]
we get 2
4a − 5 × 4 = 0 10
⇒ 4a = 20 =
[2 × 4 + (10 − 1)3]
2
\ a=5 = 5[8 + 27]

15
Now, S15 = [2 a + (15 − 1)d] = 175

2
Q. 20. If Sn, denotes the sum of first n terms of
15 an A.P., prove that S12 = 3(S8 − S4)
S15 = (2 × 5 + 14 × 4)
2  [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2015]
Ans. Let a be the first term and d be the com-
= 15 2(5 + 14 × 2)
2 mon difference.
= 15(5 +28) n
We know, Sn = [2 a + (n − 1)d]
= 15 × 33 2
 12 \ Tn = 3n + 2
Then, S12 =
[2 a + (12 − 1)d]
2 And T20 = 5 + (20 − 1)3
= 6 (2a + 11d) = 12a + 66d = 5 + 19 × 3
8
S8 = [2 a + (8 − 1)d] \ T20 = 62
2
= 4(2a + 7d) = 8a + 28d Q. 22. If Sn denotes the sum of first n terms of
4 an A.P., prove that S30 = 3[S20 − S10]
and, S4 = [2a + (4 − 1)d]  [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 3, 2015]
2
= 2(2a + 3d) = 4a + 6d Ans. Let a be the first term and d be the com-
Now, 3(S8 − S4) = 3(8a + 28d − 4a − 6d) mon difference of the A.P.
n
= 3(4a + 22d) Sn = [2 a + (n − 1)d]
2
= 12a + 66d
30
= S12 Hence Proved. \ S30 = [2 a + (30 − 1)d]
2
Q. 21. If the sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is
= 15(2a + 29d)
1
(3n2 + 7 n), then find its nth term. Hence = 30a + 435d
2
write its 20th term. 20
S20 = [2 a + (20 − 1)d]
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 2, 2015] 2

Ans. Given, Sn = 1 (3 n2 + 7 n) = 10[2a + 19d]

2 = 20a + 190d
1 2
Now, S1 = [3(1) + 7(1)] = 5 = a 10
2 And, S10 = [2 a + (10 − 1)d]
 (First term) 2
1
And, S2 = [3(2)2 + 7(2)] = 13 = 5[2a + 9d]
2
= 10a + 45d
Second term (a2) = 13 − 5 = 8
Now, 3[S20 − S10]
\ a = 5, d = 3
= 3[20a + 190d − 10a − 45d]
We know, Tn = a + (n − 1)d = 3[10a + 145d]
= 5 + (n − 1)(3) = 30a + 435d = S30
= 5 + 3n − 3
  \ S30 = 3[S20 − S10] Hence Proved.

Long Answer Type Questions (4 marks each)

Q. 1. The sum of four consecutive numbers in ( a - 3 d)( a + 3 d) 7
A.P. is 32 and the ratio of the product of the Also, =
( a - d) ( a + d) 15
first and last terms to the product of two
middle terms is 7 : 15. Find the number. ( a ) 2 - ( 3 d )2 7
⇒ =
 [CBSE Delhi, Set 1, 2020] ( a)2 - (d)2 15

Solution : Let the four consecutive terms of the
A.P. be a – 3d, a – d, a + d, a + 3d. ( 8 )2 + 9 d 2 7
⇒ 2 2 =
According to the question, (8 ) - d 15 
(a – 3d) + (a – d) + (a + d) + (a + 3d) = 32 64 - 9d 2 7
⇒ =
⇒ 4a – 3d + 3d – d + d = 32 64 - d 2
15
⇒ 4a = 32
⇒ 15(64 – 9d2) = 7(64 – d2)
⇒ a =8
⇒ 960 – 135d2 = 448 – 7d2

⇒ – 135d2 + 7d2 = 448 – 960 a + d = 8 + 2 = 10

⇒ – 128d2 = – 512 a + 3d = 8 + 3(2) = 14
- 512 For d = – 2, four terms are,

⇒ d2 = a – 3d = 8 – 3(– 2) = 14
- 128
a – d = 8 – (– 2) = 10
d =±2 a + d = 8 + (– 2) = 6
For d = 2, four terms of A.P. are, a + 3d = 8 + 3(– 2) = 2
a – 3d = 8 – 3(2) = 2 Thus, the four terms of A.P. series are 2, 6, 10,
a–d =8–2=6 14 or 14, 10, 6, 2. Ans.
Q. 2. If m Times the mth
term of an Arithmetic Progression is equal to n times its term and nth
m ≠ n, show that the (m + n)th term of the A.P. is zero. [CBSE, 2019]
Topper’s Answers

Q. 3. Which term of the Arithmetic Progression = − 12 + 7

− 7, − 12, − 17, − 22, ...... will be − 82? Is − =−5
100 any term of the A.P.? Give reason for Let Tn = −82
your answer. [CBSE OD, Set 1, 2019]
\ Tn = a + (n − 1)d
Ans. −7, −12, − 17, −22, ..... − 82 = − 7 + (n − 1)(− 5)
Here a = − 7, d = − 12 − (− 7) − 82 = − 7 − 5n + 5
 − 80 = − 5n Ans. Given, S4 = 40 and S14 = 280
n = 16 If a be the first term and d be the common
Therefore, 16 term will be −82.
th difference of an A.P.
n
Let Tn = − 100 Then, Sum of n terms (Sn) = [2 a + (n − 1)d ]
2
Again, Tn = a + (n − 1)d n
− 100 = − 7 + (n − 1)(− 5) ⇒ Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
− 100 = − 7 − 5n + 5 4
− 98 = − 5n ⇒ S4 = [2a + 3d]
2
98
n= ⇒ 40 = 2(2a + 3d)
5
But the number of terms can not be in ⇒ 2a + 3d = 20 ...(i)
fraction. 14
Also, S14 = [2 a + (13)d]
2
So, −100 can not be a term of this A.P.
280 = 7 (2a + 13d)
Q. 4. How many terms of a Arithmetic or 2a + 13d = 40 ...(ii)
Progression 45, 39, 33, .... must be taken
On solving equation (i) and (ii), we get
so that their sum is 180? Explain the
double answer. [CBSE OD, Set 1, 2019] a = 7, d = 2
Now, sum of n terms
Ans. 45, 39, 33, ......
n
Here a = 45, d = 39 − 45 = − 6 Sn = [2 a + (n − 1) d]
2
Let Sn = 180 On putting a = 7, d = 2
n [ 2a + (n − 1)d] = 180 n
Sn = [14 + (n − 1) 2]
2 2
n = n [7 + n − 1]
[2 × 45 + (n − 1) (− 6)] = 180
2 = n (n + 6)
n = n2 + 6n
[90 − 6n + 6] = 180
2 Hence, the sum of first n terms is n2 + 6n
n
[96 − 6n] = 180 Q. 6. The first term of an A.P. is 3, the last term
2 is 83 and the sum of all its terms is 903.
n (96 − 6n) = 360 Find the number of terms and the com-
96n − 6n2 = 360 mon difference of the A.P.
 [CBSE Delhi, Set 2, 2019]
6n2 − 96n + 360 = 0
Ans. Given, a = 3, an = 83 = l and Sn = 903
On dividing the above equation by 6 an = a + (n − 1)d
n2 − 16n + 60 = 0 83 = 3 + (n − 1)d
n2 − 10n − 6n + 60 = 0 (n − 1)d = 80 ...(i)
n(n − 10) − 6 (n − 10) = 0 Also,
(n − 10) (n − 6) = 0 n
Sn = ( a + l)
n = 10, 6 2
n
\ Sum of first 10 terms = Sum of first 6 903 = (3 + 83)
2
terms = 180
1806 = n × 86
This means that the sum of all terms from
1806
7th to 10th is zero. n =
86
Q. 5. If the sum of first four terms of an A.P. is n = 21
40 and that of first 14 terms is 280. Find
From equation (i)
the sum of its first n terms.
 [CBSE Delhi, Set 1, 2019] (21 − 1) d = 80
 80 Hence, no. of terms are 21 and common
d= difference is 4 of given A.P.
20
d = 4
Q. 7. The sum of four consecutive numbers in an AP is 32 and the ratio of the product of the first
and the last term to the product of two middle terms is 7 : 15. Find the numbers. 
 [CBSE, 2018]
Topper’s Answers
Ans. Thus, the four terms of AP series are 2, 6,
Let the first term of AP be a and d be the 10, 14 or 14, 10, 6, 2.
common difference. Q. 8. If the ratio of the sum of the first n terms
Let four consecutive terms of an AP be of two A.P.s is (7n + 1) : (4n + 27), then
a − 3d, a − d, a + d and a + 3d find the ratio of their 9th terms.
According to the question,  [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2017]
a − 3d + a − d + a + d + a + 3d = 32 Ans.
⇒ 4a = 32 Ratio of sum of first n terms of two A.P.s
⇒ a = 8 ...(i) is
n
Also, [2 a + (n − 1)d] 7n + 1
2 =
(a − 3d) (a + 3d): (a − d) (a + d) = 7 : 15 n
[2 A + (n − 1)D] 4 n + 27
a 2 − 9d 2 7 2
2 2
= Put n = 17
a −d 15
64 − 9 d 2
7 2 a + ( 16 ) d 120
= [From (i) put a = 8] ⇒ =
64 − d 2 15 2 A + ( 16 ) D 95
15(64 − 9d2) = 7(64 − d2) 2 a + ( 16 ) d 120 24
⇒ = =
960 − 135d2 = 448 − 7d2 2 A + ( 16 ) D 95 19
960 − 448 = 135d2 − 7d2 a + 8d 24
⇒ =
512 = 128d2 A + 8D 19
512 a + (9 − 1)d 24
d2 = =
128 A + (9 − 1)D 19
d2 = 4
⇒ d = ±2  Hence ratio of 9th terms of two A.P.s is 24 : 19
For d = 2, four terms of AP are, Q. 9. The ratio of the sums of first m and first n
a − 3d = 8 − 3 (2) = 2 terms of an A. P. is m2 : n2.
a − d = 8 − 2 = 6 Show that the ratio of its mth and nth
a + d = 8 + 2 = 10 terms is (2m − 1) : (2n − 1).
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2017]
a + 3d = 8 + 3(2) = 14
For d = − 2, four terms are, Ans. Let a be first term and d is common
difference. m
a − 3d = 8 − 3 (− 2) = 14 [ 2a + (m − 1)d]  m2 
a − d = 8 − (− 2) = 10 Sm 2
Then, = n = 2 
a + d = 8 + (− 2) = 6 Sn [ 2a + (n − 1)d]  n 
2
a + d = 8 + 3 (− 2) = 2
 ⇒ n[2a + (m − 1) d] = m[2a + (n − 1)d] 1 1
Then, ap =
⇒ a + (p − 1)d = ...(i)
⇒ 2an + nd (m − 1) = 2am + md (n − 1) q q
⇒ 2a(n − m) = [m ( n − 1) − n (m − 1)]d 1 1
aq = ⇒ a + (q − 1)d =  ...(ii)
= (mn − m − mn + n)d p p
⇒ 2a(n − n) = (n − m)d Subtracting eq. (ii) from eq. (i),
or 2a = d 1 1 p−q
pd − qd = − =
Tm a + (m − 1)d q p pq
Now, =
Tn a + (n − 1)d
p−q 1
a + (m − 1)2 a ⇒ (p − q)d = or d =
pq pq
= a + (n − 1)2 a
Putting value of d in eq. (i),
2m − 1 1 1 1 p 1
= a + (p − 1) = ⇒a= − +
2n − 1 pq q q pq pq
Hence Proved. 1
⇒ a=
Q. 10. If the sum of first m terms of an A.P. is the pq
same as the sum of its first n terms, show pq
Now, Spq = (2a + (pq − 1) d )
that the sum of its first (m + n) terms is 2
zero. [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 2, 2017]
pq  2 1
Ans. Let a be first term and d is common differ- = + ( pq − 1) 
2  pq
pq 
ence of given A.P. then,
Sm = Sn
pq  2 pq 1 
m n =  + − 
{2a + (m − 1) d} = {2a + (n − 1) d} 2  pq pq pq 
2 2
2 am m 2 an n pq  1 + pq 
 ⇒ + (m − 1)d − − (n − 1)d = 0 ⇒ Spq =  
2 2 2 2 2  pq 
⇒ 2am − 2an + {m(m − 1) − n(n − 1)}d = 0
⇒ 2a(m − n) + (m2 − m − n2 + n)d = 0 = ( pq + 1)  Hence Proved
2
⇒ 2a(m − n) + {m2 − n2 − (m − n)}d = 0
Q. 12. A thief runs with a uniform speed of
⇒ 2a(m − n) + {(m − n) (m + n − 1)}d = 0 100 m/minute. After one minute a
⇒ (m − n)(2a + (m + n − 1))d = 0 policeman runs after the thief to catch him.
⇒ 2a + (m + n − 1)d = 0 He goes with a speed of 100 m/minute in
m+n the first minute and increases his speed by
Now, Sm + n = {2a + (m + n − 1)d} 10 m/minute every succeeding minute.
2
m+n After how many minutes the policeman
= 2 ×0=0 will catch the thief.
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2016]
 Hence Proved.
Ans. Let total time be n minutes
1
Q. 11. If the pth term of an A.P. is and qth Since policeman runs after 1 minute so he
q will catch the thief in (n − 1) minutes.
1
term is , prove that the sum of first pq Total distance covered by thief
p
terms of the A.P. is  pq + 1  . = 100 m/minute × n minute
 2  = (100 n) m
 [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 3, 2017] Now, total distance covered by the police-
Ans. Let a be first term and d is common man = (100)m + (100 + 10)m + (100 + 10 + 10)m
difference.  + ..... + (n − 1) terms
 i.e., 100 + 110 + 120 + ..... + (n − 1) terms ⇒ n = 7 or n = −6 (neglect)
n−1 Hence, policeman will catch the thief in
∴ Sn − 1 = [2 × 100 + (n − 2) 10]
2 (7 − 2) i.e., 5 minutes.
⇒ n − 1 [200 + (n − 2) 10] = 100 n
Q. 14. The sum of three numbers in A.P. is 12 and
2 sum of their cubes is 288. Find the numbers.
⇒ (n − 1) (200 + 10n − 20) = 200 n  [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 3, 2016]
⇒ 200n − 200 + 10n2 − 10n + 20 − 20n = 200n Ans. Let the three numbers in A.P. be a − d, a,
⇒ 10n2 − 30n − 180 = 0 a + d.
⇒ n2 − 3n − 18 = 0 Now, a − d + a + a + d = 12
⇒ n­2 − (6 − 3) n − 18 = 0 ⇒ 3a = 12
⇒ n2 − 6n + 3n − 18 = 0 \ a=4
⇒ n(n − 6) + 3 (n − 6) = 0
Also, (4 − d )3 + 43 + (4 + d )3 = 288
⇒ (n + 3) (n − 6) = 0
⇒ 64 − 48d +12d2 − d3 + 64 + 64 + 48d + 12d2 + d3
∴ n = 6 or n = − 3 (Neglect)
= 288
Hence, policeman will catch the thief in
(6 − 1) i.e., 5 minutes. ⇒ 192 + 24d = 288 2

⇒ 24d2 = 288 − 192

Q. 13. A thief, after committing a theft, runs at
a uniform speed of 50 m/minute. After 96
⇒ d2 = =4
2 minutes, a policeman runs to catch 24
him. He goes 60 m in first minute and \ d=±2
increases his speed by 5 m/minute every \ The numbers are 2, 4, 6 or 6, 4, 2.
succeeding minute. After how many
minutes, the policeman will catch the Q. 15. Find the 60th term of the A.P. 8, 10, 12.... if
thief? [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 2, 2016] it has a total of 60 terms and hence find
the sum of its last 10 terms.
Ans. Let total time be n minutes
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 1, 2015]
Since policeman runs after two minutes
Ans. Consider the given A.P. 8, 10, 12, .....
he will catch the thief in (n − 2) minutes.
Hence the first term is 8
Total distance covered by thief
And the common difference
 = 50 m/min × n min = (50n) m
d = 10 − 8 = 2
Now, total distance covered by the police­man
Therefore, 60th term is
= (60) + (60 + 5) + (60 + 5 + 5)
a60 = 8 + (60 − 1)2
 + ..... + (n − 2) terms
⇒ a60 = 8 + 59 × 2
i.e., 60 + 65 + 70 + ..... + (n − 2) terms
n−2 ⇒ a60 = 126
∴ Sn − 2 = [2 × 60 + (n − 3) 5] We need to find the sum of last 10 terms
2
⇒ n − 2 [120 + (n − 3)5] = 50n Since, sum of last 10 terms = Sum of first 60
2 terms − Sum of first 50 terms.
⇒ n − 2(120 + 5n − 15) = 100n 60 50
S10 = [2 × 8 + (60 − 1)2] − [2 × 8 + (50 − 1)2]
⇒ 120n − 240 + 5n2 − 10n − 15n + 30 = 100n 2 2
⇒ 5n2 − 5n − 210 = 0 60 50
⇒ n­2 − n − 42 = 0 = 2 × 2[8 + 59] − 2 × 2[8 + 49]
⇒ n2 − (7 − 6)n − 42 = 0 = 60 × 67 − 50 × 57
⇒ n2 − 7n + 6n − 42 = 0 = 4020 − 2850
⇒ n(n − 7) + 6(n − 7) = 0 = 1170
⇒ (n + 6)(n − 7) = 0 Hence, the sum of last 10 terms is 1170.
Q. 16. An arithmetic progression 5, 12, 19,..... Q. 17. Ramkali required ` 2500 after 12 weeks
has 50 terms. Find its last term. Hence to send her daughter to school. She
find the sum of its last 15 terms. saved ` 100 in the first week and incre-
 [CBSE OD, Term 2, Set 3, 2015] ased her weekly saving by ` 20 every
Ans. Given, AP is 5, 12, 19 ............. week. Find whether she will be able
to send her daughter to school after
Here, n = 50, a = 5, d= 12 − 5 = 19 − 12 = 7
12 weeks.
Now, T50 = a + (50 − 1)d What value is generated in the above
⇒ T50 = 5 + (49) × 7 = 348 situation?
15th term from last = (50 − 15 + 1)th term  [CBSE Delhi, Term 2, Set 1, 2015]
from starting i.e, 36th term
Ans. Money required by Ramkali = ` 2500
T36 = a + (36 − 1)d
We have, a = 100, d = 20 and n = 12
= 5 + 35(7)
= 250 \ A.P. formed is 100, 120, 140 ........... upto
n 12 terms.
\ Sum of last 15 terms = ( a + l)
2 Sum of money after 12 weeks
12
= 15 (250 + 348) S12 = [2 × 100 + (12 − 1)20]
2 2
 [ Here, a = 250 and l = 348] = 6[200 + 11 × 20] = 6(200 + 220)
15 = 6 × 420 = ` 2520
= × 598
2 Hence, Ramkali will be able to send her
= 4485 daughter to school after 12 weeks.