Architectural Engineering

Department
of the Libyan Academy
Higher Studies

BUILDING ENVIRONMENT AEA 622

Assistant Professor: Dr. Nura Alfaidy

Head of the Architectural
Engineering Department
of the Libyan Academy
Higher Studies

Subject: Designing a House that fits the new

environmental conditions in order to protect us from
future diseases such as COVID-19 or any other new

Presented by: Hussein EL-Kuwafi (14062)

Introduction
The advancements in technology have revolu onized
the healthcare industry, making it more efficient and
effec ve. One of the latest innova ons is the design
of smart houses for healthcare.

Smart houses are equipped with various sensors and

devices that monitor the health of individuals and
provide assistance when needed. These houses are
designed to cater to the needs of people with
disabilities, chronic illnesses, and older adults

1. Before we start designing we have to do

site Environmental Investigating & Impact of Built Buildings

1.1. Environmental investigation

Site environmental investigation is an essential
process for any built building. It involves the
assessment of potential environmental hazards and
risks that may affect the safety and health of
occupants.
The investigation aims to identify any environmental
problems caused by past or present activities on the
site, including contamination from chemicals,
hazardous waste, and other pollutants.

1.2. Site Assessment

The first step in the site environmental investigation
process is to conduct a thorough site assessment.
This involves a detailed review of the site history,
including any previous land use, ownership, and
zoning information.
The assessment also includes a physical inspection of
the site to identify any potential sources of
contamination, such as underground storage tanks,
chemical spills, or waste disposal areas.
1.3. Sampling and Analysis
Once potential sources of contamination have been
identified, the next step is to collect samples of soil,
water, and air for analysis. This involves using
specialized equipment and techniques to ensure
accurate and reliable results.
The analysis of these samples can provide crucial
information about the types and levels of
contaminants present on the site, as well as their
potential impact on human health and the
environment.

1.4. Risk Assessment

The results of the site assessment and sampling
analysis are used to conduct a risk assessment. This
involves evaluating the potential risks posed by the
contaminants present on the site, including their
toxicity, persistence, and mobility.

The risk assessment also considers factors such as the

likelihood of exposure, the sensitivity of the
population, and the potential for long-term health
effects.

1.5. Mitigation Strategies

Based on the results of the risk assessment, mitigation strategies are developed
to address any potential environmental risks associated with the site. These
may include measures such as soil remediation, groundwater treatment, or the
installation of vapor barriers.

The effectiveness of these strategies is evaluated through ongoing monitoring

and testing to ensure that the site remains safe and healthy for occupants and
the environment.
1.6. Conclusion
Site environmental investigation is a critical process for
ensuring the safety and health of occupants in built
buildings. Through a comprehensive assessment of
potential environmental hazards and risks, mitigation
strategies can be developed to restore the site's
environmental health.

Ongoing monitoring and testing are essential to ensure

the effectiveness of these strategies and maintain a
safe and healthy environment for all who occupy the
building.

2. Facility and devices work for smart Health Home

2.1. The concept of smart health house

The advancements in technology have revolutionized the healthcare industry,
making it more efficient and effective. One of the latest innovations is the
design of smart houses for healthcare.

Smart houses are equipped with various sensors and devices that monitor the
health of individuals and provide assistance when needed. These houses are
designed to cater to the needs of people with disabilities, chronic illnesses, and
older adults.

Smart home technology has become commonplace in many homes. It is used

to help with many different types of daily tasks. For people with medical issues
or those simply needing a helping hand at home, smart home assistants and
other technology can vastly improve your quality of life. It can also make it
easier for caregivers and medical professionals to provide care.
2.2. Seniors Are More Willing To Use Technology To Help
Manage Their Health
There is an assumption that seniors and technology
do not mix. However, this is changing. According to
a survey by the Consumer Technology Association
(CTA) 54% of seniors are open to using technology
to manage their health, remote monitoring in
particular. The survey also found:

 49% of seniors are interested in using it to

manage their health.
 32% of seniors are very familiar with
emergency response solutions.
 40% of consumers are aware of remote monitoring. But, 43% are
concerned about data privacy.
 75% of seniors said they would need assistance adopting technology
based health care solutions.
 Most seniors are concerned about the cost of health solutions using
technology.

Healthcare professionals also see the benefit of these solutions :

 68% of health professionals want to use technology to manage patient’s

health.
 49% believe the technology has made health more accessible for patients,
but they do have concerned about how patient data is handled.

This data suggests that the growth and adoption of technology based
healthcare solutions will continue to grow in the next decade and beyond.
2.3. Smart Home Assistants Help Home Health Care
It’s hard not to think about the futuristic harmony and
potential of smart home products such as Google
Home, and Alexa, and home health care products
working together to make the living even more
accessible for all. The harmony of both home
assistant and home health care solutions working.

together can enhance your health care experience at

home, assist care facilities, hospitals, medical
buildings and anywhere else. What areas can they
help with?

 Safety: Safety is a huge concern at home. Falling incidents, forgetting to

lock the door and many other safety issues can be addressed through
technology. Simple reminders, the ability for seniors to lock their dock
remotely, and many other solutions could be used using voice commands.

 Monitoring: Remote monitoring has a lot of potential. For many seniors

and people with health considerations, making a simple trip to the doctor
is a significant endeavor. Remote monitoring makes it possible for health
care professionals to assist patients remotely. This gives patients better and
easier access to care when they need it, and without as much effort.

 Emergency response: This is one of the most important topics for seniors
and those with medical issues are emergency response. Smart home
technology makes it easy for seniors to call for help if they fall. Sensors can
be used to alert caregivers if unusual movement patterns are detected.

 Communication: Communication is very important. Smart home

technology can make is much easier for seniors to speak with health care
providers, friends, family, and others. Video conferences can be used for
check-ins, you can use Google Assistant and Alexa to make calls and even
get answers to questions.
 Home control and automation: Technology can
help automate simple tasks around the home that
can be challenging for those with mobility issues.
Things like turning off the lights or television,
closing the blinds, adjusting the thermostat,
locking the door, checking the security camera, and
getting notifications are all possible.

 Reminders: Set up reminders to complete tasks

around the house. One of the biggest concerns for
caregivers is patents remembering to take their
medication as prescribed. New technology can
provide them with reminders of when and what type of medication to take.
Reminders can also be used to help seniors remember to charge their
wheel chair, follow up with doctors, and much more.

 Support for current health care products: Technology is already very

much a part of health care products. But, just think of how far home
monitoring and new technology innovation cans enhance current
products. Beds, stair lifts, patient lifts, scooters, wheelchair lifts, power
wheelchairs and other devices can all be improved. New features and uses
can be introduced in the future.

2.4. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Under the above expression, it is useful to
understand a system that provides resource saving
and safety, as well as convenience for each user. In
the simplest case, it has the ability to recognize
certain situations that occur in the home, as well as
respond appropriately to them. Thus, one system is
able to control the behavior of others according to
advanced algorithms. This is easier to understand if
one imagines that the heating system is not
working against the air conditioning system.
Heating of the house is carried out according to
the weather and taking into account many other factors. Among the latter,
one can distinguish the strength of the wind and the time of day. For example,
at night the most comfortable temperature is lower than during the day. This
concept can be called the most advanced in human interaction with living
space. Smart home projects eliminate the need to use many consoles,
switches and individual controllers.

2.5. TECHNOLOGY
Smart home projects can be created on the basis
of several or one protocol / platform. With their
help, the subsystems of the house are connected
together into a single network. For example, Land
Drive is a more affordable platform for bus-based
distributed control systems, including street and
interior lighting, electrical appliances, power
loads, air conditioning, access control, and
waterproofing. Among other things, it is possible
to manage video and audio equipment, roller
shutters, pumps, home theaters, blinds, blinds
and motors. This system is often used in the
configuration of a smart home, but recently it is increasingly seen as part of a
system of saving and accounting of energy resources, access control of fire
and security systems.

Teletask is a protocol / bus aimed at home automation of buildings and

premises, where the owner is for a long time. This includes hotels, cottages,
offices and apartments. control protocol is designedX10 to automate the
control of electrical appliances. The signal is fed by wire or radio. Among the
shortcomings can be identified low information transfer rate, the possibility
of a false alarm problem, as well as the lack of feedback. One wire is a
technology that allows devices and sensors to be connected to a single
network controlled by a personal computer. A single wire is used to transmit
information in this network. This technology differs in its simplicity of
installation and low cost.
2.6. AIR CONDITIONING AND HEATING SYSTEM
Projects of "smart" homes assume the presence of
air conditioning, heating and ventilation. With the
help of this technology, it is possible to provide a
constant temperature, the amount of fresh air and
a predetermined humidity level. Among other
things, the technology is able to save energy by
applying economical use of the temperature of the
internal environment. There may be mechanisms to
automatically close and open windows for warm
and cool air at certain times of the day. Control
through the air conditioning network

2.7. LIGHTING SYSTEM

Considering the tasks of the "smart home" project,
one can make one the highest degree of comfort of a
person's stay. Among other technologies, a lighting
system that controls the level of light can be
distinguished. This technology is also used to save
electricity. To achieve such an effect is possible due to
the use of natural light. Among the subsystems one
can single out the automation of switching on the light
at certain periods of the day, motion detection,
automatic closing and opening of shutters, as well as
adjusting the transparency of special glasses.

2.8. POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

The purpose of the 'smart home' project, in addition
to the above functions, is also in the uninterrupted
power supply of the electricity system. This is achieved
by turning to alternative sources. Among the
subsystems, it is possible that one of the industrial
UPS, automatic backup input, and diesel generators.
2.9. SECURITY SYSTEM
This includes building access control, video
surveillance, remote control tracking systems and
fire and burglar alarms. The system provides
protection from leaks, which limits the water supply
in the building's bay. Carrying out installation work
assumes the presence of special sensors and jacks
that are able to detect problem situations. The owner
can use the remote information system about the
situation in the house, on the site or in the
apartment. Control can be done using the phone.

2.10. GET HOME

A ready-made project of a "smart" house must
necessarily hold a host meeting using appropriate
technology. Thus, lighting should be used above the
gate or entrance door. Control can be carried out
with the help of motion sensors, as well as a remote
key fob. The last option allows you to turn on the
lighting even before entering the car.

2.11. COURTYARD
When a project is drafted on smart home
technology, a plan is created to illuminate the inner courtyard of the
courtyard. Control can be carried out simultaneously in three ways: by
sensors, by schedule or by switches. There is a need to add the ability to
control the alarm. The "smart" home has the ability to set lighting groups and
the time of their use. For example, before 23:00, if motion is detected, the
system can use the main lighting at full brightness. Then, after this time, the
intensity can be reduced by 50%. If the owner arrives after 24:00, the paths
can only light up in the yard.
2.12. ENTRANCE TO THE HOUSE
Forming the "Smart Home" project (7th grade of
complexity), you can take into account the presence
of a controller, which can be in one or several copies.
It is necessary to process the information coming
from the door phone screen. With a person you can
talk on any phone, since each device is connected to
a small mts. If there is no one at home, the guest's
photo will be immediately sent to the e-mail, after
which the host will be able to decide whether to let
the visitor inside or leave it without attention. The
alarm will be stopped by requesting a secret code
over the phone

2.13. ENTRANCE HALL

If you are considering a project on the "smart home", you can not fail to pay
attention to the lighting system in the hallway. The light in this part of the
house is turned on automatically at night. Technology saves the owner from
having to use different types of buttons. On sale you can find all kinds of
automation devices, and they will allow you to analyze from which room and
at what hour a person went into the hallway. Meanwhile, the light is turned
on at the required brightness level. Smooth switching on does not lead to
frequent burnout of the lamps, and extends the service life. These systems
are often installed in access areas or buildings that are rarely used. Functional
and creative project "Smart House" provides in the hallway the presence of a
useful device that is responsible for turning off the entire lighting of the
building by pressing just one button. Once it is running, you don't have to go
around the lands to test the light.
 2.14. LIVING ROOM
The creative project "Smart House" guarantees a comfortable stay in the main
building. This is the living room, in which there should be a lot of light. A home
theater is often installed. Here, up to 10 lighting groups are most often
installed. Next to the light switches, it is desirable to place control buttons
that are responsible for a specific light scene. For example, you can consider
a pre-recorded sequence of actions, which is called a macro. If the family
decided to watch a movie, then it will be necessary to sit on the sofa and press
just one button. The curtains in this case are closed, some groups of light are
muffled, and the rest are completely taken out of action. The first first minutes
the backlight works at 50%, then after this time it goes out completely. When
a creative project "Smart House" (grade 7) is assembled, the technology can
presuppose the presence of all of the above systems, programming is
provided via a remote control.

2.15. BEDROOM
This room should be one of the most comfortable.
However, automation is happening here too.
Sometimes the owner goes to bed in order to read a
book, but after a while he realizes that there is a need
to turn off the lights, as well as to scatter in other
rooms. Such raids before going to bed cannot be
called pleasant, but they still need to be done. With
the Smart Home system, you can forget about this,
because in the bedroom there is often a button that
turns off all the rest of the lighting in the house. To do
this, you can use a radio key, which is mounted on the
wall and has a thickness of 7 mm. Installation of this element can be carried
out on any surface, including the back of the bed. With this switch you can
control the blinds and lights from the room itself In the bedroom it is
recommended to install another automation system, which will be
responsible for the temperature. During sleep, experts recommend
maintaining its level in the range from 14 to 18 degrees. In the morning, you.
don't want to get out from under a blanket in a cool indoor climate. The
"smart home" system is able to solve this problem. After the lights are on, the
thermometer column gradually reaches the
necessary mark, and closer to awakening it rises to a comfortable one during
the day's wakefulness. In summer, air conditioning will be responsible for this,
while in winter there is an electromagnetic valve.

It corrects the flow of coolant in the heating system. When a creative project
"Smart House" (grade 7) is being designed, in which technology can include
all the systems described in this article, the bedroom is often provided with a
special touch panel responsible for lighting. It can also be used as an alarm
clock. On the panel, the lift time can be set, for example, at 8:30. at 8: At 15
o'clock in the morning, the main lighting in the bedroom can be turned on
with an intensity of 30% of the usual brightness level. At 8:30 am, the lighting
reaches 100% brightness, while the blinds can be opened automatically at the
same time.

2.16. THE BATHROOM

If you are considering a project on the topic: "smart home" (7th degree of
difficulty), then you need to take care of the technological bathroom. With
this system it will be convenient to manage heated floors. Often, consumers
themselves ask why this system should work if it has its own temperature
regulator. To answer this question it is possible to cite the fact that refers to
the high consumption of electricity by warm floors. Most of the time the
system is not used and if you turn it off at night the savings are significant. A
"smart" home without any assistance will independently turn off and turn on
the system. And it can be set to daily automatic adjustment. These include
decks can even be on the phone, sitting in the office, or on the way home
from the car. Particularly convenient if the gender management will be
performed together with the alarm clock. For example, the shutdown could
be done on the 23rd:
 3. Health management controlling & Monitoring
One of the most significant benefits of a smart house
for health care is the ability to monitor vital signs
remotely. Patients can wear wearable devices that
track their heart rate, blood pressure, and other vital
signs. This data is then sent to the smart house system,
which can analyze the data and alert caregivers or
medical professionals if there are any abnormalities.

In addition to monitoring vital signs, smart houses can

also track a patient's daily activities, such as how much
they exercise, what they eat, and how much they
sleep. This information allows caregivers to create
personalized care plans that cater to the patient's

3.1. Medication Management

One of the biggest challenges for patients with chronic
illnesses is managing their medications. Smart houses
can help by reminding patients when it's time to take
their medication, ensuring that they take the correct
dosage, and even ordering refills when necessary.

Smart houses can also monitor a patient's medication

usage and alert caregivers or medical professionals if
there are any issues, such as missed doses or adverse
reactions. This information can be used to adjust the
patient's care plan and improve their overall health
outcomes.
3.2. Fall Detection
Falls are a significant risk for elderly patients or those
with mobility issues. Smart houses can help reduce this
risk by using sensors to detect falls and alerting
caregivers or emergency services if necessary.

In addition to fall detection, smart houses can also use

sensors to monitor a patient's movement and activity
levels. This information can be used to identify changes
in mobility or behavior that may indicate a decline in
health or an increased risk of falling.

3.3. Accessibility
Smart houses for health care can be designed to be
wheelchair accessible, with features such as ramps,
wider doorways, and lower countertops. This allows
patients with mobility issues to move around their
homes more easily and safely.

Smart houses can also be equipped with voice-

activated devices and smart home technology that can
be controlled through a mobile app or other devices.
This feature allows patients with physical disabilities to
control their environment without needing to
physically interact with the devices
4. Model of smart hoses
In designing structure of smart house many idea are present especially for
health caring and Quantitated a virus or epidemic by using glass wall to
isolate between patients or flax wall
5. The first concept of designing smart House

Path Room Gust Room

Son Room
Daughter Room

Path Room

Entrance

Parents Room Living Room Kitchen

Plan Diagram of smart House

3D Diagram of smart House