Edge beam Intermediate beam

M+ve

T-section Rectangular
M-ve
section

M+ve

L-section Rectangular M-ve

section
Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry
 B
According to ECP, B is the least of: t

i) B1=b+16t
ii) B2=b+L2/5
b
where:

L2=L L2=0.8L L2=0.7L

L L L

iii) B3=c.l. to c.l. distance c.l. c.l.

B3

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

 B
According to ECP, B is the least of: t

i) B1=b+6t
ii) B2=b+L2/10
where: b

L2=L L2=0.8L L2=0.7L

L L L

iii) B3=c.l. to edge distance edge c.l.

B3

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

i) case of a ≤ t: 0.67fcu/γc B
Mu
C a t
(Similar to a rectangular section)
yct
d
From equilibrium:
T = C ( 1 ) As
T=As fy/γs b
fy 0.67 f cu
As = aB
s c
Also, from equilibrium:
As f y  s M u = C .yct ( 2 )
a=
0.67 ( f cu  c ) B
0.67 f cu a
Mu = a B(d - )
note: (a ≥ 0.1d) c 2
for calculating (yct).

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

 ii) case of a > t: 0.67fcu/γc B
Mu
Cf t
From equilibrium: a
Cw
T = Cw + C f ( 1 )
d
fy 0.67 f cu
As = ab As
s c T=As fy/γs b
0.67 f cu
+ t( B - b )
c Also, from equilibrium:
a =  a t
M u = Cw ( d - ) + C f ( d - )( 2 )
2 2
note: (a ≥ 0.1d) M u = 
for calculating (yct).

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

Calculate the ultimate moment

t=100
capacity for the shown RC 0.67fcu/γc B=800
Mu
T-section. C a
fcu=25N/mm2, st. 360/520

d=630
assume εs≥ εy /γs yct
and a ≤ t: 8φ25
T=As fy/γs As=3928 b=250
From equilibrium:
T =C T = Cw + C f
fy 0.67 f cu fy 0.67 f cu 0.67 f cu
As = aB As = ab+ t( B - b )
s c s c c
360 0.67( 25 ) 360 0.67( 25 )
( 3928 ) = a ( 800 ) ( 3928 ) = a ( 250 )
1.15 1.5 1.15 1.5
0.67( 25 )
a = 137.6 mm > t not O.K. + ( 100 )( 800 - 250 )
1.5

a = 220 mm
Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry
 Check assumption:
a 220
c= = = 275 mm
0.8 0.8
600
cb = d
600 + f y  s
600
= ( 630 ) = 414 mm
600 + 360 1.15
∴c < cb O.K.
Also, from equilibrium :
a t
M u = Cw ( d - ) + C f ( d - )
2 2
0.67 f cu a 0.67 f cu t
= a b( d - ) + t( B - b )( d - )
c 2 c 2
0.67( 25 ) 220 0.67( 25 ) 100
= ( 220 ) ( 250 )( 630 - )+ ( 100 )( 800 - 250 )( 630 - )
1.5 2 1.5 2
M u = 676 ×106 N.mm
= 676 kN.m
Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry
 0.67fcu/γc B
Mu is the least of: Mu
C t
0.67 f cu t
1) Mu = t B( d - ) d
c 2 yct
fy t As
2 ) M u = As (d - )
s 2 T=As fy/γs b

Homework:
Explain why one of these two expressions
underestimates the ultimate moment capacity
while the other expression overestimates it.
(consider both cases of a<t and a>t)

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

Section height (h) is usually determined according to:
1) Architectural requirements.
2) Deflection requirements.
3) Negative moment requirements.

A generally good value is (h ≈ span/10)

Then:
1) Check adequacy of d.
2) Calculate As.

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

i) case of a ≤ t:
0.67fcu/γc B
C Mu
(Similar to a rectangular section) a t

Mu yct d
R= ≤Rmax
f cu
Bd 2
c T=As fy/γs b
As

 = 1 - 1 - 3R ≥0.1
Mu
As =
fy 
d (1- )
s 2

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

ii) case of a > t:
0.67fcu/γc B
From equilibrium: Mu
Cf
a t a t
M u = Cw ( d - ) + C f ( d - ) Cw
2 2 d
0.67 f cu a
= ab( d - )
c 2 As
T=As fy/γs b
0.67 f cu t
+ t( B - b)( d - )
c 2
a = 
T = Cw + C f
check: a ≤ amax
fy 0.67 f cu 0.67 f cu
If O.K., concrete section As = ab+ t( B - b )
is adequate. s c c

If not O.K., increase concrete As = 

section.

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

 Design a RC T-section to resist a t
M u = Cw ( d - ) + C f ( d - )
(Mu=600kN.m) given that: 2 2
span=6.0m, b=300mm 0.67 f cu a 0.67 f cu t
= ab( d - ) + t( B - b)( d - )
B=1000mm, t=100mm c 2 c 2
fcu=25N/mm2, st. 360/520 6 0.67( 25 ) a
600 × 10 = a( 300 )( 540 - )
1.5 2
try h=6000/10=600mm 0.67( 25 ) 100
+ ( 100 )( 1000 - 300 )( 540 - )
assume a ≤ t: 1.5 2
Mu 600 × 106
R= = = 0.123 a = 137.4 mm > (0.1d=54 mm)
f cu 25
Bd 2 ( 1000 )( 540 )2
c 1.5 cmax
check : (from table) = 0.44
from table: Rmax=0.194 d
R < Rmax O.K. amax = ( 0.8 )( 0.44 × 540 ) = 190 mm

a < amax O.K.

 = 1 - 1 - 3R = 1 - 1 - 3( 0.123 ) = 0.207
check : a = 0.207( 540 ) = 111.5 mm > t
not O.K.
Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry
T = Cw + C f
fy 0.67 f cu 0.67 f cu
As = ab+ t( B - b )
s c c
360 0.67( 25 ) 0.67( 25 )
As = ( 137.4 )( 300 ) + ( 100 )( 1000 - 300 )
1.15 1.5 1.5

As = 3967 mm2

choose 8φ25 (3925 mm2)

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry

 B
t
a) Beam connected to a floor slab:
The floor slab provides lateral support
to the beam, therefore, an L-section b
may be analyzed and designed similar
to a T-section.

b) Isolated beam:
The beam is free to move laterally,
therefore, the neutral axis is inclined
to allow for the equilibrium of
moments about a vertical axis.

Reinforced Concrete Design-1, Dr Hazem Elbakry