Msbte Blackbook
Msbte Blackbook
POLYTECHNIC
Ganesh Nagar, Bhandup (W), Mumbai-400078
Project Report
On
CALCMASTER
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF:
SUBMITTED BY:
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled
“CALCMASTER”
Has been carried out successfully in our premises by
Affiliated to
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education
During the academic year 2023-2024 is record of student. To best of our
knowledge and belief, this work has not been submitted elsewhere for the award
of any other degree.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It gives us immense pleasure for presenting this report for the project “CALCMASTER”.
We profoundly thank our principal Dr Ajay S. Bhoir for giving us support throughout the
course and thus made us capable of being worthy of recognition and extended every facility to
us for making and completing this project smoothly.
We would like to express our sincere thanks to Mrs. Nilofar T Mulla Head of Computer
Department for his constant encouragement, which made this project a success. We owe our
deep gratitude to Mrs. Nilofar Mulla, Our Project Guide for rendering her valuableguidance
with a touch of inspiration and motivation. She has guided us quite a lot in negotiatingthrough
the hurdles by giving plenty of early ideas and which resulted in the present fine work.
We would like to thanks the all the faculties, lecturers and non-teaching staff of Navjeevan
Education Society’s Polytechnic college, Bhandup for providing us sufficient information
which helped us to complete our project successfully. Their guidance has always inculcated
confidence in us.
We also thank our family members for their continued support in completing this project work.
And last but not the least, we wish to thank all my friends and well-wishers who are directly
or indirectly linked with success of our project. And to the almighty God, who made all things
possible.
PIYUSH PATIL,
KARAN DUDHWALE,
MALLIKARJUN KAMBLE,
AFAN PATEL.
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ABSTRACT
• In the era of digital transformation, efficiency and versatility are paramount, especially for
professionals and students alike. Calcmaster emerges as a comprehensive solution, integrating a
plethora of mathematical functions into a sleek, user-friendly interface tailored specifically for
BlackBook devices.
• The intuitive design of Calcmaster ensures seamless navigation and accessibility, enabling users
to swiftly execute calculations without unnecessary hurdles. Whether it's solving equations, graph
plotting, or unit conversions, Calcmaster streamlines the process, empowering users to focus on
problem-solving rather than grappling with technicalities.
• Moreover, Calcmaster isn't just confined to mathematics; it extends its utility to various
disciplines. Engineering, finance, physics, and more find Calcmaster to be an indispensable tool
for tackling intricate computations effortlessly.
• With features like customizable themes, cloud synchronization, and offline functionality,
Calcmaster adapts to the user's preferences and requirements, ensuring a personalized and
efficient experience.
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INDEX
2 LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 EXISTING SYSTEM 7
2.2 PROBLEM SOLVING 9
3 SCOPE OF PROJECT
3.1 AIM 11
3.2 FEATURES OF SYSTEM 11
4 METHODOLOGY
4.1 PROPOSED SYSTEM 12
4.2 SOFTWARE PROBLEM 14
4.3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
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6.1 RESULTS 27
6.2 APPLICATIONS 31
7
LIST OF FIGURES
5.1 . Project life cycle
5.2. ER-Diagram
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CHAPTER NO. 01
Project overview
1.1 INTRODUCTION
• Calcmaster is not just any calculator; it's your all-in-one solution for tackling mathematical
challenges with ease and precision. Whether you're a student, a professional, or an enthusiast,
Calcmaster is designed to meet all your mathematical needs in one sleek and intuitive interface.
• Comprehensive Functionality: Calcmaster offers a versatile range of functionalities, covering
everything from basic arithmetic to advanced scientific calculations, unit conversions, and
specialized formulas. Whatever your mathematical task, Calcmaster simplifies the process,
ensuring accuracy and efficiency every step of the way.
• User-Friendly Interface: Our app boasts a sleek and user-friendly interface, making it accessible
to users of all levels of expertise. Whether you're a seasoned mathematician or just starting out,
Calcmaster's intuitive design ensures a seamless user experience, allowing you to focus on your
calculations without any unnecessary distractions.
• Powerful Features: Calcmaster is packed with powerful features to enhance your mathematical
workflow. From customizable settings to convenient memory functions, built-in constants, and
support for both standard and scientific notation, Calcmaster provides the tools you need to tackle
even the most complex calculations with confidence.
• Versatility and Precision: With Calcmaster, precision is paramount. Our app utilizes advanced
algorithms to deliver accurate results every time, ensuring that you can trust the output of your
calculations with full confidence. Whether you're crunching numbers for school, work, or
personal projects, Calcmaster is your trusted companion for achieving precise results.
• Convenience on the Go: Calcmaster goes wherever you go, thanks to its mobile-friendly design.
Whether you're on your smartphone, tablet, or computer, Calcmaster is always at your fingertips,
ready to assist you whenever and wherever you need it.
• Join the Calcmaster Community: Join the thousands of satisfied users who rely on Calcmaster
for all their mathematical needs. Whether you're studying for an exam, working on a project, or
simply exploring the fascinating world of mathematics, Calcmaster is here to support you every
step of the way.
• Experience the Difference: Experience convenience and precision in one powerful package with
Calcmaster. Download the app today and discover why Calcmaster is the ultimate calculator for
students, professionals, and anyone who appreciates the beauty of mathematics. Welcome to a
new era of mathematical excellence with Calcmaster!
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1.2 Scope:
• The need for Calcmaster arises from the increasing reliance on digital tools for mathematical
computations. As technology continues to evolve, individuals from various backgrounds, including
students, professionals, and enthusiasts, require a reliable and efficient solution for their
mathematical needs. Traditional calculators may lack the versatility and convenience offered by
digital applications like Calcmaster.
• Key factors driving the need for Calcmaster include:
• Versatility: Calcmaster offers a wide range of functionalities, accommodating basic arithmetic,
scientific calculations, unit conversions, and specialized formulas. This versatility caters to diverse
mathematical requirements across different fields and levels of expertise.
• Convenience: With its user-friendly interface and intuitive features, Calcmaster streamlines the
process of mathematical computations. Users can access various tools and functions within a single
application, eliminating the need for multiple calculators or manual calculations.
• Precision: Calcmaster ensures accuracy and precision in calculations, minimizing errors
commonly associated with manual computations. Its advanced algorithms and mathematical
libraries enable users to perform complex calculations with confidence.
• Accessibility: As a digital application, Calcmaster is easily accessible across different devices,
including smartphones, tablets, and computers. This accessibility ensures that users can perform
mathematical tasks anytime, anywhere, without the limitations of traditional calculators.
• Efficiency: By automating mathematical computations, Calcmaster enhances efficiency and
productivity for users across various domains. Whether in academic settings, professional
environments, or everyday life, users can save time and effort by utilizing the app's
comprehensive features
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1.5 Technical Problems:
• Calculation Errors: Sometimes, calculator apps may produce incorrect results due to
bugs in the calculation logic or rounding errors.
• User Interface Bugs: Issues with the user interface can make the app difficult to use
or cause it to behave unexpectedly.
• Compatibility Problems: The app may not work correctly on certain devices or
operating system versions, leading to crashes or other issues.
• Performance Issues: Slow performance or excessive battery usage can detract from
the user experience.
• Security Concerns: Users may be concerned about the security of their data,
especially if the app requires permissions to access sensitive information on the
device.
• Lack of Updates: If the app is not regularly updated, it may become incompatible
with newer devices or operating system versions, or it may not receive bug fixes or
feature improvements.
• If you're experiencing specific technical problems with the Calcmaster apk, it's a
good idea to check for updates from the developer and to look for user reviews or
forums where others might have encountered similar issues. Additionally, contacting
the developer directly for support can sometimes help resolve technical problems..
1. Data Integrity: Database problems may occur if there are issues with maintaining data integrity. This
could include inconsistencies or inaccuracies in the data stored within the database.
2. Performance: If the database isn't properly optimized or if it's handling a large volume of data
inefficiently, it can lead to performance issues such as slow response times or crashes.
3. Security: Vulnerabilities in the database or in the way it's accessed can lead to security breaches,
potentially exposing sensitive user data.
4. Scalability: As the user base grows or the application becomes more complex, the database may
struggle to scale to meet increased demand, leading to performance degradation.
5. Backup and Recovery: If proper backup and recovery procedures aren't in place, data loss can occur
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due to hardware failures, software bugs, or other issues.
6. Concurrency Control: In multi-user environments, problems can arise if multiple users attempt to
access or modify the same data simultaneously, leading to conflicts or inconsistencies.
7. Data Migration: When upgrading the application or migrating to a new database system, compatibility
issues or data loss can occur if the migration process isn't handled correctly.
8. Query Optimization: Inefficient database queries can lead to performance issues, especially with
complex calculations or large datasets.
9. Data Redundancy: Redundant or duplicated data within the database can waste storage space and
increase the risk of inconsistencies.
10. Indexing: Inadequate indexing can lead to slow query performance, especially for searches or
calculations involving large datasets.
These are just some general problems that could potentially affect a database-related application like
Calcmaster. Without specific information about the application's architecture and implementation, it's
difficult to pinpoint the exact issues it might face.
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CHAPTER NO. 02
Literature survey
2.1 Existing System :
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2.2Problem Solving :
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CHAPTER NO. 03
Scope:
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3.1 Aim:
• The aim of Calcmaster, as with any calculator application, is to provide users with a versatile
and efficient tool for performing a wide range of mathematical calculations. Here are some
specific aims and objectives typically associated with Calcmaster:
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3.2 Features od system:
Basic Arithmetic Operations: Calcmaster includes support for fundamental arithmetic operations
such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
•Scientific Functions: It offers a variety of scientific functions commonly used in mathematics, physics,
engineering, and other fields. This may include trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, tangent),
logarithms, exponentials, square roots, and more.
•Unit Conversions: Calcmaster facilitates easy conversion between different units of measurement, such
as length, area, volume, mass, temperature, time, and more.
•Graphing: It provides graphing capabilities, allowing users to visualize mathematical functions and
equations in 2D or 3D. This feature enables users to analyze and interpret data graphically.
•Memory Functions: Calcmaster includes memory storage and recall functions, allowing users to store
intermediate results or constants for later use in calculations.
•Custom Functions: Users can define custom functions or formulas within Calcmaster, enabling them to
perform calculations specific to their needs or preferences.
•Expression History: Calcmaster keeps track of the calculation history, allowing users to review and
recall previous calculations for reference or correction.
•Multiple Themes: It offers the option to customize the appearance of the calculator interface with
multiple themes or color schemes to suit individual preferences.
•Accessibility Features: Calcmaster includes accessibility features such as large buttons, voice
input/output, and support for screen readers, ensuring usability for users with disabilities.
•Offline Functionality: Users can use Calcmaster offline without an internet connection, making it
convenient for use in various settings, including areas with limited connectivity.
•Multi-Platform Support: Calcmaster is available across multiple platforms, including mobile devices
(iOS and Android), desktop computers (Windows, macOS, Linux), and web browsers, ensuring
accessibility across different devices and operating systems.
•Integration with Cloud Services: It may offer integration with cloud storage services, allowing users to
sync calculation history, preferences, and custom functions across multiple devices.
•Continuous Updates: Calcmaster receives regular updates to add new features, improve performance,
fix bugs, and enhance user experience based on feedback from users and advancements in technology.
•Educational Resources: Calcmaster provides educational resources such as tutorials, guides, and
examples to help users learn and make the most of the app's features.
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CHAPTER 04
METHODOLOGY
Proposed system:
The development of the new system contains the following activities, which try to automate the entire
process keeping in view of the database integration approach.
• User Interface: The user interface of Calcmaster is designed to be sleek, intuitive, and user-
friendly. It features a clean layout with easy access to various functionalities.
• Basic Arithmetic: Calcmaster supports basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division. Users can perform calculations with ease using the intuitive
interface.
• Scientific Functions: For advanced mathematical calculations, Calcmaster provides a wide range
of scientific functions. This includes trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, tangent), logarithmic
functions, exponential functions, and more.
• Graphing: Users can graph mathematical functions and equations using Calcmaster. The
graphing feature allows for visualizing mathematical relationships and analyzing functions.
• Unit Conversions: Calcmaster offers comprehensive unit conversion capabilities. Users can
convert between different units of measurement for length, area, volume, mass, time,
temperature, and more.
• Specialized Formulas: Calcmaster includes a library of specialized formulas for various fields
such as physics, chemistry, engineering, and finance. Users can access these formulas directly
from the app and perform calculations using them.
• Customization Options: Users can customize the settings and preferences of Calcmaster
according to their preferences. This includes adjusting the display format, choosing default units
for conversions, and more.
• History and Memory: Calcmaster keeps track of calculation history and provides memory
functions for storing and recalling values. This allows users to review past calculations and reuse
stored values in subsequent calculations.
• Multi-platform Support: Calcmaster is available on multiple platforms, including smartphones,
tablets, and desktop computers. Users can access the app from any device and synchronize their
data across multiple devices.
• Offline Functionality: Calcmaster can be used offline, ensuring uninterrupted access to its
functionalities even without an internet connection.
• Security: Calcmaster prioritizes user privacy and data security. All user data is encrypted and
securely stored to protect sensitive information.
• Updates and Support: Calcmaster regularly receives updates with new features, improvements,
and bug fixes. Users can also access customer support for any assistance or inquiries related to
the app.
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System requirements:
Hardware Requirements:
❖ Software Requirements:
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CHAPTER 05
Description:
The waterfall Model is a linear sequential flow. In which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards
(like a waterfall) through the phases of software implementation. This means that any phase in the
development process begins only if the previous phase is complete. The waterfall approach does not define
the process to go back to the previous phase to handle changes in requirement. The waterfall approach is
the earliest approach that was used for software development.
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5.2 ER Diagram:
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5.3 Use Case Diagram-:
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5.4 Sequence Diagram:
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5.5 Activity Diagram:
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5.6 Class Diagram:
Calcmaster
+calculate(expression: String): double
+plotGraph(function: String): Graph
+convertUnits(value: double, from: Unit, to: Unit):
double
+performMatrixOperation(matrix: Matrix, operation:
Operation): Matrix
+performComplexOperation(num1: Complex, num2:
Complex, operation: Operation): Complex
+performFinancialCalculation(type: FinancialType,
params: Map<String: Object>): double
+performStatisticalFunction(type: StatisticType, data:
List>Double>): double
+performProgrammingCalculation(value: String,
fromBase: Base, toBase: Base): String
+customizeSettings(settings: Settings): void
+saveResulttoMemory(result: Result): void
+recallResultFromMemory(): List<Result>
+enableOfflineMode(): void
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5.7 Data Flow Diagram:
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5.9 System Architecture:
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5.10 Project Implementation
The Project is designed and developed in Android Studio. We used Android Studio for coding
of the project.
• XML
• What is XML?
Extensible Markup Language (XML) lets you define and store data in a
shareable manner. XML supports information exchange between computer systems
such as websites, databases, and third-party applications. Predefined rules make it easy
to transmit data as XML files over any network because the recipient can use those
rules to read the data accurately and efficiently.
• Why is XML important?
Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that provides rules
to define any data. Unlike other programming languages, XML cannot perform
computing operations by itself. Instead, any programming language or software can be
implemented for structured data management.
For example, consider a text document with comments on it. The comments
might give suggestions like these:
Make the title bold
This sentence is a header
This word is the author
Such comments improve the document’s usability without affecting its content.
Similarly, XML uses markup symbols to provide more information about any data.
Other software, like browsers and data processing applications, use this information to
process structured data more efficiently.
• XML tags
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• What are the benefits of using XML?
Support interbusiness transactions. When a company sells a good or service to another
company, the two businesses need to exchange information like cost, specifications,
and delivery schedules. With Extensible Markup Language (XML), they can share all
the necessary information electronically and close complex deals automatically,
without any human intervention. Maintain data integrity
XML lets you transfer data along with the data’s description, preventing the loss of data
integrity. You can use this descriptive information to do the following:
▪ Verify data accuracy
▪ Automatically customize data presentation for different users
▪ Store data consistently across multiple platforms
▪ Improve search efficiency
Computer programs like search engines can sort and categorize XML files more
efficiently and precisely than other types of documents. For example, the word mark
can be either a noun or a verb. Based on XML tags, search engines can accurately
categorize mark for relevant search results. Thus, XML helps computers to interpret
natural language more efficiently.
• Design flexible applications
With XML, you can conveniently upgrade or modify your application design. Many
technologies, especially newer ones, come with built-in XML support. They can
automatically read and process XML data files so that you can make changes without
having to reformat your entire database.
• What are the applications of XML?
Extensible Markup Language (XML) is the underlying technology in thousands of
applications, ranging from common productivity tools like word processing to book
publishing software and even complex application configuration systems.
▪ Data transfer
You can use XML to transfer data between two systems that store the same data in
different formats. For example, your website stores dates in MM/DD/YYYY format,
but your accounting system stores dates in DD/MM/YYYY format. You can transfer
the data from the website to the accounting system by using XML. Your developers can
write code that automatically converts the following:
▪ Website data to XML format
▪ XML data to accounting system data
▪ Accounting system data back to XML format
▪ XML data back to website data
▪ Web applications
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XML gives structure to the data that you see on webpages. Other website
technologies, like HTML, work with XML to present consistent and relevant data to
website visitors. For example, consider an e-commerce website that sells clothes.
Instead of showing all clothes to all visitors, the website uses XML to create customized
webpages based on user preferences. It shows products from specific brands by filtering
the <brand> tag.
▪ Documentation
You can use XML to specify the structural information of any technical document.
Other programs then process the document structure to present it flexibly. For example,
there are XML tags for a paragraph, an item in a numbered list, and a heading. Using
these tags, other types of software automatically prepare the document for uses such as
printing and webpage publication.
▪ Data type
Many programming languages support XML as a data type. With this support,
you can easily write programs in other languages that work directly with XML files.
• What are the components of an XML file?
An Extensible Markup Language (XML) file is a text-based document that you
can save with the .xml extension. You can write XML similar to other text files. To
create or edit an XML file, you can use any of the following:
▪ Text editors like Notepad or Notepad++
▪ Online XML editors
▪ Web browsers
Any XML file includes the following components.
• XML document
The <xml></xml> tags are used to mark the beginning and end of an XML file.
The content within these tags is also called an XML document. It is the first tag that
any software will look for to process XML code.
• XML declaration
An XML document begins with some information about XML itself. For
example, it might mention the XML version that it follows. This opening is called an
XML declaration. Here's an example.
⦁ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
• XML elements
All the other tags you create within an XML document are called XML
elements. XML elements can contain these features:
▪ Text
▪ Attributes
▪ Other elements
All XML documents begin with a primary tag, which is called the root element.
For example, consider the XML file below.
<InvitationList>
<family>
<aunt>
<name>Christine</name>
<name>Stephanie</name>
</aunt>
</family>
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</InvitationList>
<InvitationList> is the root element; family and aunt are other element names.
• XML attributes
XML elements can have other descriptors called attributes. You can define your
own attribute names and write the attribute values within quotation marks as shown
below.
<person age=“22”>
• XML content
The data in XML files is also called XML content. For example, in the XML
file, you might see data like this.
<friend>
<name>Charlie</name>
<name>Steve</name>
</friend>
The data values Charlie and Steve are the content.
• What is an XML schema?
An Extensible Markup Language (XML) schema is a document that describes
some rules or limits on the structure of an XML file. You can describe these constraints
in several different ways, like these:
▪ Grammatical rules to determine the order of elements
▪ Yes or No conditions that the content must satisfy
▪ Data types for the content in XML files
▪ Constraints for data integrity
For example, an XML schema for bookstores might impose constraints like
these:
▪ A book element will have the attributes title and author.
▪ The book element will be nested under a category element with an attribute
name.
▪ The price of a book will be a separate element nested under book.
To meet these constraints, we will write the XML file as shown below.
<category name=“Technology”>
<book title=“Learning Amazon Web Services”, author=“Mark Wilkins”>
<price>$20</price>
</book>
</category>
XML schemas enforce consistency in how different software applications create
and use XML files. Some industries implement XML schemas that are specific to their
operations to reduce complexity in writing XML code for interbusiness data transfer.
For example, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML specification for describing
computer graphics-related data. Software developers write XML files so that they meet
such industry specifications.
• Java
Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is
designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is a general-
purpose programming language intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere
(WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java
without the need to recompile. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode that
can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer
architecture. The syntax of Java is similar to C and C++, but has fewer low-level
facilities than either of them. The Java runtime provides dynamic capabilities (such as
reflection and runtime code modification) that are typically not available in traditional
compiled languages.
Java gained popularity shortly after its release, and has been a very popular
programming language since then. Java was the third most popular programming
language in 2022 according to GitHub. Although still widely popular, there has been a
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gradual decline in use of Java in recent years with other languages using JVM gaining
popularity.[
Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems. It was
released in May 1995 as a core component of Sun's Java platform. The original and
reference implementation Java compilers, virtual machines, and class libraries were
originally released by Sun under proprietary licenses. As of May 2007, in compliance
with the specifications of the Java Community Process, Sun had relicensed most of its
Java technologies under the GPL-2.0-only license. Oracle offers its own HotSpot Java
Virtual Machine, however the official reference implementation is the OpenJDK JVM
which is free open-source software and used by most developers and is the default JVM
for almost all Linux distributions.
As of September 2023, Java 21 is the latest version, which is also a long-term
support (LTS) version. Java 8, 11, and 17 are previous LTS versions still officially
supported.
James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the Java
language project in June 1991. Java was originally designed for interactive television,
but it was too advanced for the digital cable television industry at the time. The language
was initially called Oak after an oak tree that stood outside Gosling's office. Later the
project went by the name Green and was finally renamed Java, from Java coffee, a type
of coffee from Indonesia. Gosling designed Java with a C/C++-style syntax that system
and application programmers would find familiar.
Sun Microsystems released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1996.
It promised write once, run anywhere (WORA) functionality, providing no-cost run-
times on popular platforms. Fairly secure and featuring configurable security, it allowed
network- and file-access restrictions. Major web browsers soon incorporated the ability
to run Java applets within web pages, and Java quickly became popular. The Java 1.0
compiler was re-written in Java by Arthur van Hoff to comply strictly with the Java 1.0
language specification. With the advent of Java 2 (released initially as J2SE 1.2 in
December 1998 – 1999), new versions had multiple configurations built for different
types of platforms. J2EE included technologies and APIs for enterprise applications
typically run in server environments, while J2ME featured APIs optimized for mobile
applications. The desktop version was renamed J2SE. In 2006, for marketing purposes,
Sun renamed new J2 versions as Java EE, Java ME, and Java SE, respectively.
In 1997, Sun Microsystems approached the ISO/IEC JTC 1 standards body and
later the Ecma International to formalize Java, but it soon withdrew from the process.
Java remains a de facto standard, controlled through the Java Community Process. At
one time, Sun made most of its Java implementations available without charge, despite
their proprietary software status. Sun generated revenue from Java through the selling
of licenses for specialized products such as the Java Enterprise System.
On November 13, 2006, Sun released much of its Java virtual machine (JVM)
as free and open-source software (FOSS), under the terms of the GPL-2.0-only license.
On May 8, 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of its JVM's core code available
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under free software/open-source distribution terms, aside from a small portion of code
to which Sun did not hold the copyright.
Sun's vice-president Rich Green said that Sun's ideal role with regard to Java
was as an evangelist. Following Oracle Corporation's acquisition of Sun Microsystems
in 2009–10, Oracle has described itself as the steward of Java technology with a
relentless commitment to fostering a community of participation and transparency. This
did not prevent Oracle from filing a lawsuit against Google shortly after that for using
Java inside the Android SDK (see the Android section).
On April 2, 2010, James Gosling resigned from Oracle.
In January 2016, Oracle announced that Java run-time environments based on
JDK 9 will discontinue the browser plugin.
Java software runs on everything from laptops to data centers, game consoles to
scientific supercomputers.
Oracle (and others) highly recommend uninstalling outdated and unsupported
versions of Java, due to unresolved security issues in older versions.
Principles
There were five primary goals in the creation of the Java language:
▪ It must be simple,
▪ object-oriented, and familiar.
▪ It must be robust and secure.
▪ It must be architecture-neutral and portable.
▪ It must execute with high performance.
▪ It must be interpreted, threaded, and dynamic.
Execution system
Java JVM and bytecode
One design goal of Java is portability, which means that programs written for
the Java platform must run similarly on any combination of hardware and operating
system with adequate run time support. This is achieved by compiling the Java language
code to an intermediate representation called Java bytecode, instead of directly to
architecture-specific machine code. Java bytecode instructions are analogous to
machine code, but they are intended to be executed by a virtual machine (VM) written
specifically for the host hardware. End-users commonly use a Java Runtime
Environment (JRE) installed on their device for standalone Java applications or a web
browser for Java applets.
Standard libraries provide a generic way to access host-specific features such as
graphics, threading, and networking.
The use of universal bytecode makes porting simple. However, the overhead of
interpreting bytecode into machine instructions made interpreted programs almost
always run more slowly than native executables. Just-in-time (JIT) compilers that
compile byte-codes to machine code during runtime were introduced from an early
stage. Java's Hotspot compiler is actually two compilers in one; and with GraalVM
(included in e.g. Java 11, but removed as of Java 16) allowing tiered compilation. Java
itself is platform-independent and is adapted to the particular platform it is to run on by
a Java virtual machine (JVM), which translates the Java bytecode into the platform's
machine language.
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Feasibility Report:
Feasibility Study is a high level capsule version of the entire process intended to answer a
number of questions like: What is the problem? Is there any feasible solution to the given
problem? Is the problem even worth solving? Feasibility study is conducted once the problem
clearly understood. Feasibility study is necessary to determine that the proposed system is
Feasible by considering the technical, Operational, and Economical factors. By having a
detailed feasibility study the management will have a clear-cut view of the proposed system.
The following feasibilities are considered for the project in order to ensure that the project is
variable and it does not have any major obstructions. Feasibility study encompasses the
following things:
➢ Technical Feasibility
➢ Economic Feasibility
➢ Operational Feasibility
In this phase, we study the feasibility of all proposed systems, and pick the best feasible solution
for the problem. The feasibility is studied based on three main factors as follows.
❖ Technical Feasibility:
In this step, we verify whether the proposed systems are technically feasible or
not. i.e., all the technologies required to develop the system are available readily
or not.
Technical Feasibility determines whether the organization has the technology
and skills necessary to carry out the project and how this should be obtained. The
system can be feasible because of the following grounds:
➢ All necessary technology exists to develop the system.
➢ This system is too flexible and it can be expanded further.
➢ This system can give guarantees of accuracy, ease of use, reliability and the data
security.
➢ This system can give instant response to inquire. Our project is technically
feasible because, all the technology needed for our project is readily available.
❖ Economic Feasibility:
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Economically, this project is completely feasible because it requires no extra financial
investment and with respect to time, it’s completely possible to complete this project in
6 months.
In this step, we verify which proposal is more economical. We compare the financial
benefits of the new system with the investment. The new system is economically
feasible only when the financial benefits are more than the investments and expenditure.
Economic Feasibility determines whether the project goal can be within the resource
limits allocated to it or not. It must determine whether it is worthwhile to process with
the entire project or whether the benefits obtained from the new system are not worth
the costs. Financial benefits must be equal or exceed the costs. In this issue, we should
consider:
Our project is economically feasible because the cost of development is very minimal
when compared to financial benefits of the application.
❖ Operational Feasibility:
In this step, we verify different operational factors of the proposed systems like man-
power, time etc., whichever solution uses less operational resources, is the best
operationally feasible solution. The solution should also be operationally possible to
implement. Operational Feasibility determines if the proposed system satisfied user
objectives could be fitted into the current system operation.
➢ The methods of processing and presentation are completely accepted by the
clients since they can meet all user requirements.
➢ The clients have been involved in the planning and development of the system.
➢ The proposed system will not cause any problem under any circumstances.
Our project is operationally feasible because the time requirements and personnel
requirements are satisfied. We are a team of four members and we worked on
this project for three working months.
39
Chapter 06
Results and applications
6.1 SCREENSHOTS:
40
Visual representation of getting outputs:
41
Application_:
• Launch the App: After installation, locate the Calcmaster app icon on your device's
home screen or app drawer and tap on it to launch the application.
• Explore the Interface: Upon opening Calcmaster, you'll see the calculator interface.
Take a moment to familiarize yourself with the layout and various buttons.
• Perform Calculations: Use the on-screen buttons to perform calculations. Tap the
numeric keys for numbers and the operation keys (+, -, *, /) for arithmetic operations.
You can also use the scientific functions, unit conversions, graphing capabilities, and
other features depending on the app's functionalities.
• View Results: After entering your calculation, the result will be displayed on the
calculator screen. Larger or more complex calculations may require scrolling to view
the complete result.
• Explore Additional Features: Explore the menu or settings options within Calcmaster
to access additional features such as memory functions, history of calculations,
customization options, and more.
• Customize Settings (Optional): Depending on the app's features, you may have the
option to customize settings such as the calculator theme, button layout, decimal
places, and other preferences.
• Use Advanced Functions (Optional): If Calcmaster offers advanced functions like unit
conversions, graphing, or custom functions, explore these features to see how they can
enhance your calculations.
• Save or Share Results (Optional): Some calculator apps allow you to save or share
calculation results. If you need to save a result for later reference or share it with
others, look for options to do so within the app.
• Exit the App: When you're finished using Calcmaster, you can exit the app by
pressing the back button on your device or using any other method provided by your
device's operating system to close the app.
42
Usage:
• Mathematics: Calcmaster could be used as a standard calculator for basic arithmetic operations,
as well as more advanced mathematical functions like trigonometry, logarithms, and
exponentiation.
• Scientific Calculations: It could handle scientific calculations, including functions commonly
used in physics, chemistry, and engineering, such as calculating integrals, derivatives, and
solving equations.
• Unit Conversions: Users might utilize Calcmaster to convert between different units of
measurement, such as length, weight, volume, temperature, and more. This could be especially
handy for professionals in fields like engineering, construction, or science.
• Financial Calculations: Calcmaster could also serve as a financial calculator, helping with tasks
like calculating compound interest, loan payments, investment returns, and other financial
metrics.
• Programming: For programmers, Calcmaster might offer features like bitwise operations,
conversions between different numbering systems (binary, octal, hexadecimal), and other
functions useful in coding and computer science.
• Graphing: Advanced versions of Calcmaster could even include graphing capabilities, allowing
users to plot functions and visualize mathematical relationships.
• Data Analysis: With additional features, Calcmaster could perform statistical calculations, such
as mean, median, standard deviation, regression analysis, and more, making it valuable for data
analysts and researchers.
• Education: Calcmaster could be a valuable tool for students at various levels of education, from
high school to university, helping them with homework, assignments, and exams across a wide
range of subjects.
43
CHAPTER 07
Conclusion and future scope
Conclusion:
The development of the GoFit application represents a significant advancement in the realm
of fitness technology, providing users with a comprehensive, personalized, and engaging
platform to achieve their health and fitness goals. Through the integration of personalized
workout plans, nutrition tracking, wearable device compatibility, community engagement
features, expert guidance, and robust data privacy measures, GoFit empowers users to take
control of their fitness journey effectively.
The user-centric design, intuitive interface, and seamless functionality of GoFit ensure a
positive user experience, fostering motivation, accountability, and long-term engagement. By
prioritizing user feedback, continuous improvement, and staying abreast of technological
advancements, GoFit is poised to make a lasting impact on the fitness app market and
become a trusted companion for individuals striving for a healthier lifestyle.
Future Scope:
Looking ahead, there are several avenues for future enhancement and expansion of the GoFit
application:
1. AI and Machine Learning Integration: Incorporate advanced AI and machine learning
algorithms to further personalize workout plans, nutrition recommendations, and coaching
based on user data and behavior patterns. Implement predictive analytics for proactive health
insights and personalized goal-setting.
2. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) Experiences: Explore AR and VR
technologies to enhance workout experiences, provide immersive fitness challenges, and
simulate real-world training scenarios. Integrate gamification elements to increase user
engagement and motivation.
3. Enhanced Community Features: Expand community engagement features by introducing
virtual fitness classes, live workouts with trainers, and user-generated content sharing. Foster
a vibrant and supportive community environment for users to connect, inspire, and
collaborate.
4. Health Integration and Wellness Monitoring: Partner with healthcare providers and
wellness platforms to integrate health monitoring capabilities, such as blood pressure
tracking, stress management tools, and sleep quality analysis. Provide holistic health insights
to promote overall well-being.
44
CHAPTER 08
BIBLIOGRAPHY
► Websites
✓ https://www.wikipedia.org/
45
Appendix-B
A. POs addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant POs)
a) ……………………………………………………………………………….
b) ………………………………………………………………………………..
c) …………………………………………………………………….................
d) ………………………………………………………………………………..
B. COs addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant POs)
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
3. Affective Domain Outcomes
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
46
PROGRESSIVE ASSESSMENT PA Sheet
Sr. Criteria Max Marks Marks Obtained
No.
1 Project Proposal/Identification
2 Punctuality and overall contribution
10
3 Project Diary
4 Execution of Plan during sixth 20
semester
5 Project Report including 15
documentation
6 Presentation 05
Total 50
47
Appendix B
Suggested Rubric for Capstone Project – Execution and Report Writing
Problem/Task
1
Identification
(Project Title)
2
Literature
Survey/Industrial
Survey
3 Project proposal
4 Project Diary
5 Final Report
Preparation
6 Presentation
‘
7 Defense
48
Appendix-B
A. POs addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant POs)
a) ……………………………………………………………………………….
b) ………………………………………………………………………………..
c) …………………………………………………………………….................
d) ………………………………………………………………………………..
B. COs addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant POs)
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
6. Affective Domain Outcomes
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
49
PROGRESSIVE ASSESSMENT PA Sheet
Sr. Criteria Max Marks Marks Obtained
No.
1 Project Proposal/Identification
2 Punctuality and overall contribution
10
3 Project Diary
4 Execution of Plan during sixth 20
semester
5 Project Report including 15
documentation
6 Presentation 05
Total 50
50
Appendix B
Suggested Rubric for Capstone Project – Execution and Report Writing
Problem/Task
1
Identification
(Project Title)
2
Literature
Survey/Industrial
Survey
3 Project proposal
4 Project Diary
5 Final Report
Preparation
6 Presentation
‘
7 Defense
51
Appendix-B
A. POs addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant POs)
a) ……………………………………………………………………………….
b) ………………………………………………………………………………..
c) …………………………………………………………………….................
d) ………………………………………………………………………………..
B. COs addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant POs)
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
9. Affective Domain Outcomes
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
52
PROGRESSIVE ASSESSMENT PA Sheet
Sr. Criteria Max Marks Marks Obtained
No.
1 Project Proposal/Identification
2 Punctuality and overall contribution
10
3 Project Diary
4 Execution of Plan during sixth 20
semester
5 Project Report including 15
documentation
6 Presentation 05
Total 50
53
Appendix B
Suggested Rubric for Capstone Project – Execution and Report Writing
Problem/Task
1
Identification
(Project Title)
2
Literature
Survey/Industrial
Survey
3 Project proposal
4 Project Diary
5 Final Report
Preparation
6 Presentation
‘
7 Defense
Appendix-B
54
PROGRESSIVE ASSESSMENT(PA) OF CAPSTONE PROJECT-EXECUTION
AND REPORT WRITING
Evaluation Sheet (ESE) for Internal Assessment
Name of Student: Afan Patel Enrolment No: 210144213
D. POs addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant POs)
a) ……………………………………………………………………………….
b) ………………………………………………………………………………..
c) …………………………………………………………………….................
d) ………………………………………………………………………………..
E. COs addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant POs)
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
12. Affective Domain Outcomes
a) ……………………………………………………………………..
b) ……………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………..
d) ……………………………………………………………………..
55
PROGRESSIVE ASSESSMENT PA Sheet
Sr. Criteria Max Marks Marks Obtained
No.
1 Project Proposal/Identification
2 Punctuality and overall contribution
10
3 Project Diary
4 Execution of Plan during sixth 20
semester
5 Project Report including 15
documentation
6 Presentation 05
Total 50
56
Appendix B
Suggested Rubric for Capstone Project – Execution and Report Writing
Problem/Task
1
Identification
(Project Title)
2
Literature
Survey/Industrial
Survey
3 Project proposal
4 Project Diary
5 Final Report
Preparation
6 Presentation
‘
7 Defense
57