MCSE 568
Data Encryption Standard
Lecture 5
Feistel Cipher
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
DES (Data Encryption Standard)
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
DES (Data Encryption Standard)
Phases
i) Permutation and sub key generation
ii) Plaintext permutation and division
iii) Round Functions
iv) Final Permutation
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
DES : Block Diagram
Lkey(28) RKey(28)
LPT(32) RPT(32)
32 bits
Lkey(28) RKey(28)
Expansion Permutation
48 bits Permuted
Choice-2
XOR
48 bits
48 bits
S-Box
32 bits 32 bits
32 bits
Lkey(28) RKey(28)
P-Box
32 bits
XOR
32 bits
32 bits 32 bits
Left(32) Right (32)
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 1: Generating Sub Keys
64-bit Key=133457799BBCDFF1
PC-1
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 1: Generating Sub Keys
64 bit 56 bit 48 bit
PC1 PC2
Use PC2 to calculate key k1
(1st Sub key) All 16 Sub keys each of 48 bits
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 2: Initial Permutation
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 3: Round Function
32 bits
32 bits
48 bits
32 bits
Expand 32 to 48 bit
48 bits
48 bits
f(R0,K1)= 48 bits
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 3: Round Function
As L0 is 32 bits, k1+E(R0) need to
compressed to 32 bits,
48 bits
B1=011000
Row No. = 00 (First bit & Last bit)
Col No. = 1100 (Middle four bits)
So S1(B1)= 0101 (5)
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 3: Round Function
48 bits
B2=010001
Row No. = 01 (First bit & Last bit)
Col No. = 1000 (Middle four bits)
So S2(B2)= 1100 (12)
S2
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 3: Round Function
48 bits
B3=011110
Row No. = 00 (First bit & Last bit)
Col No. = 1111 (Middle four bits)
So S3(B3)= 1000 (8)
S3
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 3: Round Function
48 bits
B4=111010
Row No. = 10 (First bit & Last bit)
Col No. = 1101 (Middle four bits)
So S4(B4)= 0010 (2)
S4
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 3: Round Function
32 bits MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 3: Round Function
32 bits
32 bits
32 bits
For Round 2
32 bits
L2=R1
32 bits R2=L1 + f(R1,K2)
32 bits
32 bits
Continue upto round 16…
32 bits
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Step 4: Final Permutation
32 bits
32 bits
64 bits
64 bits
Same procedure must be repeated for other blocks
Check the result online using https://emvlab.org/descalc/
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
DES (Data Encryption Standard)
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
DES (Data Encryption Standard)
MCSE 568 Department of CSE, Stamford University, Bangladesh
Q1: The DES Algorithm Cipher System
consists of ____________rounds (iterations)
A 12
B 16
C 18
D 8
Q2: The DES algorithm has a key length of __
A 32 bits
B 48 bits
C 56 bits
D 64 bits
Q3: The input and output of S-Box are _____
A 48 & 32 bits
B 32 & 48 bits
C 56 & 32 bits
D 32 & 32 bits
Q4: The Initial Permutation table/matrix is of
size _____
A 8x4
B 12x8
C 8x8
D 16x8
Q5: The number of tests required to break the
DES algorithm is______
A 2.8x1014
B 4.2x109
C 1.84x1019
D 7.2x1016
