Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents research design, respondents of the study, research

instrument, data collection procedure and statistical treatment of the data.

Research Design

This study will employ within-subject experimental design. A within-subject

experimental design is a type of experimental design in which all participants are
exposed to every treatment or condition. The term treatment is used to describe the
different levels of the independent variable, the variable that's controlled by the
experimenter. In other words, all of the subjects in the study are treated with the
critical variable in question. It will engage qualitative and quantitative research design to
the objective of the present study which is to analyze the effectiveness of activated
charcoal with rice bran oil, honey, virgin coconut oil, essential oil and beeswax to the
livings of the respondents.

For gathering information and response, the researchers will use survey method.
As defined in Merriam-Webster, questionnaire is a set of questions for obtaining
statistically useful or personal information from individuals. A survey was conducted for
the study which sought to analyze the effectiveness of activated charcoal to our daily
lives.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of this study are the students, staff and faculty of Colegio de
San Juan de Letran – Calamba. Voluntary sampling will be used to determine the
number of respondents. The researchers will be distributing survey questionnaire to the
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respondents. The researchers will propose their finished product to various

organizations such as Société Générale de Surveillance (SGS) for consultation and
validation. The following tables represent demographic profile and perspectives of the
respondents about the moisturizer.

Table 1.1
Demographic Profile of the respondents according to gender
Gender Frequenc %
y
Male 22 55 %
Female 18 45 %
Total 40 100 %

Based on the gathered data, in terms of gender the total respondents have
twenty-two (22) or 55% male and eighteen (18) or 45% female. This will help the
researchers to determine the perspective and acceptability of the moisturizer to both
gender.

Table 1.2
Demographic Profile of the respondents according to age
Age Frequenc %
y
16 – 20 yrs. old 20 50 %
21 – 25 yrs. old 5 12.5 %
26 – 30 yrs. old 5 12.5 %
31 – 40 yrs. old 5 12.5 %
40 yrs. old and above 5 12.5 %
Total 40 100 %

As regards to the age, the table shows that the majority of the respondents are
16-20 years old having the percentage of 50% that 20 respondents out of 40. The other
age interpreted as (5) or 12.5 % are 21-25 years old, (5) or 12.5 % are 26-30 years old,
(5) or 12.5% are 31-40 years old and another (5) or 12.5% are 40 above.
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Table 2
Pre – Assessment: Perspective of the respondents about the moisturizer
YES NO Total
Frequenc % Frequency % Frequenc %
y y
1. Do you have
5 12.5 % 35 87.5 % 40 100 %
some skin disease?
2. Do you often use
lotion or
moisturizer to 20 50 % 20 50 % 40 100 %
prevent skin
dehydration?
3. Are you willing
to use an organic
moisturizer to
35 87.5 % 5 12.5 % 40 100 %
prevent skin
dehydration?

4. Do you prefer
organic moisturizer
36 90 % 4 10% 40 100%
than commercial
moisturizer?

The Table 2 represents the data collected from the Pre-assessment

questionnaire. Pre-assessment questionnaire are used in order to know the
respondents’ opinions and choices before using the product. Based on the Table 2,
12.5% of the respondents has a skin disease and 35 or 87.5% of them haven’t
experienced it. Out of 40 respondents, 20 or 50% of the respondents used lotion to
prevent skin dehydration while 20 or 50% of them also do not use it. The respondents
were asked if they are willing to use organic moisturizer to prevent skin dehydration and
35 or 87.5% of them answered yes while 5 or 12.5% answered no. The total number of
respondents who preferred using organic moisturizer are 36 or 90% and 4 or 10% of
them will rather use commercial moisturizer.
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Research Instrument

The instrument that will be used to collect data is a questionnaire, prepared by

the researchers. The first part of the questionnaire asks for the general information of
the respondent which is limited to their name, age and gender. The second part
contains pre-assessment questions to determine the perspective of the respondents
about the about. The third part is composed of questions regarding on the effectiveness
activated charcoal with rice bran oil, honey, virgin coconut oil, essential oil and beeswax
as moisturizer. This will serve as proof whether activated charcoal with rice bran oil ,
honey, virgin coconut oil, essential oil and beeswax helps to moisture, to whiten the skin
and to smoothen the skin or not. Furthermore, questions are based on the topic chosen
by the researchers.

The researchers’ product will be applied to random respondents of Colegio de

San Juan de Letran Calamba. After the experiment, the researchers will conduct a survey
questionnaire to measure the effectiveness of the product. It is a self-made
questionnaire after consulting our adviser. Five – point Likert scale method for
measuring the effectiveness of the product while four – point scale of Likert method for
determining the advantages and disadvantages of the product. Likert scales were often
called summative scale it was the most widely used scale in survey research. The
essence of a Likert scale was the scale items, approximately the same size and were
going in the same direction. Weighted mean and Pearson R will also be used to
determine the level of acceptance of the effectives and advantages and disadvantages
of the product.
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Data Collection Procedure

In the initial data gathered, the researchers will ask information from the Forty (40)
voluntary respondents of Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba regarding to the
effectiveness of the formulated moisturizer. The significance of the study is thoroughly
explained to the respondents and they were assured that their identities where be kept
confidential. The items of the questionnaire were assigned points as in Likert’s scale
with a continuum of four (4) and five (5) as shown below.

1. The researchers will have to gather all the needed ingredients to formulate the
product: activated charcoal mixed with rice bran oil, honey, virgin coconut oil,
essential oil and beeswax as moisturizer.
2. The formulated product will undergo several tests and trials by the experts to
check the effectivity and safeness of the product.

3. APPROVAL for data gathering process

4. After testing the toxicity and safeness, the product will be applied to random
respondents to determine if it is effective as a moisturizer.

5. Each skin of the respondents will be check through the plate of skin color.

Figure 1
Plates of skin types
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(Source: https://perfectimage.co/whats-skin-type-fitzpatrick-system/)

6. While using the product, the researchers will examine the skin of the
respondents by using skin analyzer.
7. After the five (5) consecutive days, the researchers will provide survey
questionnaires to the respondents to determine the effectivity of the product.

8. Survey results will be considered as raw data that will be interpreted using
statistical tools such as weighted mean and t-test independence.

Data Analysis

The collected data will be interpreted using statistical tools as follows:

Weighted mean. This will be used to determine the (a) level of

effectiveness of the activated charcoal with rice bran oil, honey, virgin
coconut oil, essential oil and beeswax as moisturizer perceived by the
students, staff and faculty of Colegio de San Juan de Letran – Calamba in
terms of Whitening, and smoothening Hydration; and (b) advantage and
disadvantages of using activated charcoal with rice bran oil, honey, virgin
coconut oil, essential oil and beeswax nowadays:

a.) Level of Effectiveness of the activated charcoal with rice bran oil, honey,
virgin coconut oil, essential oil and beeswax

Weight Range Interpretation

5 4.21 – 5.00 Very Effective
4 3.41 – 4.20 Effective
3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderate
2 1.81 – 2.60 Less Effective
1 1.00 – 1.80 Not Effective
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b.) Advantage and Disadvantages the activated charcoal with rice bran oil,
honey, virgin coconut oil, essential oil and beeswax

Weight Range Interpretation

4 3.26 – 4.00 Strongly Agree
3 2.51 – 3.25 Agree
2 1.76 – 2.50 Disagree
1 1.00 – 1.75 Strongly Disagree

T – Test Dependent. This will be used to determine the comparison of the

means of two related groups whether there is a statistically significant
difference between these means.