Earth’s Rotation
and Revolution
Exploring the changes caused
by Earth’s rotation, revolution
and tilt relative to the sun
LESSON AT
A GLANCE
Day and Night
A Year
Earth’s Tilt
The Seasons
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Day and Night
List at least three (3)
differences between
day and night.
Then, share your
answers with the
class.
Today, you’ll be able to...
Explain how Describe what Clarify how
Earth’s rotation happens across Earth’s tilt
creates day and a whole year at produces
night. one of the poles. seasons.
Day and Night
Earth spins on its
own axis once every
24 hours.
Therefore, it takes one
whole day and night to
make a rotation.
Day and Night
When the side of Earth
where you live faces
the sun, it is daytime.
When the part of Earth
Night-time Daytime
where you live is facing
away from the sun, it is
night-time.
A Year
While Earth spins on its own axis,
it also takes a trip around the sun.
It takes approximately 365.25 days
to complete its revolution, which is
This is the reason why
the basis of our calendar year. we add a leap day to
February every four
years (in most cases)
to account for the
additional 0.25 days
in each Earth’s
revolution.
Think-Pair-Share
What are the changes
that occur on Earth in
a day?
a year?
Take a moment to think
of your answers before
discussing them with
your seatmate.
Earth’s Tilt
Our planet is tilted
relative to the sun.
The North Pole faces
the sun for half a year,
while the South Pole
faces the sun for the
other half.
The Seasons Winter
(Northern
From approximately Hemisphere)
October to February,
Earth’s tilt means the
North Pole is pointing
away from the sun.
This means while the
Northern Hemisphere
experiences winter, the
Southern Hemisphere
Summer (Southern
enjoys summer! Hemisphere)
The Seasons
Autumn Summer
(March to (December to
May) February)
Locations north
of the equator have the
opposite seasons to areas
south of the equator.
Therefore, while Europe Winter Spring
and the United States (June to (September
August) to November)
experience winter, Brazil
and Australia will enjoy
the summer season. Seasons in the
Southern Hemisphere
Polar Extremes
Living at either of the
poles means getting used
to extremes. But did you
know that during summer,
there are days when the
sun never sets?
Equally, the sun never
rises during polar winters,
and the pole experiences
24 hours of darkness.
Polar
bright Extremes
The extreme seasons
at the poles are due to
Earth’s tilt.
Despite Earth rotating
on its own axis during
dark the 24 hours, the light
levels at the poles do
not change.
Review
A DAY A YEAR THE SEASONS
Earth completes Earth revolves The Earth’s tilt causes
one full rotation on around the sun, varying Sun exposure
its own axis every which takes throughout the year,
24 hours, leading to approximately leading to longer days and
alternating daylight 365.25 days. shorter nights in summer
and darkness in This is the basis and the opposite in winter.
nearly all regions for one calendar At the poles, summers
of the globe. year. have 24 hours of light,
while winters feature 24
hours of darkness.
EARTH’S TILT
Many astronomers believe
that about 4.5 billion years
ago, a Mars-sized body
collided with Earth,
resulting in the tilt we
observe today.
Can you name other
planets in the solar system
with a distinct tilt?
Resource Page
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